初级英语国际标准音标练习元音.docVIP

初级英语国际标准音标练习 元音 (20个) 单元音12个 前 元 音(4个) i: i e 后 元 音(5个) : : u: u 中 元 音(3个) : 双元音8个 合口双元音(5个) ei u ai au i 集中双元音(3个) i u 辅音 (28个) 清 辅 音(11个) p t k f s t tr ts h 浊 辅 音(17个) b d g v z d dr dz l m n j w r /i:/ bee/bi:/ feet/fi:t/ keep/ki:p/ key/ki:/ team/ti:m/ meet/mi:t/ /i/ it /it/ big/big/ city/siti/ give/giv/ sick/sik/ /e/ get/get/ best/best/ text/tekst/ help/help/ / fat/ft/ have/hv/ cat/kt/ back/bk/ hat/ht/ /a:/ laugh/la:f/ glass/gla:s/ half/ha:f/ farm/fa:m/ park/pa:k/ / :/ horse/h: s/ saw/s:/ corn/k:n/ course/k:s/ salt/s:t/ / / dog/dg/ pot/pt/ cost/kst/ what/wt/ honest/nist/ /u:/ food/fu:d/ moon/mu:n/ rule/ru:l/ loose/lu:s/ noon/nu:n/ /u/ book/buk/ put/put/ good/gud/ would/wud/ could/kud/ / / must/mst/ does/dz/ money/mni/ ugly/gli/ come/km/ /:/ nurse/n:s/ bird/b:d/ burn/b:n/ turn/t:n/ girl/g:l/ / / better/bet/ never/nev/ worker/w:k/ welcome/welkm/ /ei/ may/mei/ name/neim/ game/geim/ eight/eit/ age/eid/ /u/ no/nu/ home/hum/ hope/hup/ wrote/rut/ note/nut/ pose/puz/ /ai/ eye/ai/ time/taim/ buy/bai/ right/rait/ bike/baik/ kite/kait/ /au/ now/nau/ out/aut/ how/hau/ about/ baut/ south/sau/ house/haus/ /i/ boy/bi/ toy/ti/ noise/niz/ voice/vis/ point/pint/ coin/kin/ /i/ ear/i/ near/ni/ idea/aidi/ hear/hi/ mere/mi/ spear/spi/ / air/ tear/t/ care/k/ dare/d/ fair/f/ there/ /u/ tour/tu/ poor/pu/ sure/u/ moor/mu/(停泊) your/ju/ /p/ pea/pi:/ pie/pai/ top/tp/ cap/kp/ people/pi:pl/ pride/praid/ /b/ bee/bi:/ by/bai/ buy/bai/ black/blk/ bear/b/ /t/ let/let/ sat/st/ feet/fi:t/ team/ti:m/ tide/taid/d/ led/led/ sad/sd/ feed/fi:d/ do/du:/ dear/di/ /k/ lack/lk/ take/teik/ clock/klk/ class/kla:s/ weekend/wi:kend/ /g/ big/big/ lag/lg/ glass/gla:s/ gum/gm/ good/gud/ guest/gest/ /f/ face/feis/ fast/fa:st/ leaf/li:f/ surf/s:f/ favorite/feivrit/ /v/ very/veri/ five/faiv/ fever/fi:v/ serve/s:v/ never/nev/ / bath/ba:/(v洗澡) thick/ik/ mouth/mau/ breath/bre/(n呼吸) thought/:t/ author/ truth/tru:/ / the/ / they/ei/ that/t/ mother/m/ thus/ s/ then/en/ /s/ face/feis/ mouse/maus/ cakes/keiks/ caps/kps/ likes/laiks/ stops/stps/ /z/ close/kluz/ keys/ki:z/ boys/biz/ pens/penz/ halves/ha:vz/ /t/ catch/kt/ cheep/ti:p/ rich/rit/ watch/wt/ child/taild/ question/kwestn/ teach/ti:t/ challenge/tlind/ /d/ orange/rid/ large/la:d/ juice/du:s/ job/db/ /tr/ tree/tri:/ try/trai/ true/tru:/ trouble/traubl/ track/trk/ /dr/ dry/drai/ dream/dri:m/ dress/dres/ drink/drik/ hundred/hndrid/ / she/i:/ sharp/a:p/ fish/fi/ shock/k/ shoe/u:/ / pleasure/ple/ measure/me/ television/telivin/ /ts/ lets/lets/ sports/sp:ts/ puts/puts/ writes/raits/ seats/si:ts/ /dz/ hands/hndz/ birds/b:dz/ friends/freindz/ beds/bedz/ stands/stndz/ /h/ he/ hi:/ hard/ha:d/ him/him/ heard/h:d/ half/ha:f/ /l/ like/laik/ late/leit/ learn/l:n/ lead/li:d/ light/lait/ /m/ my/mai/ more/m:/ seem/si:m/ meat/mi:t/ mind/maind/ men/men/ /n/ nice/nais/ wind/waind/ mind/maind/ rain/rein/ fine/fain/ / sing/si/ wing/wi/ ring/ri/ long/l/ beautiful/bju:tfl/ /j/ you/ju:/ few/fju:/ yard/ja:d/ music/mju:zik/ student/stju:dnt/ excuse/ikskju:z/ /w/ work/w:k/ way/wei/ well/wel/ what/wt/ twelve/twelv/ twin/twin/ /r/ red/red/ road/rud/ write/rait/ wrong/r/ problem/prblm/ 音标综合练习 1./i:/ /i/ /e/ / /bit/ /wi:k/ /di:l/ /ril/ /kid/ /dig/ /kwik/ /tip/ /zip/ /rid/ /wil/ /fil/ bit week deal real kid dig quick tip zip rid will fill /pet/ /pk/ /gp/ /kg/ /ng/ /rm/ /btl/ /sed/ /hpi/ /ten/ /red/ pet pack gap cap nag ram battle said happy ten red /setl/ /tr/ /dipend/ settle trash depend 2./a:/ / :/ / / /u:/ /u/ /a:sk/ /ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /d/ /l:n/ /n:t/ /p:z/ /fks/ /sk/ ask mask past France odd lawn naught pause fox sock /fa:/ /la:d / /ma:k/ /l:d/ /t:/ /st:m/ /pt/ /krp/ /t/ /prmis/ far large mark Lord torch storm pot crop thought promise /huk/ /lu:s/ /sut/ /tuk/ /mud/ /ru:/ /pul/ /wud/ hook loose soot took mood through pull wood 3./ / / /bz/ /dl/ /hri/ /glf/ /trbl/ /:n/ /s:f/ /t:n/ /beg/ /tk/ buss dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck /k:b/ /:k/ /merik / /sk/ /kmp/ /svei/ /pveid/ /phps/ curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps /b:lesk/ /m:d/ burlesque murder 3./ei/ /u/ /ai/ /au/ /i/ /keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /prpuz/ /mun/ /stun/ /uv/ /sait/ kape great main propose motion stone over sight /raim/ /daut/ /taipist/ /aust/ /mist/ /ist/ rhyme doubt typist oust moist oyster 4./i/ / /u/ /vi/ /f/ /d/ /sk/ /bun/ /gud/ /rurl/ /pi/ /klmbi/ veer affair dare scare bourn gourd rural appear Colombia/mtiril/ /mistiris/ material mysterious 5./ / /mn/ /i:f/ /t/ /n/ /fei/ /tge/ /k/ /mselvz/ month thief that than faith together thank themselves 元音音素 /i:/ 【衣 发长点】 /I/ 【衣 急促地发声】 /e/ 【爱 发这个音的时候不要把“哎”的给读出来嘴唇放松自然地读】 / 【哎 发这个音的时候不要把“哎”的给读出来嘴唇扁平地发】 /:/ 【额 发长音】 / 【额 发短音】 / 【阿 嘴巴微微地张开发出这个音就可以了】 /a:/ 【啊 嘴巴长到最大】 / 【哦 急促】 /:/ 【哦 声音拖长】 /u/ 【乌 急促】 /u:/ 【乌 声音拖长】 /eI/ 【有点像答应人的“诶”的声音】 /aI/ 【唉】 /I/ 【哦喂 连着读】 /u/ 【呕】 /au/ 【傲】 /I/ 【衣饿 连着读】 / 【哎饿 连着读】 /u/ 【乌饿 连着读】 辅音音素 /p/ 【普 不要把给发出来轻音】 /b/ 【不 不要把给发出来浊音】 /t/ 【特 不要把给发出来轻音】 /d/ 【得 不要把给发出来浊音】 /k/ 【克 不要把给发出来轻音】 /g/ 【各 不要把给发出来浊音】 /f/ 【福 不要把给发出来轻音】 /v/ 【有点像摩托车启动的声音“呜呜呜”地但是是像发“vvv”一样不要把给发出来浊音】 /s/ 【丝 像蛇吐芯子发出的那种声音不要把给读出来轻音】 /z/ 【就是/s/的浊音】/ 【牙齿咬住舌头的轻音】 / 【牙齿咬住舌头的浊音】 / 【西 不要把给发出来轻音】 / 【衣 不要把给发出来浊音】 /h/ 【喝 不要把给发出来轻音】 /r/ 【若 不要把u给发出来浊音】 /t/ 【七 不要把给发出来轻音】 /d/ 【姬 不要把给发出来浊音】 /tr/ 【缺 不要把u给发出来轻音】 /dr/ 【撅 不要把u给发出来浊音】 /ts/ 【次 不要把给发出来轻音】 /dz/ 【自 不要把给发出来浊音】 /m/ 【嘴巴闭住然后发音气流从鼻子出来浊音】 /n/ 【嘴巴微张舌尖顶住上颚气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴巴出来浊音】 / 【嘴巴长大舌头向下弯曲气流从鼻子出来而不是从嘴巴出来浊音】 /l/ 【有两个读音。一是放在音标结尾发呕浊音而是放在音标中发了浊音】 /w/ 【我 不要把给发出来浊音】 /j/ 【呀 不要把给发出来浊音】 所谓浊音就是声带要振动的音轻音就是发出了但声带却不振动的音 所有的元音都是浊音声带都要振动。 1关于语音的几个概念 1)字母语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u, 2)音标词的语音形式。 3)音素音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。 4)音节由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。apple, student, teacher, understand 5)元音发音响亮是乐音口腔中气流不收阻碍是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。 6)辅音发音不响亮是噪音口腔中气流受到阻碍不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。 7)开音节a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi 8)闭音节a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it 9)重读音节单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 2. 元音(注意下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标) 1)i: sea, he, see, piece, ceiling 2)i sit, build, miss, myth 3)e bed, desk, head, 4) bad, land, bank, stamp 5)a: car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt 6) hot, want 7) : door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught 8)u: good, who, blue, soup, 9)u look, put, women, could 10) cup, come, blood, rough 11): girl, work, serve, nurse 12) cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday 13)ei cake, they, play, eight, great, 14)ai bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye 15)u phone, cold, boat, soul, grow 16)au house, town 17)i boy, oil 18)i dear, idea, deer, here, fierce, 19) pear, care, there, fair 20)u tour, poor, 3. 容易混淆的元音 1)e bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land 2)i: ei real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid 3)e ai bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide 4)au : house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause 5)au found fond; gown gone; down don 4. 辅音 1)p pen, 2)b bed, comb 3)t tell, 4)d, day, played, wanted 5)k cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box 6)g big, go, guess, language 7)m man 8)n nine, knife, autumn 9) bank, uncle, English, sing, 10)l land, world 11)r read, write, 12)f five, cough, laugh 13)v voice, of 14) think, 15) this, bathe 16)s sit, miss, science, case, scarf 17)z zoo, close, 18) sure, she, social, nation 19)/ pleasure, 20)h hot, who, hour 21)w wall, what, answer 22)j yes 23)t child, teach, catch 24)d/ joke, bridge, 25)ts boats 26)dz goods 27)tr tre28)dr dream 5. 容易混淆的辅音 1)v w vet wet; vest west; vine wine; very well 2)s sink think; sort thought; miss myth; mass math 3)z closing clothing; breeze breathe; bays bathes 4)n thin thing; sin sing; ban bang win wing; ran rang 6. 读音规则 1)重读音节(见元音和辅音的例句) 2)非重读音节 banana, student, today, after, i orange, secret, evening, very, Monday 7. 特殊读音 1)音的连读not at all, half an hour, I love you and all. after all 2)失去爆破good girl, good student, good job, expression, school, extreme 3)音的同化this year, Would you do it? Cant you see it? 8. 重音 1)单词重音 A)双音节词 a)一般在第一个音节重读。letter, sorry b)有 a-, be-, de-, re-, res-, in-, im-, en-, em-, es-, ex-, con-, com-, dis-, mis-, pre-, per-, pro-, trans- 等前缀的词第二个音节是重音。 about, believe, address, decide, report, condemn, respect, compare, inform, discuss, impress, mistake, enforce, prepare, employ, permit, escape, produce, exclaim,translate c)有 de-, in-, re-, con-, pre- 等前缀的重音与词义和词类有关, 一般名词的重音在第一个音节上其它的词性在第二个音节上。 record, record; insult, insult; conduct, conduct; present present; content, content d)有些复合词和带有前缀 re-, ex-, un-, pre-, post-, 等的词有两个重音。 outside, retell, well-known, unreal, fifteen, Chinese, pre-war, post-war B)多音节词 a)一般倒数第三个音节是重音。difficult, communist, family, economy, opportunity,democracy. b)有一些双音节词加了前缀和后缀成了多音节但这些词按原来词根的重音读音。 carefully, indefinite, comfortable, conductor, according, disturbance, complicated,establishment, c)词尾有-eous, -grahpy, -ial, -ian, -ic, -ics, -ience, ient, -ify, -ion, -ious, -ity, ive 后缀的词重音在这些后缀的前一个音节上。 courteous, calligraphy, editorial, historian, periodic, mathematics, experience,sufficient, identify, translation, religious, curiosity, protective d)词尾有 -ain, -ee, -eer, -ese, -ette 后缀的词重音在该后缀上而且有一个次重音。entertain, employee, mountaineer, Japanese, cigarette 2)句子重音 A) 英语的节奏轻-轻-重-轻-轻或重-轻-轻轻重 B) 英语句子的长短是由句子中的重读词的数目决定的而不是象汉语那样由句子中的汉字数目决定的。 C) 实词重读副词重读虚词轻读(冠词单音节介词单音节连词人称代词反代词物主代词关系代词相互代词助动词情态动词和系动词be. D) 实词不重读的特殊情况 a) 实词第二次出现He thinks of that as a child thinks. b) 一个名词被第二个名词修饰 I met her in the railway station. c) 代替词 Which book do you want? The small one. d) 感叹词中的 what 和how What a good day it is! How beautiful she is! e) street 在专有名词中 Wangfujing Street. f) this在这些短语中this morning/afternoon/evening E)虚词重读的特殊情况 a) 情态动词助动词和系动词be在句首句尾和否定时。 Do you like it? Yes, I do. Are you a doctor? Yes, I am. Can you help me? Yes, I can. I dont like you. He isnt a worker. b) 情态动词表示可能惊奇和肯定时。 They may come this evening. Can it be five already? He must be in the room. c) 介词在句首和句尾。 In the box, he found a letter. He is the person I talked with. d) 引导复合句的连词在句首。 If you wish, Ill visit you. When he comes, Ill tell him. e)反身代词表示强调。 He couldnt come himself. 英语发音连读的规则 连读的条件相邻的两词在意义上必须密切相关同属一个意群。连读所构成的音节一般都不重读只需顺其自然地一带而过不可读得太重也不可音。(连读符号) (1)“辅音+元音”型连读 在同一个意群里如果相邻两词中的前一个词是以辅音结尾后一个词是以元音开头这就要将辅音与元音拼起来连读。 ImanEnglish boy. Itisanold book. Let me havea lookatit. Ms Black worked inanoffice lastyesterday. I calledyou halfanhourago. Putiton, please. Notatall. Please pickitup. (2)“r/re+元音”型连读 如果前一个词是以-r或者-re结尾后一个词是以元音开头这时的r或re不但要发/r/而且还要与后面的元音拼起来连读。 Theyre my fatherand mother. I looked forit hereand there. Thereis a football underit. Thereare some books on the desk.Hereis a letter for you. Hereare foureggs. But whereis my cup? Whereare your brotherand sister? 但是如果一个音节的前后都有字母r即使后面的词以元音开头也不能连读。 The black clouds are coming nearer and nearer.nearer与and不可连读 (3)“辅音+半元音”型连读 英语语音中的/j/和/w/是半元音如果前一个词是以辅音结尾后一个词是以半元音特别是/j/开头此时也要连读。 Thankyou. Nice to meetyou. Didyou get there lateagain? Wouldyou likea cupof tea Couldyou help me, please? “音的同化” 常把/d/+/j/读成/dV/did you听上成了/dIdVu/would you成了/wudVu/could you成了/kudVu/。 (4)“元音+元音”型连读如果前一个词以元音结尾后一个词以元音开头这两个音往往也要自然而不间断地连读到一起。 Iam Chinese. Heis very friendly to me. She wants to studyEnglish. Howand why did you come here? She cant carryit. Itll take you threehours to walk there. The question is tooeasy for him to answer. (5)当短语或从句之间按意群进行停顿时意群与意群之间即使有两个相邻的辅音与元音出现也不可连读。 Isit ahat or a cat?hat与or之间不可以连读 Thereisa good book in my desk. book与in之间不可以连读 Can you speakEnglish or French? English与or之间不可以连读 Shall we meet ateight or ten tomorrow morning? meet与 ateight与or之间不可以连读 She opened the door and walkedin. door与and之间不可以连读 失去爆破6个爆破音有3对/p/b/t/d/k/g/ 失去爆破又叫不完全爆破就是在某些情况下只须做出发音的准备但并不发音稍稍停顿后就发后面的音。 (1)“爆破音+爆破音”型 6个爆破音中的任意2个相临时前一个爆破音会失去爆破即由相关的发音器官做好这个发音的姿势稍做停顿后即发后面的爆破音。 The girl in the re(d) coat was on a bla(ck) bike jus(t) now. The bi(g) bus from the fa(c) tory is full of people. Wha(t) time does he get up every morning? This is an ol(d) pi(c)ture of a