精简的国际商务英语新.doc

Lesson 1 FDI foreign direct investment 对外直接投资joint venture 合资企业mixed venture 混合企业有价证券公司portfolio CorporationInsurance policy 保险单Export declaration 出口申报单Commercial invoice 商业发票Bill of lading 提单Consular invoice 领事发票Packing list 装箱单，包装单Export license 出口许可证Customs declaration 报关单Multinational corporation 跨国公司Term of payment 付款条件Bill of exchange 汇票、Open accounts 赊账 Correspondent bank 代理银行Revocable （irrevocable）letter of credit 可撤销的（不可撤销的）信用证Sight draft 即期汇票Time draft 定期汇票，远期汇票Date draft 定期汇票Arrival draft 货到付款汇票DA (document against acceptance) 承兑交单DP (document against payment) 付款交单 国际贸易的付款方式The four basic payment arrange-mends1,letters of credit 2,bills of exchange 汇票3，cash in advance 提前付款4，open accounts 赊账capital formation 资本形成，资本积累comparative advantage 比较利益direct foreign investment 对外直接投资research and development 研究与发展非关税壁垒的表现形式l Quotas （important license）进口配额限制l Buy national restrictions 买国货l Customs valuation 海关估价l Technical barriers 技术壁垒l Subsidies, countervailing duties, and antidumping legislationl Agricultural products l Export restraints 出口限制Nontariff barriers 非关税壁垒Balance of payments 国际收支Countervailing duty 抵消关税，反倾销税，反补贴税Import duty 进口税Nontariff 非关税的Discriminate against 对加以歧视Antidumping 反倾销的Upgrade 使升级，提升；改进；提高GATT 关税及贸易总协定 Tokyo round 东京回合商业发票 commercial invoice海关发票 customs invoice形式发票 pro-forma invoice Import license 进口许可证Foreign exchange permit 外汇许可证Freight forwarder 货运代理行profit margin 利润幅度，盈利率be qualified to do sth 有资格做Inco terms International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会EXW(Ex Works) 工厂交货FCA(Free Carrier) 货交承运人 FAS(Free alongside Ship) 装运港船边交货 FOB(Free on Board) 装运港船上交货 CFR(Cost and freight) 成本加运费 CIF(Cost, Insurance and Freight) 成本、保险费加运费 CPT（Carriage Paid To） 运费付至目的地 CIP（Carriage and Insurance Paid To） 运费、保险费付至目的地 DAF（Delivered At Frontier） 边境交货 DES（Delivered Ex Ship） 目的港船上交货 DEQ（Delivered Ex Quay） 目的港码头交货 DDU（Delivered Duty Unpaid）未完税交货 DDP（Delivered Duty Paid） 完税后交货Lesson 2 翻译 for example, global merchandise（商品） exports grew by 10 percent. In 1997 and 3.5 percent in 1998 as with global production increase of 3 percent and 2 percent.进出口总额课文So what has happened in recent decades to bring about the increased growth in international business? The answer lies in the following four, sometimes interrelated factor（相互关联的要素）:1, rapid increase in and expansion of technology 2, liberalization of governmental policies on cross-border movement of trade and resources 3, development of institutions to support and facilitate（促进） international trade 4, increased global competitionExpansion of technology it was only about a century ago that Jules Verne fantasized about people traveling around the word in only 80 days. Much of what we take for granted today result from technology that has been developed only within the last century. Before then, change occurred slowly. By increasing the demand for new products and service, technology has tremendous(巨大的) impact（影响） on international business. Liberalization（自由化） of cross-border movement every country restricts the movement across its borders of goods and services and the resources, such as workers and capital, to produce both. Such restrictions make international business more expensive to undertake. Because the regulations（规章制度） may change at any time, international business is also risky（冒险）. Fewer restrictions enable companies to take better advantage of international opportunities. Development of supporting services companies and governments have developed services that ease（自在的） international business. Although companies do better internationally, it can be cumbersome（缓慢 笨重）, time-consuming（费时）, risky, and expensive. Today , most producers can be paid relatively for goods and services sold abroad because of, for example, bank credit agreements, clearing arrangements that coverts one countrys currency（通用货币） into anothers , and insurance that covers damage-enroute and nonpayment by the buyer.Increase in global competition the pressures of increased foreign competition can persuade to expand its business into international markets. Once a few companies respond to foreign markets and production opportunities, other companies may see the foreign opportunities as well. Many other firms have to become more global to maintain（保持） competitiveness; failure to do so could be catastrophic （悲惨的）for them. COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES:1, the per capita GNP of this city has now reached 5,000, as compared with only about 1000dollars ten years ago .(在相比之下，在十年前，它还只有一千美元左右)2，in order to attract foreign investment in china, the Chinese authorities gave preferential treatment in taxation and credit to foreign-invested firms except for construction of infrastructure and improving the investment environment.(除了建造基础设施，改善投资环境以外)3，late that year, the government of that Latin American country took effective measures to deal with various economic problems, emphasizing unemployment.(著重于失业问题)4，the minister of education hoped that the students who had returned from abroad would play in an important role in the economic construction of china.(将在中国经济建设中起到重要作用)5，in the first quarter of that year the worlds total supply of oil fell short of its total demand, leading to the rise of oil price in international market and a huge increase of income in oil producing countries.(导致国际市场石油价格上涨和产油国收入的激增)6，the development and opening up of the PuDong New Area will benefit the economic development of the Yangtze river basing.(将有助于长江流域以及全国的经济发展)7, The lack of capital needed for economy construction, the developing country in south Asia asked the world bank for a loan to build a railway.(由于缺乏经济建设所需的资金)8，the completion of the shanghai-Hangzhou expressway and its opening to traffic make travelers easier to travel between the two places.(使旅客能够更快的在俩地之间旅行)9，the new trade policy which the central authorities have formulated and announced aimed to expand export and increase the foreign exchange earning.(目的在于扩大出口和增加外汇收入)10, the instability of price in a country will hamper foreign company to invest in the countrys industry.(会阻碍外国公司对该国产业进行投资)11，it is evident that in a free-market economy the financial market will not always be stable without government intervention and adjustment.(在没有政府干预和调节的情况下)12， most economist believed that the new steps taken by the government would have great stimulated impact on the production and management of domestic enterprise.(将对国内企业的生产和经营产生很大的刺激作用)13，as the sustained recession had caused serious damage to the economy, the government is determined to take strong steps to end bad economic situation.(政府决心采取有力的步骤终止不良的经济局面)14，China will develop trade and economic relations with all countries in the base of equality and mutual benefits.(在平等互利的基础上)15，many industrialized nations imposed non-tariff barriers to trade, Make difficult for developing countries to export, many commodity and service to these industrialized countries.(使发展中国国家的商品和服务难以向这些国家出口)The export process 1. Import license and foreign exchange permits 2. Issuing the per-forma invoice or export quotation 3. Receipt an export order 4. Confirmation of export order 5. Nego