2019版高考英语复习Unit15Learning课时练北师大版必修5.docx

Unit 15Learning课时练(一)阅读理解提速练练速度(限时：35分钟).阅读理解A(2018杭州高三教学质量检测) “I never knew before，Cecil，that you were so fond of drawing，”said Aunt Sophia，as she looked over the shoulder of her nephew，who was busy with his pencil.“You really have made great progress.” “I need to do so，”cried Cecil，“if I am to carry off the prize for drawing, as I am determined to do this term.” “I should have thought，”said the aunt，“that you had little chance against Lee. He is an artists son，and has used the pencil from his cradle(摇篮)” “That will double the pleasure of beating him！” cried Cecil.“Im working now at this four hours a day；he never draws more than two.” “You are not neglecting(忽视)your Latin for it, I hope? You have had the Latin prize every term for these three years past，”said Aunt Sophia. “Yes，”replied Cecil，with a proud smile，“there is no boy in our class who can match me in that，though Russell is now working hard. But I am not content with one prize：I cannot rest till I have won the paintbox for drawing，of which Tom Lee makes so sure.It would be glorious to beat the son of an artist on his own ground！” “Take care，”said his aunt，“that you do not lose the Latin prize in trying for what you are not likely to gain.” On the evening of the day on which the names of the prizewinners were read out，Cecil came home from school longfaced. His looks told his aunt enough to make her spare him the pain of questions；but his little sister Rosey was not so thoughtful. “Cecil，”she cried，“tell me，are you to get the two prizes？” “No，not even one. I was so busy trying to beat Lee that I could not hold my ground against Russell.”Cecil threw himself into a sofa in an angry mood. Their aunt silently hoped that the lesson might prove worth the pain which it cost.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Cecil因为贪心而失掉两个奖项的故事。Cecil一心想要获得两个奖项，将大部分时间都用在了得奖希望并不大的绘画上，反而忽略了自己原本有把握得奖的拉丁语，结果在两个比赛中都以失败告终。1What made Cecil keep practicing drawing?AHis interest in drawing.BHis desire to win the prize.CLees being the son of an artist.DRussells working hard on Latin.解析：B细节理解题。本题问的是，是什么让Cecil一直练习画画。由“I need to do so，”cried Cecil.“if I am to carry off the prize for drawing，as I am determined to do this term.”(第二段)Cecil大声说道：“这学期我决心获得绘画奖，想要做到这一点，我就需要这样去做。”可知，他想要获奖的欲望让他这样做。故选B。2Which of the following words best describes Aunt Sophia?AConsiderate. BStrict.CDetermined. DOptimistic.解析：A推理判断题。本题问的是下列哪个词能最恰当地描述Sophia阿姨。根据“His looks told his aunt enough to make her spare him the pain of questions；but his little sister Rosey was not so thoughtful.(倒数第四段最后一句)看到Cecil的表情，Sophia阿姨就知道什么都不用问了；但他妹妹Rosey可就没那么体贴了。”可推知，Sophia阿姨很体贴。故选A。3Why did Cecil fail to win any prizes?AHe didnt put in enough time.BHe had no talent.CHe was too ambitious.DHe was too tired.解析：C推理判断题。本题问的是为什么Cecil一个奖都没有获得。通读全文可知，Cecil一心想要击败Tom Lee，获得两个奖，所以他下工夫练习画画，而疏于练习自己原本很擅长的拉丁语，最终两个奖都与其无缘。由此可推断出Cecil失败主要是因为野心太大而高估了自己的能力。故选C。B(2018云南省第二次统一检测)Half of primary schools will adopt the traditional Chinese method of maths teaching in a Government drive to stop British youngsters from falling behind their_Asian_counterparts.Youngsters in the UK are way behind those in China, Singapore and Japan in numeracy (计算能力). In the latest PISA (Programme for International Student Assessment) tests for 15yearolds, Shanghai came top in maths while the UK came 26th.The school will give up “childcentred” styles and instead return to repetition, drills and “chalk and talk” wholeclass learning. Primary school children will be taught “Shanghai maths” as British schools copy Chinese teaching methods to improve standards. So far 140 teachers have been trained in the approach.Currently, classes are often divided into groups based on ability. Critics blame the British teaching styles that focused on applying maths to reallife situations in an effort to make the subject more interesting. They say this has led to confusion and stopped children learning the basics. Under the Governments new plans, children as young as five will have drills to practise sums and exercises, and must master each concept before moving to the next.Nick Gibb, the schools minister, said that training will be provided for 8 000 primary schools half the countrys total to switch to the Shanghai “mastery” approach.“We are seeing a renaissance (复兴) in maths teaching in this country, with good ideas from around the world helping to cheer up our classrooms，” he said.【语篇解读】本文是一则新闻报道。英国半数小学课堂将推行中国传统的数学教学模式来提高孩子们的数学计算能力，以防止英国青少年在数学上落后于亚洲同龄人。4The underlined words “their Asian counterparts” in Paragraph 1 refer to _.Athe weak pupils in AsiaBthe young students in AsiaCthe primary schools in AsiaDthe maths teachers in Asia解析：B指代判断题。根据第一段中的“British youngsters”可知，此处指英国政府将在半数英国小学课堂推行中国传统的数学教学法，以防止英国少年落后于亚洲同龄人。由此可推断出，画线部分指的是Asian youngsters，即亚洲的少年们。5Which of the following is an approach of “Shanghai maths”？AChildren can choose to learn what interests them.BChildren are given different work based on their ability.CChildren are taught in groups rather than as an entire class.DChildren are required to master a concept before they progress.解析：D细节理解题。由“. and must master each concept before moving to the next.”可知，“上海数学”要求孩子们在学习更深一层的知识之前一定要掌握每一个概念。6Recently, some British maths teachers have been trained to _.Aincrease the difficulty levelBconduct “childcentred” classesCguide students to repeat and drillDmeet the needs of smart students解析：C推理判断题。根据“The school will give up childcentred styles and instead return to repetition, drills and chalk and talk wholeclass learning.”并结合第三段最后一句可推知，一些英国数学老师接受培训是为了指导学生重复、训练。7What is Nick Gibbs attitude toward the new teaching style?ASupportive. BDoubtful.CCautious. DNegative.解析：A观点态度题。由“We are seeing a renaissance (复兴) in maths teaching in this country, with good ideas from around the world helping to cheer up our classrooms，” he said.可推知，Nick Gibb非常支持这种新的教学模式。C(2018太原模拟)“Stop all the rushing and screaming：too much excitement is bad for families. Kids are missing out on an essential liferelaxed down time，”says Dr.Charlotte Reznick. “Parents work，and kids do scheduled activitiestheres little family time without pressure，”says Reznick.“One parent is taking the son to a soccer game，and the other parent is taking the daughter to her swim meet. Then theres art class，baseball practice，extra tutoring，and more！By the time the family meet up for dinner，everyone is exhausted.” All the rushing makes for a short temper.“When parents are reduced to shouting at their children to get them to listen，they lower their own selfesteem as well as losing the respect of their children，”says Dr.Carl Pickhardt.“While parents think it shows theyre serious about what theyre saying，they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way.” These days what kids are learning at school and from the outside is a lot greater than it used to be even just a generation ago. “The problem is that stressrelieving activitiesreading，taking walks or hot baths，watching the sunset and other activities are not even part of most kids experience any more，”says Reznick. “There are so many more socialinteraction opportunities in our computer age，but not all of them promote meaningful connections，which is another potential outlet for stress，”she says. One way to relieve stress is a simple technique called “the balloon breath”. Its a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react. Heres how to do it. Imagine a deflated(未充气的)balloon in your stomachabout two to three inches below your navel(肚脐)Slowly breathe in to a count of 1.2.3.and feel the lower belly expand，and flatten as you slowly breathe out to a count of 1.2.3.【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，主要论述了家长教育孩子的策略：不要让孩子有太大压力，不要过度训斥孩子，发现矛盾应当平心静气地与孩子交流，这样才能取得良好的教育效果。8What can we infer from the second paragraph?AKids can hardly enjoy family time due to heavy burdens.BSaturday is the only leisurely day of the week for kids.CThe life of kids is becoming rich due to extra classes.DParents have no time on weekends to care for their kids.解析：A推理判断题。根据“Parents work，and kids do scheduled activitiestheres little family time without pressure，”says Reznick.(第二段第一句)Reznick说：“父母要工作，孩子们按时参加活动几乎没有放松的家庭时间。”和第二段内容可推知，由于负担沉重，孩子们几乎享受不到一家人的欢聚时刻。故A项正确。9What does Dr.Carl Pickhardt think of parents when they yell?AThey have no selfconfidence.BThey take what they say seriously.CThey are always behaving like children.DThey are less respected and seem desperate.解析：D细节理解题。根据“When parents are reduced to shouting at their children to get them to listen，they lower their own selfesteem as well as losing the respect of their children，” says Dr.Carl Pickhardt.(第三段第二句) Carl Pickhardt 博士说：“当父母沦落到大声训斥他们的孩子以引起孩子的注意时，他们便降低了他们自己的自尊，也失去了孩子对他们的尊重。”和“While parents think it shows theyre serious about what theyre saying，they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way.”(第三段最后 一句)译文：“尽管父母认为这样做表明了他们所说的话很严肃，但是他们的行为实际上说明了他们自己的无助和绝望。”可知，当父母对孩子大声训斥时，他们看起来很绝望，也得不到孩子的尊重。故D项正确。10What is the function of“the balloon breath”according to the seventh paragraph?ATo make one cool down.BTo test ones patience.CTo raise ones awareness.DTo fill a balloon with air.解析：A细节理解题。根据“Its a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react.(第七段最后一句)这是一个能让所有人都冷静下来的好方法，这样一来他们就能体贴地做出回应，而不是仅仅给出反应。”可知“the balloon breath”的作用是让人冷静下来。故A项正确。11What is the purpose of the author writing this passage?ATo tell educators to be patient.BTo advise parents not to make life too stressful for kids.CTo encourage kids to pursue creativity.DTo show that kids need patience and love from their parents.解析：B写作意图题。通读全文可知，“Stop all the rushing and screaming：too much excitement is bad for families.(第一段第一句)停止所有的仓促行事和尖叫：过度兴奋对家庭有害。”为本文主题句；根据关键句并结合下文内容可知，本文主要论述了家长教育孩子的策略：不要让孩子有太大压力，不要过度训斥孩子，发现矛盾应当平心静气地与孩子交流。据此可以判断，本文旨在建议父母在生活中不要给孩子太大压力。故B项正确。D(2018海口调研)Students at Harvard this term have been doing something for the first time in the universitys long history. They promise not to cheat，or more specifically，to sign up to an honor code in which they promise to stick to values of academic integrity(学术诚信)It means students at the wellknown US university have to promise not to cheat in exams. Brett Flehinger，a professor at Harvard，says students now write their own “personal response” to the honor code before starting term，repeat their promise when registering and then again before taking exams. Harvards adoption of an honor code follows a widelyknown cheating event in 2012.On one exam paper，more than a hundred students were investigated and about 70 later faced punishment. An annual survey was conducted by the student newspaper，the Harvard Crimson.The survey，based on a sample of more than 70% of new students，also asked about cheating.It found 9% admitted to having cheated in an exam. There were others who had cheated in homework，academic work and other assignments. So will students be stopped from cheating by a promise? A study published in October by the US National Bureau of Economic Research found“strong evidence”of cheating from at least 10% of students.“It is not surprising that students cheatthey have enough reasons to do so，and the likelihood of getting caught is low，”concluded the study.“What is perhaps more surprising，is that so little effort is devoted to catching cheating students.” Would an honor code make a difference? Sir Cary Cooper，a professor at Manchester Business School，says，“I dont think it actually stops the cheating that much.A university will have it because it gives specific moral guidance about what is incorrect behavior.”【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文。哈佛大学为了防止学生在考试中作弊，在注册和考试前让学生签署诚信守则，以此来提升学术诚信度。12Whats the main purpose of Harvards honor code?ATo spread knowledge.BTo prevent students cheating in exams.CTo punish students cheating in exams.DTo introduce results of failing in the exams.解析：B细节理解题。根据“It means students at the wellknown US university have to promise not to cheat in exams.(第一段第三句)这意味着美国著名大学的学生必须保证考试不作弊。”及第一段内容可知，哈佛大学的诚信守则的主要目的是防止学生考试作弊。故选B。13What made Harvards honor code appear?AThe survey by the Harvard Crimson.BA lot of Harvards students suggestions.CThe influence from the other US universities.DA number of Harvards students cheating in exams.解析：D细节理解题。根据“Harvards adoption of an honor code follows a widelyknown cheating event in 2012.(第三段第一句)在2012年一起众所周知的考试作弊事件后，哈佛大学采用诚信守则制度。”及第三段内容可知，作弊事件迫使哈佛大学采用诚信守则制度。故选D。14What do we know about the new students of Harvard?ANobody admitted having cheated in exams.BSome of them cheated in academic work.CAll of them cheated on homework.DThey didnt cheat in exams.解析：B细节理解题。根据“There were others who had cheated in homework, academic work and other assignments.(第四段最后一句)其他人承认在家庭作业、学术作业和其他作业中作弊过。”及第四段内容可知，一些哈佛新生曾在学术作业中作弊过。故选B。15What may be the best title for the text?AStudents at Harvard are learning to behave honestly in examsBHarvard is working on the exam paper about cheatingCHarvard forces students to follow the honor codeDStudents at Harvard are tired of cheating in exams解析：A标题概括题。本文主要介绍哈佛大学为了防止学生在考试中作弊，采用了诚信守则制度，因此A项“哈佛学生正学习在考试中诚信”适合做标题。故选A。.七选五(2018豫南九校评估)You may have grown up living with sisters and brothers, or this may be your first time sharing your living space with someone else. _1_ However, it can also be a great part of your college experience. Follow these tips to make sure you and your roommate keep things pleasant and supportive throughout the year.Be clear from the beginning.Maybe you hate it when someone interrupts you when you are sleeping every morning. Maybe you need ten minutes to yourself before talking to anyone after you wake up. _2_ Its not fair to expect him or her to pick up on them right away, and communicating what you need is one of the best ways to get rid of problems before they become problems._3_This may seem simple, but its probably one of the biggest reasons why roommates experience conflicts. Dont you think hell mind if you borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game? For all you know, you just stepped over the line. Dont borrow, use, or take anything without getting permission first.Be open to change.You should expect to learn and grow and change during your time at school. _4_ As the term progresses, realize things will change for both of you. Be comfortable settling things that unexpectedly come up, setting new rules, and being flexible to your changing environment.Follow the golden rule._5_ No matter what your relationship is at the end of the year, you can take comfort in knowing you acted like an adult and treated your roommate with respect.ARespect your roommates things.BLet your roommate know about your preferences.CTreat your roommate like youd like to be treated.DLiving with a roommate is really a wonderful thing.EHaving a roommate surely has its challenges.FYou should correct your bad habits first.GAnd the same should happen to your roommate, if all goes well.【语篇解读】本文介绍了如何和大学室友保持良好的关系。1解析：E设空前提到这可能是你第一次和别人分享自己的生活空间，空后的However表示转折，提到这可能也是你大学经历中很棒的一部分，因此，E项(有一个室友一定会有挑战)符合语境。2解析：B根据本段标题Be clear from the beginning.(从一开始就要说清楚)及设空后的communicating what you need is one of the best ways可知，与室友沟通，告诉他们你的需求是处理问题的最好方式，故B项(让室友了解你的偏好)符合语境。3解析：A根据设空下的borrow his shoes for a quick soccer game以及Dont borrow, use, or take anything without getting permission first.可判断出，使用室友的东西前要得到允许。故A项(尊重室友的东西)符合语境。4解析：G根据此段的标题Be open to change.可知，要乐于接受改变；再根据设空后的things will change for both of you可知，同样的情况也会发生在你室友身上。故G项符合语境。5解析：C根据设空后的. you can take comfort in knowing. and treated your roommate with respect.可知，如果你能像一个成年人一样，尊重室友，你会感到欣慰。故C项(像你想被对待的那样去对待你的室友)符合语境。课时练(二)英语知识运用板块练练准度(限时：25分钟).完形填空(2018安徽师大附中高三阶段性测试)This is a story about a student, who kept a diary filled with private memories. Some were _1_ memories from childhood when he felt hurt, confused, lonely and insecure. He had _2_ fragments (片段) of dreams and personal _3_ of anger and hatred, as well as things he _4_ such as magic shops, coin dealers and Christmas reunion.Then a _5_ thing happened. After dinner one night he realized that he had _6_ his diary in the dining hall outside the campus. He was afraid that someone might _7_ it and find out the truth about him, so he _8_ back from the campus, only to find that it was gone.Weeks passed, and eventually he gave up the_9_ of ever finding it again. A month later, he was hanging up his jacket in the same place _10_ he saw his old brown diary, just where he had left it. _11_ he flicked (快速浏览) through the pages and found that a stranger had written this entry：“God bless you. I am a lot like you, only I dont keep a diary. I am _12_ to know there are others like me. I hope things _13_ well for you.”Tears came to his eyes. He had never _14_ that someone could know his inner feelings and also feel things just like the _15_ he did.So whether you are rich or poor, brilliant or _16_， attractive or plain, there are people like you. One of the most deadly _17_ we have is that we are not satisfying others. Perhaps you feel you wont impress others _18_ they are more confident, successful, intelligent or attractive than you. Such _19_ is misguided. Get rid of your fears of not measuring up, and _20_ yourself as you are.【语篇解读】本