高考英语专题五完形填空高考命题25说明文精选题.docx

说明文A(2018甘肃高三诊断)While traveling, you might have stayed at a hotel or a family members house. But have you ever thought about staying in a strangers _1_？This might sound _2_， but its actually a trend thats becoming popular around the world, including China.Lodging rental(借宿出租) companies like Airbnb are helping people look for cheap ways to _3_. This website allows people to rent out their _4_ rooms or apartments as an alternative to _5_ in over 190 countries.Created by young American men Brian Chesky, Joe Gebbia and Nathan Blecharczyk, Airbnb is a good example of a _6_ economy. Through the Internet, people share _7_ such as cars, apartments and _8_ their expertise._9_ post information about the location, prices, descriptions and pictures. Guests can go to the _10_ and find their favorite places to stay. Users _11_ their opinions on their stay so that people know whether a place is good or not.A man in New York named Jonathan Powley even rents out his _12_ for $22 (140 yuan，) per night through Airbnb. This is no _13_ car. Powley took out the car seats and changed the _14_ to make it look more welcoming. He keeps it clean and puts flowers in it every day. He provides snacks and tells travelers where they can go and shower.But Airbnb does have some _15_. Sometimes you end up living with a stranger or it is not as _16_ as it looked like online. _17_， hosts sometimes get mad when they get home and its a complete _18_.In China, Airbnb operates in five _19_ including Beijing and Shanghai. The country has seen a major _20_ in Airbnb users in the past year.1A.office Bcamp Chome Dgarden2A.great Bamazing Cdangerous Dstrange3A.travel Bplay Cwalk Dlive4A.new Bprivate Cspare Dseparate5A.shops Bhotels Crestaurants Dhomes6A.sharing Bdifferent Cfresh Dcommercial7A.objects Brooms Cresources Dexperiences8A.still Byet Calways Deven9A.Hosts BTravelers CGuests DSellers10A.company Bwebsite Chotel Dagent11.A.show Bpost Cput Ddeliver12A.expertise Bcar seats Capartment Dtaxi13A.ordinary Bcomforable Cterrible Dspecial14A.outside Binside Csize Dshape15A.regulations Breasons Cproblems Dadvantages16A.nice Bcheap Cbad Dreal17A.Also BInstead CThough DTherefore18A.surprise Btrip Cmess Djoy19A.projects Bcities Cbusinesses Dagents20A.shift Bdrop Ctrend Dincrease答案：【语篇解读】本文介绍了爱彼迎民宿出租网站的相关信息，包括其运营方式以及存在的问题等。1C解析：第一段意为：旅行时，你可能会住在酒店或亲戚的家里，但你有没有想过住在一个陌生人的家里？根据第三段中的“rent out their _4_ rooms or apartments”可推断出，此处指陌生人的家里，故选C项。2D解析：great意为“伟大的”；amazing意为“惊人的”；dangerous意为“危险的”；strange意为“奇怪的”。根据语境可知，住在陌生人的家里听起来可能有点奇怪，故选D项。3A解析：句意：像爱彼迎这样的借宿出租公司正帮助人们寻找便宜的旅行方式。根据本文首句“While traveling，you might have stayed at a hotel or a family members house.”可知，A项符合语境。4C解析：new意为“新的”；private意为“私人的；个人的”；spare意为“闲置的”；separate意为“单独的；分开的”。根据语境可知，闲置的房子可以出租给游客住宿，故C项符合语境。5B解析：根据上文可知，人们把多余的房间或公寓出租给旅客，这替代了酒店的功能，故选B项。6A解析：sharing意为“共享的”；different意为“不同的”；fresh意为“新鲜的”；commercial意为“商业的”。根据后文的“Through the Internet，people share _7_ such as cars.”可知，爱彼迎是共享经济的一个很好的例子，故选A项。7C解析：句意：通过网络，人们共享他们的资源，如汽车、公寓，甚至是专业技能。根据“such as cars，apartments”可推断出，此处指的是资源。object意为“物体”；room意为“房间”；resource意为“资源”；experience意为“经历”。故选C项。8D解析：句意见上题解析。根据语境可知，人们可以通过网络共享汽车、公寓和专业技能，汽车和公寓是具体的，专业技能是抽象的，故此处表示递进。still意为“仍然”；yet意为“但是”；always意为“总是”；even意为“甚至”。故选D项。9A解析：host意为“主人”；traveler意为“游客”；guest意为“客人”；seller意为“卖方”。根据常识可知，在网站上发布房子的位置、价格、描述和图片的应是房屋的主人。故A项符合语境。10B解析：company意为“公司”；website意为“网站”；hotel意为“酒店”；agent意为“代理人”。根据第三段第二句“This website allows people to rent out their.”可知，游客应该去网站找到他们最喜欢的地方，故选B项。11B解析：show意为“展示”；post意为“发布”；put意为“放置”；deliver意为“递送”。根据前文和常识可知，主人在网站上发布出租房屋的信息，游客住完以后应该也是在网站上给出评价，以让大家知道一个地方是否是好住处，故选B项。12D解析：expertise意为“专业技能”； car seat意为“车座”；apartment意为“公寓”；taxi意为“出租车”。根据下文的“This is no _13_ car.”可知，出租的是一辆汽车，故选D项。13A解析：ordinary意为“普通的”；comfortable意为“舒适的”；terrible意为“糟糕的”；special意为“特殊的”。根据下文的“Powley took out the car seats and changed the _14_ to make it look more welcoming. He keeps it clean and puts flowers in it every day.”可知，车内被改造过，不是平常的车，故选A项。14B解析：根据语境可知，出租车主人拿出了座椅，所以应该是改变了车内的样子，故选B项。15C解析：regulation意为“规则；管理”；reason意为“理由”；problem意为“问题”；advantage意为“优势”。根据下文的“hosts sometimes get mad when they get home”可知，有时候会出现不愉快的情况，所以爱彼迎也存在一些问题，故选C项。16A解析：根据hosts sometimes get mad可知，此处在介绍爱彼迎存在的问题，所以有时和陌生人住在一起并不像网上看起来那么好。故A项符合语境。17A解析：also意为“也；此外”；instead意为“相反；而不是”；though意为“尽管”；therefore意为“因此”。根据语境可知，上文在举例说明，此处为所举的另一个例子，前后为并列关系，故选A项。18C解析：surprise意为“惊喜”；trip意为“旅行”；mess意为“凌乱”；joy意为“乐趣”。根据上文中hosts sometimes get mad可知，主人心情不愉快，故C项符合语境。19B解析：project意为“项目”；city意为“城市”；business意为“公司；企业”；agent意为“代理人”。北京和上海都是城市，故选B项。20D解析：shift意为“转变”；drop意为“下降”；trend意为“潮流；趋势”；increase意为“增长”。根据第二段的“its actually a trend thats becoming popular around the world, including China”可推断出，爱彼迎目前很流行，其在中国的运营范围包括了北京和上海在内的五个城市，所以此处指用户增加，故选D项。B(2018衡水中学高三九模)As a child, I was always told to “eat my greens”These were the unappealing vegetables that sat on the edge of my plate. Peas, and green beans, all looked and tasted _1_. Lets face it, when there were so many other delicious treats to _2_， why eat boring vegetables?Since then my taste buds have _3_ and Im also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables. But we still need _4_ of the amazing goodness these green super foods give us. In the UK, a campaign has been _5_ for several years to encourage us to eat our “5A Day”five portions of fruit and vegetables. Thats _6_ evidence has shown there are significant health _7_ to getting at least five 80g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day.But I struggle trying to fit these five portions into my daily _8_， partly because I have a sweet _9_ and vegetables are, well, tasteless. Researchers have been _10_ how to make eating vegetables more _11_. They analysed the psychology behind our food _12_ and found that most of us are _13_ by taste. Brad Turnwald from Stanford University says that “studies show that people _14_ to think of healthier options as less tasty for some reason”In Europe, a project called VeggieEAT has also been trying to find ways to get people to _15_ more vegetables.Project leader, Professor Heather Hartwell believes in _16_ encouraging people into eating the right things. One idea has been to put a _17_ of a tasty looking fruit on a supermarket trolley as a _18_ about buying something from the fruit store after looking at the image. She says，“Choice is a really _19_ thing. But making vegetables look attractive will increase their sales.”Certainly, eating “twisted citrusglazed carrots” does sound tempting, even if it just _20_ like a carrot, but if it makes us eat more vegetables then that can only be a good thing for our health.1A.disgustingB.deliciousCripen Dsweet2A.buy BprepareCoffer Denjoy3A.appeared BdevelopedCexisted Dshrank4A.reminding BinformingCwarning Dtalking5A.planning BaimingCrunning Dintending6A.why BhowCwhen Dbecause7A.needs BbenefitsCissues Drisks8A.diet BeducationCwork Dexercise9A.tendency BpreferenceCtooth Dappetite10A.showing BdiscoveringCreporting Dstudying11A.appropriate BattractiveCbeneficial Dindependent12A.choices BvaluesCwastes Djudgments13A.confused BdisturbedCmotivated Dchallenged14A.manage BdecideCagree Dtend15A.grow BeatCstore Dharvest16A.slowly BsuddenlyCfirmly Dseriously17A.variety BlotCpicture Dnumber18A.sign BconcernCclue Dhint19A.easy BcomplexCquick Dcasual20A.looks BsmellsCtastes Dfeels答案：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。吃蔬菜对健康有益，这是一个众人皆知的道理。然而，我们有时候会因为偏爱其他食物的口味而不愿意吃蔬菜。本文介绍了一项旨在提倡人们多吃蔬菜的研究，并介绍了一些商家用来吸引顾客购买蔬菜的销售技巧。1A解析：考查词义辨析。根据上文中的“the unappealing vegetables”和本段最后一句中的“boring vegetables”可知，长相令人厌恶的豌豆和青豆很难吃。disgusting意为“令人厌恶的”，符合语境。delicious美味的；ripen(使)成熟；sweet甜的，均与语境不符。故选A项。2D解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“why eat boring vegetables”可知，有那么多美食可以享受，为什么还吃那些难吃的蔬菜呢？enjoy意为“享受”，符合语境。buy买；prepare准备；offer提供，均与语境不符。故选D项。3B解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“Im also fully aware of the health benefits of eating fresh vegetables”可知，作者充分认识到了吃新鲜蔬菜对健康的益处；由此可推知，作者的味蕾发生了变化。develop意为“变化，发展”，符合语境。appear出现；exist存在；shrink缩小，均与语境不符。故选B项。4A解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“the amazing goodness these green super foods give us”可知，作者认为我们仍需记得这些绿色超级食品给我们的身体带来的惊人益处。remind意为“记起，使想起”，符合语境。inform通知；warn警告；talk谈论，均与语境不符。故选A项。5C解析：考查动词辨析。根据主语“a campaign”和下文中的“for several years”可知，宣传活动已经举办好几年了。run持续，符合语境。plan计划；aim目的是；intend打算，均与语境不符。故选C项。6D解析：考查词义辨析。根据语境可知，本句是解释举办宣传活动的原因。故选D项。7B解析：考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“getting at least five 80g portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables every day”和常识可知，每天至少食用5份80克的水果和蔬菜会对健康有很大益处。benefit益处，符合语境。need需要；issue问题；risk风险，均与语境不符。故选B项。8A解析：考查名词辨析。根据语境可知，作者在努力把这5份果蔬纳入到自己的日常饮食中。diet意为“饮食”，符合语境。education教育；work工作，exercise练习，均与语境不符。故选A项。9C解析：考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“vegetables are，well，tasteless”可知，作者喜欢吃甜食，觉得蔬菜无味。have a sweet tooth是一个常用俚语，意为“喜欢甜食”。tendency趋势；preference喜好；appetite食欲，胃口，均与语境不符。故选C项。10D解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“analysed”和“found”可知，此处指研究人员一直在做研究。study意为“研究”，符合语境。show展示；discover发现；report报道，均与语境不符。故选D项。11B解析：考查形容词辨析。根据下文内容可知，研究人员一直在研究如何让吃蔬菜更具吸引力。attractive意为“有吸引力的”，符合语境。appropriate合适的；beneficial有益的；independent独立的，均与语境不符。故选B项。12A解析：考查名词辨析。根据下文中的“by taste”可知，研究人员分析了我们选择食物时的心理，发现大部分人都是受味道的驱使。choice选择，符合语境。value价值；waste垃圾，废物；judgement判断，均与语境不符。故选A项。13C解析：考查动词辨析。根据下文中的“by taste”及语境可知，研究