主要食物营养成分表.doc

主要食物营养成分表（每百克食物所含的成分 仅供参考）类别食物名称蛋白质(克)脂肪(克)碳水化合物(克)热量(千卡)无机盐类(克)钙(毫克)磷(毫克)铁(毫克)谷 类大米7.50.5793510.4101001.0小米9.71.7773621.4212404.7高粱米8.22.2783850.4172305.0玉署黍8.54.3733651.7222101.6大麦仁10.52.2663262.6434004.1面粉12.00.8703391.5221807.6干 豆类黄豆（大豆）39.217.4254135.03205705.9青豆37.318.3304345.02405305.4黑豆49.812.1193844.025045010.5赤小豆20.70.5583183.3673055.2绿豆22.10.8593323.3342229.7花豇豆22.62.1583412.51004567.9豌豆24.01.0583392.9572250.8蚕豆28.20.8493182.7713407.0鲜 豆类青扁豆荚（鹊豆）3.00.26380.7132770.9白扁豆荚（刀子豆）3.20.35360.881683.4四季豆（芸豆）1.90.84310.766491.6豌豆（准豆、小寒豆）7.20.312800.913900.8蚕豆（胡豆、佛豆）9.00.711861.2152171.7菜豆角2.40.24270.653631.0豆类制品黄豆芽11.52.07921.4681026.4豆腐浆1.60.71170.2-北豆腐9.21.26720.91101103.6豆腐乳14.65.75307.816720012.0绿豆芽3.20.14300.423510.9豆腐渣2.60.37410.716444.0根 茎类小葱（火葱、麦葱）1.40.35280.863281.0大葱（青葱）1.00.36310.312460.6葱头（大蒜）4.40.2231111.35440.4芋头（土芝）2.20.116740.819510.6红萝卜2.00.45321.419231.9荸荠（乌芋）1.50.121911.55680.5甘薯（红薯）2.30.2291270.918200.4藕1.00.16290.719510.5白萝卜0.6-6260.849340.5马铃薯（土豆、洋芋）1.90.7281261.211590.9叶 菜类黄花菜（鲜金针菜）2.90.512641.273691.4黄花（金针菜）14.10.4603007.046317316.5菠菜2.00.22182.070342.5韭菜2.40.54300.956451.3苋菜2.50.45342.3200464.8油菜（胡菜）2.00.14251.4140523.4大白菜1.40.33190.733420.4小白菜1.10.12130.886271.2洋白菜（椰菜）1.30.34240.8100561.9香菜（芫荽）2.00.37391.5170495.6芹菜茎2.20.32201.0160618.5菌类蘑菇（鲜）2.90.23250.68661.3口蘑（干）35.61.42324716.210016232.0香菌（香菇）13.01.8543844.812441525.3海菜类木耳（黑）10.60.2653045.8357201185.0海带（干，昆布）8.20.15726212.92250-150.0紫菜24.50.93123030.333044032.0茄 瓜果类南瓜0.8-3150.527220.2西葫芦0.6-2100.617470.2瓠子（龙蛋瓜）0.60.13150.412170.3丝瓜（布瓜）1.50.15270.528450.8茄子2.30.13220.522310.4冬瓜0.4-2100.319120.3西瓜1.2-4210.26100.2甜瓜0.30.14180.427120.4菜瓜（地黄瓜）0.9-2120.324110.2黄瓜0.80.22130.525370.4西红柿（西红柿）0.60.32130.48320.4水 果类柿0.70.111482.910190.2枣1.20.2241030.441230.5苹果0.20.615600.21190.3香蕉1.20.620900.710350.8梨0.10.112490.3560.2杏0.9-10440.626240.8李0.50.2940-17200.5桃0.80.17320.58201.0樱桃1.20.38400.66315.9葡萄0.2-10410.24150.6干果及硬果类花生仁（炒熟）26.544.8205893.1713992.0栗子（生及熟）4.81.5442091.115911.7杏仁（炒熟）25.75195972.51412023.9菱角（生）3.60.5241151.79490.7红枣（干）3.30.5733091.461551.6走 兽类牛肉20.110.2-1721.171700.9牛肝18.92.691350.9134009羊肉11.128.80.53060.9111292羊肝18.57.241551.494146.6猪肉16.929.21.13350.9111700.4猪肝20.14.02.91281.81127025乳类牛奶（鲜）3.13.54.6620.7120900.1牛奶粉25.626.735.648.5-900-0.8羊奶（鲜）3.84.14.6710.9140-0.7飞禽鸡肉23.31.2-1041.1111901.5鸭肉16.57.50.11340.9111454.1蛋类鸡蛋（全）14.811.6-1641.1552102.7鸭蛋（全）1314.70.51861.8712103.2咸鸭蛋（全）11.313.23.317861022143.6爬虫田鸡（青蛙）11.90.30.2510.6221591.3甲鱼16.511.5810.91071351.4蛤 类河螃蟹1.45.97.41391.812914513.0明虾20.60.70.2901.5351500.1青虾16.41.30.1781.2992050.3虾米（河产及海产）46.82-20525.2882-田螺10.71.23.8693.335719119.8蛤蜊10.81.64.8773378214.2鱼 类鲫鱼131.10.1620.85420.32.5鲤鱼18.11.60.2881.12817.61.3鳝鱼17.90.5-760.6274.64.6带鱼15.93.41.51001.148532.3黄花鱼（石首鱼）17.20.70.3760.9312041.8油脂及其它猪油（炼）-99-891-芝麻油-100-900-花生油-100-900-芝麻酱20.052.9156165.287053058豆油-100-900-As well as advice on what to eat and what to avoid in your diet, here are ten basic rules to follow: 1. Get down to and maintain your desirable body weight - use the body mass index (BMI) calculator here to work out what that should be. 2. Reduce your total fat intake, particularly saturated fats like butter and other animal fats. 3. Ensure adequate intake of mono- and certain poly-unsaturated fats. 4. Reduce your intake of foods high in cholesterol. 5. Increase your fibre intake. 6. Use sugar and foods high in simple carbohydrates in moderation. 7. Use less salt.8. Eat a variety of foods. 9. Drink alcohol only in moderation and regularly rather than in binges. 10. Drink six to eight glasses of water a day. Healthy food choices Fats, oils and nuts: Sunflower, canola, olive and soya oils Soft margarines Non-stick vegetable sprays Almonds, pecan, hazelnuts and peanuts in moderation Meat, fish and poultry: Lean cuts only Portion sizes to 90 to 120g a day - about the size of your palm Eat chicken without the skin Eat fish at least twice a week Shellfish is fine except prawns, shrimps and caviar Tinned fish should be in water or brine Lentils and dry beans: All types of lentils, peas and beans Baked beans and other tinned beans Eggs: Use a maximum of three egg yolks a week and cut down on other foods containing cholesterol if you do eat egg yolk Milk and milk products: Low-fat and skim milk Low-fat and fat-free yoghurt Low-fat and fat-free cottage cheese Low-fat buttermilk Breads and cereals: Brown bread and wholewheat bread: Oats, oat bran and maize meal High-fibre (low fat) breakfast cereals Low-fat wholewheat crackers Rice and pasta Fruit and vegetables: Eat at least five portions of fruit and vegetables each day Choose fresh fruits instead of fruit juices Use avocado and olives in moderation Beverages: Tea and coffee without sugar, diet cold drinks, sugar-free squash Use sweetened cold drinks in moderation Use fruit juice in moderation If you drink alcohol, no more than two drinks a day (1 drink = 340ml beer or 120ml wine or 25ml spirits). Avoid if you have high blood pressure or are overweight Desserts: Choose fresh fruit, jelly, skim-milk custard, fat-free or low-fat yoghurt, fruit ices, fruit yoghurt Avoid the following foods Fats and oils: Butter Hard brick margarine, brick cooking fat, lard All fried food Coconut and biscuits containing coconut Mayonnaise Meat, fish and poultry: Fatty beef, pork and mutton Processed meats such as salami and polony Organ meats such as offal, liver and kidneys Tinned meat and pies Take-aways such as fried chicken and hamburgers Deep fried foods Milk and milk products: Full cream milk Condensed m