方位介词与不定代词.doc

课前小测：一、选择最佳答案1. There is _ house in the picture. There is _old woman near_house.A. an; a; the B. a; an ; the C. the ; a; an D. a; the; an 2. He has already worked for _ hour. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 3. Alice likes playing _ piano. A. the B. an C. a D. 不填 4.When do you have _breakfast every day?A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 二、用a,an,the, /填空1. -Do you like playing _ football?-Yes. But I have only _ basketball.2. Do you know _girl in _room?3. Theres _ u and _ s in _word use.4. Which is heavier, _elephant or _ horse?5. He is always ready to help _ old and _ young.6. _ Greens are traveling in _ South China.7.Xiaomei saw _ interesting film last night. _ film was about _ kind doctor.8. Britain is _ European country and China is _ Asian country.9. We always have _rice for _lunch.10. It took me _ hour and _ half to finish _ work.（一）常见介词的基本用法at: 主要表示方向、场所、时间的某一由介词at构成的方位介词短语:1、at the front of.在.所在范围的前一部分 2、at the back of.在.所在范围的后一部分3、at the foot of.在.脚下 4、at the top of.在.顶部5、at the end of.在.尽头 6、at the head of.在.前头7、at the（school）gate在（校）门口 8、at the station 在车站9、at No.2 Changan Road在长安路2号 10、at my uncles 在我叔叔家11、at home在家 12、at the doctors在医务室/在诊所13. at the age of 25 在25岁时 14.at the beginning of 在开始时on：主要表示在上面、根据或基础、有关或涉及的方面、表示某天。由介词on构成的方位介词短语:1、on the right/left在右（左）边 2、on ones right/left在某人的右（左）边3、on the desk/table在课桌/桌上 4、on the right-hand/left-hand side在右/左手边5、on the blackboard在黑板上 6、on science 关于科学7、on the paper在纸上 8、on the tree在树上（指树上长的，结的东西）9. on an afternoon of October 10. on May,197911.on May 1st, 2005 在2005年5月1日 in：表示场所、时间与期限、状况、方向由介词in构成的方位介词短语:1.be dressed in rags 穿着破烂 2. in the 1990s 在20世纪90年代3.in the late 19th century 在19世纪后期 4.in those days 在那些天里5.in July 在七月 6.in June, 2007 在2007年6月其它介词构成的方位介词短语1、next to靠近/贴近 2、beside the desk在课桌旁 3、behind the door在门后 4、under the bed在床下 5、near the window靠近窗户 6、outside the gate在门外练一练：( ) 1 Children get gifts _ Christmas and _ their birthdays. A . on; on B. at; on C. in; in D. in; on ( ) 2 -There is nothing _tomorrow afternoon, is there? -No. We can have a game of table tennis. A. on B. in C. out D. up( ) 3 A lot of students in our school were born_March, 1981. A. in B. at C. on D. since ( ) 4 He suddenly returned_ a rainy night. A. on B. at C. in D. during( ) 5 My grandfather was born_Oct. 10, 1935. A. on B. in C. at D. of( ) 6 The train is starting _five minutes.A. in B. at C. for D.still( ) 7 Mike does his exercises _ seven _ the evening. A. on; to B. at; in C. by; of D. at; on(二) 易混淆介词词组讲解： 例1 The hotel is beside (/by) the river.那家饭店在河边。Come and sit beside (/by) me.过来，坐在我边上。by和beside均表示“在旁边”，常可换用例2 There is a theatre near his home. 他家附近有一家剧院。The new building next to the bookstore is a cinema. 书店旁边的那幢新楼是一家电影院near表示“在附近”，表示的距离比next to稍远些，也时常换用.例3 There is a chair under the table. 桌子下面有一把椅子。（垂直）He saw many hills and rivers below the plane. 他看见飞机的下方有许多小山和河流。under表示“在的正下方”，指垂直上下。below表示“低于某物”，只表示位置低于，但不是在正下方。例4 He is holding an umbrella over his head. 他撑着一把伞遮头。An airplane flew above the clouds. 一架飞机在云端上面飞行。（云层的上面）over表示“在垂直的上方”，与under相对；above表示“在的上方”，指高于某物，但不是正上方，与below相对。（三）不定代词some和any的用法不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。小练一下1.I have _ science books. 2. I havent_ money.3._ of us are League members.4. There is _ ink in the bottle. 5.You can ask me if you have _ questions.some和any的区别：some一般用于肯定句中，any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中。作定语时，它们所修饰的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；可数名词可以是单数或复数，复数表示某些，单数表示某个。特殊：在表示请求和邀请时，some也可以用在疑问句中。例如：Can I have some milk？（请示）Would you like some cakes？（邀请）小试牛刀：选择题：1. We dont have _ water in the pool. A. any B. little C. some2. -How about _ rice? -Thank you. A. some B. any C. many3. -Do you have _ vegetables? -Here they _. A. any, are B, some , is C. any, be4. There are _ pens in my pencil-box. But there arent_ pencils in it. A. some, some B. any ,some C, some, any5. We have some fish here. Would you like some? - No, thanks. I dont want _ now.A. any fishs B. some fish C. any fish6. -We dont have _vegetables in the fridge. - Let me buy _.A. any , any B. any, some C. a little, any阅读理解：Mr. and Mrs. Green had different ideas about where to go to spend their weekend. Mrs. Green wanted to go to Florida to see her sister, but Mr. Green did not like to go there. He wanted to go to Maine. “Florida is too hot in summer. ”Mr. Green said. “Maine is a little cold, ” said Mrs. Green. “I like swimming. But the water in Maine is usually not warm enough. ” “Florida is too far, ” said Mr. Green. “We dont have enough time to drive there. Itll take us more than two days. ” Just then, the phone rang. Mr. Green answered the phone. It was Mr. Greens mother, “Is that Jim speaking? Please come in the shortest time. I need help. Im calling from the hospital in Boston. ”That stopped their talking, and in time they both went there. ( )1. Where did Mr. Green like to go to on weekend? A. Florida. B. Maine. C. Boston. D. England. ( )2. What did Mrs. Green like to do on vacation? A. Go swimming. B. Drive to Maine. C. See her parents. D. We dont know. ( )3. Who called them when they were talking? A. Mr. Greens wife. B. Mr. Greens mother. C. Mr. Greens son. D. Mrs. Green. ( )4. Where was Mr. Greens mother then? A. In Florida. B. In Maine. C. In Boston. D. In