大学英语复习题.doc

大学英语（一）复习题Directions: There are six passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. Passage 1 Who coined the term personal computer? The Oxford English Dictionary says Byte magazine used it first, in its May 1976 issue. But Yale Law School librarian Fred Shapiro decided to do some digging on his own-with help from JSTOR, an online electronic database for academic (学术的) journals. JSTORs arts and sciences archive (档案) offers scans of 5 million pages from 117 journals, some dating back 150 years. Using character-recognition software, JSTOR creates searchable files for each document (文件), allowing full-text searches across 15 academic fields. (S3) While searching for the origin of personal computer, Shapiro uncovered several competing claims. Stewart Brand, founder of Whole Earth Catalog, says on his Web site that he first referred to a personal computer in a 1974 book; and GUI pioneer Alan Kay is said to have used the term in a paper published in 1972. But a search on JSTORs general science archive turned up what Shapiro says is the earliest recorded use of personal computer, in the October 4, 1968, issue of Science. The issue contains a Hewlett-Packard advertisement for its new HP 9100A. The new Hewlett-Packard 9100A personal computer, the advertisement says, is ready, willing and able to relieve you of waiting to get on the big computer. The $4,900 device - a desktop scientific calculator equipped with magnetic cards-doesnt seem like much of a computer nowadays. And at 40 pounds, it wasnt very personal, either. But according to Shapiro, it was the first device to be called a personal computer.1. The term personal computer first appeared _.A in Byte magazine B in a Hewlett-Packard ad in ScienceC in a 1974 book D in a paper published by Alan Kay 2. What is JSTOR?AIt is an online database.BIt is an academic journal.CIt is a kind of computer software.DIt is a research organization. 3. Shapiro succeeded in his search for the origin of the term personal computer by _.Alooking into the Oxford English Dictionary Bdigging into magazines that are more than 150 years oldCscanning JSTORs general science archive on lineDocusing on academic journals such as Science4. With a HP 9100A, according to the Hewlett-Packard advertisement, you _.Acan easily get on the big computer.Bdont have to get on the big computerCcan save a lot of money.Dwill be willing and ready to do scientific work5. What do we learn from the passage about the first device that was called a personal computer?AIt looked very different from the PC we know today.BIt was small, light and easy to carry around.CIt was as efficient as a big computer.DIt relieved people of a great deal of tedious work Passage2 There are several ways of testing the intelligence (智力) of animals. In one test, some scientists put three plates on the table. While the animal watched, they put food under one of the plates. Then they took the animal away. Some time later, they brought it back to see if it remembered which plate had the food. The idea is to find out how long an animals memory can last. The scientists would try showing the plate to the animal one hour later, or two hours later, or even a full day later. They found out that chimpanzees and elephants have the best memory, and re-able to remember the correct plate for at least twenty hours. No other animal is close. Dogs come next, but they can only remember for nine hours. The scientists made a large maze (迷宫) and ran the chimpanzees and elephants through it. The maze was very difficult with many dead ends. It took the chimpanzees ten minutes to find their way out. The elephants needed half an hour. The test showed that chimpanzees are the cleverest animals. From this and other tests the scientists found out an animals intelligence depends on the size of its brain to the size of its body. The elephants brain is ten pounds, but this is only 1/600 of its body. A chimpanzees brain is about one pound, and its 1/120 of its body. So the chimpanzee has five times as much brain as the elephant more brain. 6. The first test was made to test an animals _.A. nose B. memory C. eyes D. patience 7. This passage tells us that elephants _. A. are the cleverest animals B. are cleverer than chimpanzeesC. have worse memories than dogs D. are less clever than chimpanzees 8. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Scientists have found out the secret of the intelligence of animals.B. Dogs are less useful than elephants.C. Chimpanzees and elephants have better memories than people.D. The heavier an animals brains is, the cleverer it is. 9. If an animals body is 2100poudns, and it has a 3 pound brain, it is _.A. as clever as a chimpanzee B. cleverer than an elephantC. less clever than an elephant D. as clever as an elephant 10. Which is the best title of this passage?A. Want to know about the intelligence of animalsB. The chimpanzees brainC. The elephants memoryD. Where to test animals memoryPassage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage: This story began about 10 years ago. I was coming out of a very bad marriage. For seven long years my husband spent his every waking moment telling me just what was wrong with me. When I finally asked for a divorce, he answered by telling me that I would never find anyone to love me because I was just so unattractive. This went on for about two years. One night one of my friends convinced me to go out with her. We went to a nightclub and that is when I met him. Clint was playing a game with a girl. I sat in the corner watching him. I didnt feel that I had whatever it took to get up and mix with others because of my self-esteem(自尊心) problem. Finally I got up the courage to order a drink for him. When he got it, he gave me the most dazzling(感人的) smile. We spent the rest of the evening talking until I realized that it was almost morning. I figured that he was simply being nice to me because I had bought him a drink, but the very next day he called and told me that he could not stop thinking about me and that he wanted to meet my kids too. About 3 months later, my divorce was final and Clint sat my boys down and asked them if it was all right with them if he asked me to marry him because he could not imagine life without the three of us anymore. I was so touched that he went to my boys and asked for their approval(同意) because they were the men of the house at the ripe old ages of 2 and 4. They said yes and we have all been together ever since. Clint gave me and my boys a second chance at a wonderful life. Not a day goes by that he doesnt tell us that we are the best thing that ever happened to him and that he loves us.11. The writers first marriage was unsuccessful because _.A her husband often woke her up at midnightBher husband kept criticizing herCshe was unattractiveDshe had a self-esteem problem12. When the writer asked for a divorce, her husband _.Atold her that she would never find one who loved her as he didBdelayed two years before giving her a replyCaccused her of having an affair Dsaid that she was unattractive and not worth loving 13. When the writer first met Clint, she felt that _.Ashe should have listened to her friend and met Clint earlierBClint was a nice, dazzling young manCClint could not be really interested in herDshe would find true love in Clint 14. The writer was particularly touched by Clint because _.Ahe loved the kids and asked for their approval of the marriage Bhe said that he could not imagine a life without her and the kidsChe believed that at 2 and 4, the two kids were the men of the houseDhe kept her company and talked with her until the next morning 15. The writers marriage to Clint is important to her mainly because _.Ait gave her and her sons a second chance to live a happy lifeBevery day Clint would tell the writer that he loved herCit helped her to regain her self respectDit made her kids happy, which is all she cared aboutPassage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage: At 26, Jane Goodall had no college education or science training. But since childhood, she had been dreaming of working closely with animals in Africa. All through my childhood people said you cant go to Africa. Youre a girl, Goodall says. But my mother used to say, if you really want to, theres nothing you cant do. In 1957, the 26-year-old Goodall journeyed to Kenya to work as a secretary. She also arranged to meet the famous scientist Louis Leakey, who was so impressed by her enthusiasm that he hired her as his assistant. She went with him on many trips to the African jungle(丛林) and in 1960 Leakey sent Goodall to live among chimpanzees in a remote animal preserve(禁猎地), recording the animals behavior and interactions. For three months Goodall made little progress. But she says, I never came close to giving up. Her breakthrough came one day when she saw a male chimpanzee stick a blade of grass into a termite(白蚁) hill, then put the grass in his mouth. Afterward she approached the hill and did the same. Pulling the grass out, she discovered dozens of termites clinging to it. The discovery-that some animals use tools-was unknown to most scientists at the time. Goodall saw chimpanzees exhibit human-like emotions, such as jealousy and love. But she also discovered they were capable of violent attacks against each other. Goodall received her Ph.D. in the study of animal behavior at Englands Cambridge University. Now she travels around the globe raising money to preserve wildlife. I love being in the forest with the chimps, she says. Id much rather be there than traveling around from city to city.16. What was Goodalls childhood dream?AShe dreamed of going to college.BShe dreamed of studying animals in Africa.CShe dreamed of becoming a famous scientist.DShe dreamed of traveling all around the world.17. What did Goodalls mother think of her dream?AAs a girl she should not go to the African jungle.BHer dream would remain a dream unless she got the right training.CAs a girl she should stay away from violent animals.DShe could make her dream come true if she was determined.18. Goodalls most important discovery is that _.Asome animals use tools.Blike humans animals have emotions .Cchimpanzees could attack each other violently.Dtermites are chimpanzeess favorite food.19. Goodalls success is chiefly due to _.Aher exceptional talentsBscientific trainingCdetermination and patienceDher enthusiasm and good luck20. What is Goodall doing now?AStudying animal behavior at Cambridge University.BRaising funds for the preservation of wildlife.CObserving chimpanzees in African jungles.DWorking hard for a PhD degree.Passage 5Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage: Keep an eye on Esther. Ill be back in a second, Joy Warren said to her three-year-old son Stephen, who was sitting in the back of the Buick. She didnt like leaving the children alone in the car, but the baby was sleeping soundly. And it would only be a moment. She had hardly walked 40 yards when she saw the car moving. It headed straight towards the river. Unable to swim, Joy shouted, My babies are in that car! Daniel Whitehead, a 17-year-old student, was walking by the river when the Buick crashed into the water just yards ahead. Without thinking, Daniel jumped in. Though a competitive swimmer, he was shocked by the icy chill. Two minutes earlier, Skip Womack had pulled to a halt as the Buick ran in front of him. Now seeing it hit the water and hearing Joys cries, Skip got out of his truck and jumped into the water. He had only one thought: If I dont get them out, theyll drown. Daniel reached the car and grabbed a door handle. But the water was only four inches beneath the window, and the door wouldnt open. With one powerful punch, Daniel and Skip broke a window. Daniel reached inside and lifted Stephen out. He placed him on his back and set out for shore. At the same time, Skip squeezed himself through the window. He managed to free Esther from beneath her seat belt. After he got out of the car with the baby, he held her over the water and swam toward the shore. All this took place just seconds before the Buick disappeared beneath the water. Later, driving home, Skip thought of his wife and children-how close hed come to leaving them behind. He thought of the miracle hed lived through, and how two children were still alive because he and Daniel happened to be in the right place at the right time. 21. Why did Joy leave her children in the car?AShe did not like shopping with a child in hand.BShe did not like waking up her baby.CStephen was big enough to take care of his sister.DIt was icy cold outside. 22. Daniel and Skip, who saved the lives of the two kids, _.Ahad been good friendsBwere two close friends of Joy WarrensCwere Joy Warrens neighborsDwere strangers before the accident23. How did Daniel get Stephen out of danger?AHe squeezed into the car and carried him out.BHe pulled him out through the broken window.CHe freed him from his seatbelt before he got him out.DHe held him over the water and swam back to shore.24. What happened to Joy Warrens Buick? AIt had four inches of water in it.BOne of its windows could not be opened.CIt was pulled out of water and set on the shore.DIt sank to the bottom of the river.25. How did Skip feel on his way home?AHe felt lucky to be still alive after having saved the lives of two kids.BHe missed his wife and children, whom he had left behind in the morning. CHe felt very thankful to Daniel, without whom he would not have made it.DHe wondered how he and Daniel could be in the right place at the right time.Passage 6Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage: The kids are hanging out. I pass small bands of once-and-future students on my way to work these summer mornings. These kids are not old enough for jobs. Nor are they rich enough for camp. They are school children without school. The calendar(年历) called the school year ran out on them a few weeks ago. Once looked after by teachers and headmasters, they now appear to be in self care. For much of our history, however, Americans framed the school year around the needs of work and family. In 19th-century cities, schools were open seven or eight hours a day, 11 months a year. In rural America, the year was arranged around the growing seasons. Now, only 3 percent of families follow the agricultural model, but nearly all schools are scheduled as if our children went home early to milk cows and took months off to work the crops. Now, three-quarters of the mothers of school-age children work, but the calendar is written as if they were home waiting for the school bus. The six-hour day, the 180-day school year is regarded as somehow sacred(神圣的). But when parents work an eight-hour day and a 240-day year, it means something different. It means that many kids go home to empty houses. It means that, in the summer, they hang out. We have a huge mismatch between the school calendar and the realities of family life, says educator Dr. Ernest Boyer. Dr. Boyer is one of many who believe that a radical revision of the school calendar is necessary. School, whether we like it or not, is custodial(监管的) and educational. It always has been.26. In speaking of once-and-future students, the author is referring to _.Akids too young to take a jobBschool children old enough to take care of themselvesCkids who cannot afford to go campingDschool children on summer vacation27. For a long time in American history, the school year was arranged to meet the needs of _.Aschool childrenBworking parentsCfarm handsDteachers and headmasters28. By a huge mismatch between the school calendar and the realities of family life? Dr. Boyer means the school calendar _.Ais much shorter than parents working daysBmakes it impossible for parents to live a normal lifeCallows children to hang out instead of helping their parentsDis set on the agricultural model29. From the passage we can learn that Dr. Boyer believes school should educate children and _.Amotivate themBentertain themCtake care of themDhelp their parents30. The authors main purpose in writing this passage is to drive home the point that _.AAmerican children must stop hanging out BUS kids need more school timeCthe advantages of a longer school year outweigh its disadvantagesDparents are not happy about the present school calendar31. The rainstorm has damaged the crops. The loss has not yet been _ accurately, but it is believed to be well beyond a million dollars. A) considered B) assessed C) explored D) calculated32. If nothing _, all of us will be enjoying the best musical performance in the famous Sidney Opera House by this time tomorrow, the guide told the tourists. A) is visible B) is available C) goes wrong D) messes around33. Unfortunately, those who _ the accident cannot recall what happened. Therefore the cause of the accident remains a myst