形容词比较级最高级讲解与练习.docx

形容词的原级、比较级和最高级一、形容词的比较级和最高级的构成1. 在英语中，在表示“比较”和“最”时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较级”和“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”：2. 形容词的比较级和最高级的构成方法如下：(A） 单音节词和部分双音节词以加-er和-est的方式构成： 在加词尾时要注意下面的各种情况：情况加词尾法例词一般情况直接加词尾small, smaller, smallest以e结尾的词加-r，-stlarge, larger, largest以辅音y结尾的词变y为i，再加词尾busy, easy, happy以“辅元辅”结尾的词，且最后一个音节重读。双写最后一个辅音字母再加词尾（w,y不双写）big, hot,thin(B）多音节单词和以后缀ly,ful,ing,ed等结尾的双音节单词及个别特殊的单双音节词在前面加more, most构成比较级及最高级：第 10 页 共 10 页importantmore importantmost important difficult more difficult most difficult tired more tired most tired friendly more friendly most friendlyuseful more useful most usefulglad more glad most gladoften more often most oftenpolite more polite most polite(C)有几个形容词有特殊的比较级和最高级形式：原级 比较级最高级 good/well better bestbad/ill worse worst many/much more most 原级比较级最高级 little less least far farther/further farthest/furthestold older/elder oldest/eldest小贴士1：elder和eldest可用来表示兄弟和子女的长幼顺序：my elder sister 我的姐姐 my eldest brother 我的大哥 their eldest son他们的长子小贴士2：further表示“较远”外，还可表示 “进一步的”；而farther仅表示距离：The farther plants are too cold. 更远的行星太冷。Do you need any further help? 你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？小贴士3：most 还可表示“大多数、大部分”，at least 表示至少，more than 表示“多余、超过” ，less than 表示“少于，不到”二、形容词比较级的用法1. 包含形容词比较级的句子多带有一个由than引起的状语从句，表示和什么相比，从句中有些词会省略掉：She is taller than her elder sister. 她比她姐姐高。They are all younger than me. 他们都比我年轻。2. 有时状语从句可以省略： Are you feeling better now? 现在你感觉好一点了吗？Do you have a larger size? 你们有大一点的吗？3. 比较级前有时有一个状语修饰：1)Your pen is much better than mine. 你钢笔比我好多了。2)Our room is even bigger than theirs. 我们的房间比他们的甚至更大。3)You are a metre taller than Tom. 你比汤姆高一米。4)My sister is two years younger than me. 我妹妹比我小两岁。 4. 比较级的形容词还可以用在某些句型中：1)Most cities in China are getting bigger and bigger. 中国大多数城市越来越大。2)Our country is becoming more and more beautiful.我们国家正变得越来越美。3)The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越高兴。5.比较级前面通常不加the ,但有of the two限定时,需加theIlike theolder oneofthetwobooks. 我喜欢这两本书中较旧的那本。三、形容词原级的用法1. 在表示“和一样”时，可用“as+原级+ as”结构：He is as busy as before. 他还是和以前一样忙。 Modern computers can be as small as a book. 现在的电脑可以像一本书那样大。 2. 在表示“不像那样”时可用“not as(so) +原级+ as”这种结构： 1)今天不像昨天那样冷。It isnt so/as cold as yesterday. =Its hotter than yesterday. 2)杰克不像看上去那样老。Jack is not as old as he looks. =Jack is younger than he looks. 3.very, so, quite, too等词后面只能加原级1）Its too/so/very hot today. Lets go swimming, shall we?四、形容词最高级的用法1. 形容词最高级前面需加定冠词the：1)Whats the best time to go there? 什么时候到那儿去最好？2)Its the latest fashion from Paris. 这是巴黎来的最新式样。 3)The highest mountain in Japan is Fuji. 日本最高的山是富士山。 2. 有时跟一个短语或从句说明范围内有三者或三者以上： 1)Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. 昨天是今年最热的一天。2)The Yangtze is the biggest river in our country. 长江是我国最大的河流。 3)It was the cheapest hotel we could find.这是我们能找到的最便宜旅馆 4)He is the poorest of all.他是所有人中最穷的。5)Simon has the most apples of the three. Simon在三人中拥有最多的苹果6)Jack is the tallest in our class. Jack在我们班个子最高。=Jack is taller than any other student in our class.= Jack is taller than the other students in our class.=No one else is taller than Jack in our class.=Nobody else is as tall as Jack in our class.3. 形容词最高级前有时有序数词修饰：1)The first largest city is Shanghai. 第一大城市是上海。2)Huanghe River is the second longest river in China.黄河是中国第二大河。4. “One of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“其中一个最”Its one of the smallest dinosaurs in history. 它是历史上其中一只最小的恐龙。 比较级和最高级练习（一）一、选择填空( ) 1.Thisboxis_thatone. A.heavythan B.soheavythan C.heavieras D.asheavyas ( ) 2Thisbookis_thatone,but_thanthatone. A.asdifficultas;expensive B.asmoredifficultas;moreexpensive C.asdifficultas;moreexpensive D.moredifficultas;asexpensive ( ) 3Ithinkthestoryisnotso_asthatone. A.interesting B.interested C.moreinteresting D.mostinteresting ( ) 4.Ithinkscienceis_thanJapanese. A.muchimportant B.important C.muchmoreimportant D.moremuchimportant ( ) 5.Thispencilis_thanthatone. A.longest B.long C.longer D.aslong ( ) 6.Mymotherisno_young. A.shorter B.longer C.little D.few ( ) 7.Thesechildrenare_thisyearthantheywerelastyear. A.moretall B.moretaller C.verytaller D.muchtaller ( ) 8.Itwasveryhotyesterday,butitis_today. A.evenhotter B.morehotter C.muchmorehot D.muchhot ( ) 9Thejacketwasso_thathedecidedtobuyit., A.much B.little C.expensive D.cheap ( ) 10Ourclassroomis_largerthantheirs. A.more B.quite C.very D.much ( ) 11Yourroomis_thanmine. A.threetimebig B.threetimesbig C.threetimesbigger D.biggerthreetimes ( ) 12Hisfatheris_thanhismother.; A.olderfouryears B.asfouryearsolder C.fouryearsolder D.biggerfouryears ( ) 13.Mathsismorepopularthan_. A.anyothersubject B.allthesubjects C.anysubject D.othersubject ( ) 14.Chinaislargerthan_inAfrica(非洲). A.anyothercountry B.othercountries C.theothercountry D.anycountry ( ) 15.Tomisstrongerthan_inhisclass. A.anyotherboyB.anyboysC.anyboyD.otherboy ( ) 16Whenspringcomes,itgets_. A.warmandwarm B.colderandcolder C.warmerandwarmer D.shorterandshorter ( ) 17.Byandby(渐渐地),_studentsinourclasslikeEnglish. A.moreandmore B.muchandmuch C.manyandmany D.lessandleast ( ) 18.Atlasthebegantocry_. A.hardandhard B.morehardandmorehard C.harderandharder D.lesshardandlessharder ( ) 19.Whenspringcomes,thedaysget_andnights_. A.short;long B.long;short C.longer;shorter D.shorter;longer ( ) 20. _Ilookatthepicture,_Ilikeit. A.Thebest;themore B.Themore;theless C.Themore;less D.More;themore 二、写出下列单词的最高级1.hot_ 2.new_ 3. clean_ 4. high_ 5. heavy_6.cold_ 7.bad_ 8.little_ 9.old_10. busy _11.thin _ 12. many _ 13. slow _ 14. delicious _15.polite_ 16.long_ 17.wide_ 18.fat _ 19.few_ 20.brightly_ 21.badly_ 22.far_ 23.quickly_ 24.happy_ 25.unhappy_ 三、用适当形式填空：1. Of the two girls, I find Lucy the _ (clever). 2. My sister is two years _ (old ) than I. 3. Johns parents have four daughters, and she is the _ (young) child. 4. The _ (cheap) bags are the not usually the best ones. 5. The boy is not so _ (interesting) as his brother. 6. Dick sings _ (well), she sings _(well) than John, but Mary sings_(well) in her class. 7. She will be much _ (happy) in her mew house. 8. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred. 9. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) asYongxian. 10. Almost all the students faces are the same but Li Deming looks _ (fat) than before . 11. Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken? 12.- How _ (tall) is Sally? - She s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? - She s only 1.40 metres _ (tall). She is much _(short) than Sally. She is also the _ (short)girl in theclass. 13. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English. 14. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 15.He is one of the_ (friendly) people in the class, I think.一、选择填空( ) 1._youcomeback,_itwillbe. A,Thequicker;thebest B.Thesooner;thebetter C.Faster;thebetter D.Thesooner;better ( ) 2.Ilike_oneofthetwobooks. A.theolderB.oldestC.theoldestD.older ( ) 3.Whichis_country,ChinaorJapan? A.thelargeB.thelargerC.largerD.largest ( ) 4.Ofthetwocups,hebought. A.thesmallerB.thesmallestC.smallD:smaller ( ) 5.Whichdoyoulike_,teaorcoffee? A.wellB.betterC.bestD.most ( ) 6.Thisworkis_formethanforyou. A.difficult B.most difficult C.muchdifficultD.moredifficult ( ) 7.Whichdoyouthinktastes_,thechickenorthefish? A.goodB.betterC.bestD.well ( ) 8.TheGreatPyramid(金字塔)isabout137metreshightoday,butitwasonce _ A.higherB.highestC.hightooD.morehigh ( ) 9.Whojumped_ofall? A.farB.fartherC.farthestD.themostfar ( ) 10. LiLeiis_studentinourclass. A.tallB.tallerC.tallestD.thetallest ( ) 11. Thefifthorangeis_ofall.Giveittothatsmallchild. A.bigB.biggerC.thebiggerD.thebiggest ( ) 12.Whois_ofyouthree? A.theoldestB.mucholderC.oldestD.older ( ) 13.Tomisoneof_boysinourclass. A.tallestB.tallerC.thetallestB.thetall ( ) 14.Beijingisoneof_inChina. A.thelargestcity B.thelargecitiesC.thelargercities D.thelargestcities ( ) 15._likeplayingfootballandwatchingTV. A.Mostboys B.Mostofthey C.Mostboy D.Moreofthey ( ) 16._ismorebeautifulthanroses. A.NootherflowerB.Noanotherflower C.NototherflowerD.Notallflowers ( ) 17.Thetreeis_inthegarden. A.thetaller B.thetallest C.tallerthanof all D.tall. ( ) 18.Marystudiesharder_inherclass. A.asanyone B.thananyothergirl C.thantheother D.thananyone( ) 19. China is _ country in the world. A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest( ) 20-Which is _ season in Beijing? -I think its autumn. A.good B.better C.best D.the best( ) 21. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _ than before. A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest( ) 22.I study English as_as my brother. A.hard B. harder C. hardest D.hardder( ) 23.She is the second _student in our class. A. tall B. taller C. tallest ( ) 24.He feels _ today than yesterday. A. tired B. more tired C. more tireder D. much tired ( ) 25. This book is _ of the two. A. thinner B. the thinner C. more thinner D. the thinnest ( ) 26. She looks _ than she does. A. the more older B. very older C. much older D. more older ( ) 27. The garden is becoming _. A. more beautiful and more B. more beautiful and beautiful C. more and more beautiful D. more beautiful and beautifuler 二、 用适当形式填空：1. A dictionary is much _ (expensive) than a story-book.2. An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.3.Miss Chen is _than Mr. Wang. (