音标及基础语法讲座.docx

第一讲 对句子的认识1.十大词性n. adj. adv. v. pron. num. art. prep. conj. interj. 判断下列单词词性car hello or under an first two him they run are quickly hardly beautiful many desk the yahoo can interested2.句子成分主 谓 宾 表 定 状 补 同位语I met Tom. I drink water.I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday.3. 按句子结构划分句子简单句：只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。e.g. He often reads English in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys.并列句：由并列连词（and, but, or等）或分号（；）把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。e.g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。复合句包含：名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）定语从句（限制性定语从句、非限制性定语从句）状语从句（因、果、条件、比、时、地、方式、让步和目的）判断下列复合句属于什么从句That she will do well in her exam is certain.= It is certain that she will do well in her exam.What you said is true. Who will go is not important.The question was who could go there.China is no longer what it used to be.The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.The news that we heard on the radio was not true.I dont know when he will come back.When he comes back, Ill let you know.The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.Where there is a will, there is a way.If it doesnt rain, we will go fishing.I dont know if he will come back. If he comes back, I will let you know.4. 简单句的五种类型I promise. 主谓I love you.主谓宾My wife gives me a kiss.主谓双宾You make me happy.主谓宾宾补You are my hero. You are my angel.主系表判断下列简单句类型The baby cries loudly.The students got on the school bus.His job is to train swimmers.My grandmother always tells me a story.We should keep our classroom clean and tidy.第二讲 对于语音的认识1.国际音标I.48个音素： 28个辅音音素 20个元音音素II.拼读规则(1) /i:t/ eat 元+辅: 各读各音(2) /ti:/ tea 辅+元： 两者相拼(3) /bi:t/beat /bi:st/beast 辅+元+辅(多个)：先辅元，再顺延(4)/ 5fAmIlI/ family 多元多辅：先找元，再辅元，两两拼，重音符号是关键mum nun label noodle/m/ /n/ /l/ 在元音音素前读作:_/m/ /n/ /l/ 在元音音素后或单词末尾读作:_III.拼读小秘笈：拍手“三步走” 1.拍音-唱音节 2.轻拍-找感觉 3.重拍-拍重音开音节分为两种：辅+元 辅+元+e(不发音)绝对开音节：在重读音节中以一个元音字母结尾的词叫绝对开音节，比如：go no student title duty相对开音节：以“元音字母+辅音字母(r除外)+不发音的字母e”结尾的重读音节叫相对开音节，比如：time eve make base those开闭音节顺口溜开音节，音节开，元音字母各读各音a / eI / e / i: / i /y / aI / o / J / u / jU: / 闭音节，音节闭，元音字母读音有规律a / A / e / e / i / I / o / / u / Q / 读音规则表元音字母AaEeIi(Yy)OoUu开 音 节辅+元he/shehigo/no元+辅+enamemetefivenoseuse发音/e I /i:/aI /jU:/闭 音 节元+辅bagbedpigdogbus发音/ A / e / I / / Q /IV.火眼金睛/e/bi:/si:/di:/i:/ef/di:/et/a/de /ke/e/em/en/pi:/kjU:/:/es/ti:/jU:/vi:/dbjU:/eks/wa/zi:/第一、二讲小测试I.语音(20分)辅音：20:_3:_5:_元音：12:_8:_II.拼读下列单词(10分)/knvi:nnt/ convenient adj. 方便的 /trnset / translate v. 翻译/prvad/ provide v. 提供 /knkU:n/ conclusion n. 结论 /dvtazmnt/ n. 广告III.判断下列英文缩写代表的词性 10conj. prep. adv. v. num. art. interj. adj. n. pron.IV.判断下列简单句的类型(20分)1.He looks happy today.2.He bought a book3.He bought me a book.4.We think it easy.5.We made him monitor.6.The rubbish gave out a smelly gas.7.That country suffered a heavy loss in the flood.8.Believe it or not, he cheated in the exams.9.A friend is a treasure.父亲是财富，兄弟是安慰，朋友兼而有之。10.He ignores the doctors advice and goes on smoking.II.判断下列复合句的类型 （40分）1.What he did has added to our difficulties.2.I will stand where I can see the parade(游行) clearly.3.I will not go to her party if she doesnt invite me.4.We heard the news that our team had won.5.When you read a book, youd better take notes.6.Make marks where you have questions.7.I dont know if he will com