2014届高三新人教版英语一轮总复习质量过关检测必修四Units1～2含详解.doc

必修四Units 12质量过关检测本卷分第卷(选择题)和第卷(非选择题)两部分。共150分。时间：120分钟。第卷(选择题共115分)第一部分：听力(满分30分)略第二部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D、四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。21(2013杭州市一检)In the past three decades，_ significant advance has been made in _ modern agriculture.Aa；不填 Bthe；a C不填；the Da；a答案：A考查冠词。句意：在过去的三十年里，现代农业已经取得了明显的进步。第一空表示泛指；第二空agriculture是不可数名词，此处不表特指，所以不加冠词。22(2013池州市期末)One of Mo Yans works, Red Sorghum(红高粱)，_ made into movie, got the 38th Berlin International Festivals Golden Bear Award.Athat was B.which is Cwhich was D.which were答案：C考查非限制性定语从句和主谓一致。句意：莫言的作品之一红高粱被拍成电影，获得了第38届柏林国际电影节的金熊奖。此处是非限制性定语从句，所以引导词用which不用that；再由主句“got”可知，时态用一般过去时；句子的先行词是Red Sorghum，所以应该用单数。23(2013安徽毫州摸底)If our time is usefully employed, it will _ some useful and important products.Aturn out B.refer to Clook up D.carry on答案：A考查动词短语。句意：如果很好地利用我们的时间，那么就能生产出一些重要的、有用处的产品。由句意可知，选turn out，意为“生产”。refer to“查阅”；look up“查阅，向上看”；carry on“继续，坚持”。24(2013贵州省六校联盟第一次联考)Its the end of the month and I can hardly make ends meet. _， I would buy you a good gift for your birthday.AIf anyB.If not CIf everD.If so答案：B考查短语。句意：到月底了，我几乎入不敷出了。如果不是入不敷出的话，我就会给你买件好的生日礼物了。25(2013宜春市五校联考)Unfortunately, all the equipment, the computers and printers included, _ in the big earthquake.Awas damaged Bwere damaged Chas been damaged Dhave been damaged 答案：A考查主谓一致。句意：不幸地是，所有的设备，包括计算机和打印机都在地震中遭到了破坏。句子的主语是all the equipment，所以用单数；再由句意可知，应该用一般过去时。26(2013淄博市期末)Mo Yans writing has _ him a large audience, not only in China but overseas.Adeserved BexpandedCadmitted D.gained答案：D考查动词。句意：莫言的作品为他赢得了很多读者，不仅国内有，国外也有。gain“赢得，获得”；deserve“值得”；expand“扩张，膨胀”；admit“承认”。27(2013桂林市一调)When you introduce me to Mr. Johnson, could you please say _ for me?Aeverything BsomethingCanything Dnothing答案：B考查代词。句意：当你把我介绍给约翰逊先生时，你能否为我说点好话？28(2013盐城市摸底)_ tablet computers like Apples iPad just before bed, a research says recently, can lead to poor nights sleep.AUsing BUsed CTo use DUse答案：A考查非谓语动词。句意：有个研究者说在睡前使用平板电脑像Apples iPad可能会导致晚上睡眠质量不好。从句子结构看出缺主语，using 在这充当主语。29(2013盐城市摸底)Not until he got to the classroom _ he had left his books in the dormitory.AMartin realizedBrealized Martin Cdid Martin realize Dhad Martin realized答案：C考查倒装句。Not until放在句首时，句子用部分倒装；再由时态一致原则可知用一般过去时；所以答案选C。否定词not, seldom, hardly, little等在句首，引导主句部分倒装。30(2013豫南九校联考)Because of pollution，the days are gone _ local villagers bathed in the river every summer.Aif Bwhen Cwhich Dsince答案：B考查定语从句。句意：因为污染，每年夏天当地村民到河里洗澡的日子一去不复返了。先行词是the days，定语从句_ local villagers bathed in the river every summer部分缺少时间状语，所以选择关系副词when。31(2013贵州省六校联盟第一次联考)Shall I help you with your suitcase, lady?Thanks a lot. _.AIf you like B.Of course you canCThat couldnt be better D.Its up to you答案：C考查交际英语。由答语“Thanks a lot”可知，第二个人同意对方的帮助，所以选C项，意为“那再好不过了”。32(2013合肥市第一次质检)It is difficult for children to change their eating habit later in life. _，parents should encourage healthy eating from an early age.AOtherwise B.Therefore CBesides D.However答案：B考查副词。句意：在以后的人生中要儿童改变他们的饮食习惯是很困难的。因此，父母应该鼓励孩子从小养成健康的饮食习惯。therefore“因此，所以”符合句意；otherwise“否则”；besides“而且”；however“然而”。33(2013昆明市高三摸底调测)To celebrate your birthday, I made the cake on my own.Thank you. I _ try some of it.Amust BmayCcan Dmight答案：A考查情态动词。句意：为庆祝你的生日，我自己做了个蛋糕。谢谢。我一定要尝尝。由句意可知，选must，意为“必须，一定”。34(2013嘉兴市基础测试)Do you have any idea _ it takes to successfully reach the top of Mount Everest?AwhetherBhow CwhichDwhat答案：D考查名词性从句。句意：你知道成功攀登上珠峰需要什么吗？takes后缺少宾语，所以选起双重作用的what。35(2013长春市一调)He is, how shall I _， not exactly fat but rather wellbuilt.Aput it B.make itCmean it D.get it答案：A考查短语动词。句意：我该怎么说呢，他不是胖而是身强体壮。本题的四个短语都是固定用法。put it“说”； make it“成功做到”； mean it“我是认真的”； get it“了解”；故选A。第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(2013东城区第二次联考)I became a gardener when I was twelve. My early _36_ of gardening may not have originated from my love for nature. It was to _37_ my parents.At that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. But my mother often looked with _38_ at this work of natural art. Those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish to her, “something else to _39_！” Seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father even thought it a waste of time.At that age, I always did something _40_ to whatever my parents did! If gardening were something they found _41_， I would plant a garden!I planted some lily(百合花)seeds in the yard. But they failed to _42_. I continued to plant sunflower seeds and roses. Wild _43_ joy, I found the first rose bloom(开花). One by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off. _44_， I was touched by this land of wonder._45_， my parents showed no interest in my garden. My father even _46_ at me because he found it was _47_ to move around my garden to the driveway. To my mothers _48_， I put in her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds _49_ flowers.Regardless of their _50_， I kept on planting my garden and _51_ to enjoy the pleasure gardening. Plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they _52_ to care and love.It has been many years since I made my first garden out of my desire to _53_ my parent. Today I become known as Mrs. Greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very _54_. And now I could say it is my affection for _55_ that makes me a real gardener. 文章大意：作者一开始侍弄花草是出于对父母的逆反心理。但是在侍弄花草过程中，那种对大自然的爱使作者选择了园艺业作为自己的职业。36A.memoryB.dreamCintention D.design 答案：C我早期想从事园艺业的“打算”可能不是来自于对大自然的爱。intention“意图，打算”；memory“记忆”；dream“梦想”；design“设计”。37A.please B.change Chelp D.annoy答案：D本来是想“气气”我父母的。annoy“使恼怒，使生气”；please“使高兴”；change“改变”；help“帮助”。38A.doubt Bappreciation Csurprise D.excitement答案：A由空前的But可知，母亲对这棵枫树持贬义态度。所以选doubt，意为：母亲经常怀疑地看着这大自然的鬼斧神工。39A.collect upB.care about Cclean up D.come in答案：C那金黄的树叶在她眼里就是垃圾。所以填clean up，意为“清扫”。collect up“搜集，整理”；care about“在意”；come in“进来”。40A.equal BsimilarCsuperior D.opposite答案：D那时，我老是做与父母亲做的事情“相反的”事情。opposite“对立的”；equal“平等的”；similar“相似的”；superior“高级的”。41A.painful B.valuable CupsettingD.interesting答案：C既然他们觉得园艺业是“令人不快的”，那么我就种一个花园。upsetting“令人不快的”；painful“痛苦的”；valuable“有价值的”；interesting“令人感兴趣的”。42A.come up B.break out Chold on D.get through答案：A我撒了一些百合花的种子，但是它们没有“发芽”。come up“发芽”；break out“爆发”；hold on“坚持”；get through“通过，完成”。43A.to B.with Cin D.by答案：Bwild with joy“欣喜若狂”。发现第一朵玫瑰开花时，我“欣喜若狂”。44A.Luckily B.Cheerfully CRegularly D.Eventually答案：D“最终”我被土地的神奇打动了。eventually“最终，最后”；luckily“幸运地”；cheerfully“高兴地”；regularly“定期地”。45A.Instead B.However CTherefore D.Besides答案：B“然而”我的父母对我的花园不感兴趣。instead“代替，反而”；however“然而”；therefore“因此”；besides“而且”。46A.shoutedB.laughed Cglanced D.jumped答案：A父亲甚至“骂我”因为他发现把我的花园移到车行道上很“麻烦”。shout at“斥责，骂人”；laugh at“嘲笑”；glance at“瞥人一眼”；jump at“批评某人”。47A.convenient B.troublesome Cenjoyed D.dangerous答案：Btroublesome“令人麻烦的”；convenient“方便的”；enjoyed“喜欢的”；dangerous“危险的”。48A.sadness B.displeasure Cdelight D.relief答案：B令母亲“不快”的是，我把真玫瑰插在了她的花瓶里。displeasure“不快”；sadness“悲伤”；delight“高兴”；relief“欣慰”。49A.other than B.more than Crather than D.less than 答案：C在母亲看来，真玫瑰是草“而不是”花。rather than“而不是”；other than“除之外”；more than“不仅仅是”；less than“少于”。50A.dislike B.encouragement Cthreat D.suggestion答案：A不顾父母的“不快”，我继续种花园，“继续”享受种花园的快乐。dislike“不快，不喜欢”；encouragement“鼓励”；threat“威胁”；suggestion“建议”。51A.decided Bstopped Ccontinued D.struggled 答案：C见上题解析。continue“继续”；decide“决定”；stop“停止”；struggle“挣扎，奋斗”。52A.devote B.turn Crespond D.lead答案：C植物会呼吸，会开花，会对人们的爱和关心“做出回应”。respond“响应”；devote“奉献”；turn“转变”；lead“领路”。53A.defeat B.satisfy Crespect D.challenge答案：D我第一次侍弄花草是出于“挑战”父母的意思。challenge“挑战”；defeat“打败”；satisfy“使满足”；respect“尊敬”。54A.proud Bcomfortable Cstrange Ddisappointed答案：A现在，我从事园艺业让父母感到非常“骄傲”。proud“骄傲的”；comfortable“舒服的”；strange“奇怪的”；disappointed“令人失望的”。55A.freedom B.life Cgrowth D.nature 答案：D现在我可以说是对“大自然”的爱让我从事了园艺业。第三部分：阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A(2013宿迁市一模)Almost anyone who has read a travel brochure about Africa has heard of elephants getting drunk from the fruit of the marula tree. It is said that elephants can get drunk by eating the fermented (发酵) fruit rotting on the ground. Books have even been written to prove the truth of the phenomenon.But a study published in the journal Physiological and Biochemical Zoology tells a very different story.Steve Morris, a biologist at the University of Bristol in England and an author of the study, says there is nothing in the biology of either the African elephant or the marula fruit to support the stories. Morris says, “People just want to believe in drunken elephants.”The marula tree, a member of the same family as the mango, grows widely in Africa. Its sweet, yellow fruit is used for making jam, wine and beer. “The first mistake of the drunkenelephant theory is that its unlikely that an elephant would eat the fruit if it were rotten，” Morris says. “Elephants eat the fruit right off the tree, not when its rotten on the ground，” he explains. Other experts add that if an elephant were to eat the fruit on the ground, it wouldnt wait for the fruit to ferment. Michelle Gadd, an African wildlife specialist, says that elephants and many other animals, including birds and monkeys, are too fond of marula fruit to let it rot. If fermented fruit on the ground is out of the question, so is the notion that the fruit could ferment in the stomach of elephants, according to the study authors. Food takes between 12 and 46 hours to pass through an elephants digestive system, the authors point out, which is not enough for the fruit to ferment. Supposing that this happened, its still highly improbable that the food would produce enough alcohol to make an elephant drunk. Through calculations of body weight, elephant digestion rates, and other factors, the authors conclude that it would take about 1.9 litres of ethanol(乙醇) to make an elephant drunk.文章大意：marula树是非洲的特有树种。有些手册上说，它的果实能让大象都醉了。而最近有些研究认为这种说法站不住脚。56We can learn from the passage that _.Ait is not easy to find marula fruit in the wild in AfricaBAfrican elephants dont like to eat marula fruit at all Cmarula fruit can be made into food or drink consumed by people Dbirds and monkeys in Africa like to eat rotten marula fruit 答案：C细节理解题。由第四段第二句话“Its sweet, yellow fruit is used for making jam, wine and beer.”可知，marula树的果实可以制成供人们销售的食物或饮料。57According to Paragraph 6, marula fruit is likely to ferment _.Ain about 12 hours Bin about 34 hours Cbetween 12 and 46 hours Din more than 46 hours 答案：D细节理解题。由第六段最后一句话“Food takes between 12 and 46 hours to pass through an elephants digestive system, the authors point out, which is not enough for the fruit to ferment.”可知，marula树果实的发酵时间为46小时以上。58According to Mr. Morris, which of the following is TRUE?AElephants just eat the fruit right off the tree.BElephants will not eat the fruit which is rotten.CThe marula tree and the mango belong to different families.DThere are several connections between elephants and the marula fruit.答案：B细节理解题。由第四段最后两句话“The first mistake of the drunkenelephant theory is that its unlikely that an elephant would eat the fruit if it were rotten.Elephants eat the fruit right off the tree, not when its rotten on the ground.”可知，大象会吃刚从树上掉下的果实而非吃在地上已经发酵的果实。59What does the underlined word “this” in the last Paragraph probably refer to?AElephants getting drunk.BMarula fruit fermenting in elephants stomachs.CElephants eating rotten marula fruit. DElephants eating marula trees directly. 答案：B猜测词义题。此处this承上启下，指代上一段中提到的marula树能在大象的胃里发酵这件事。B(2013郑州市一模)Each morning Grandpa was up early sitting at the kitchen table, reading his book. His grandson wanted to be just like him and tried to copy him in every way he could.One day the grandson asked, “Grandpa, I try to read the book just like you, but I dont understand it, and I forget what I understand as soon as I close the book. What good does reading the book do？”The grandpa quietly turned from putting coal in the stove and replied, “Take this coal basket down to the river and bring me back a basket of water.”The boy did as he was told, but all the water leaked out before he got back to the house. The grandpa laughed and said, “Youll have to move a little faster next time，” and sent him back to the river with the basket to try again.This time the boy ran faster, but again the basket was empty before he returned. Out of breath, he told his grandpa that it was impossible to carry water in a basket, so he went to get a bucket instead.The grandpa said, “I dont want a bucket of water; I want a basket of water. Youre just not trying hard enough.”The boy again dipped the basket into the river and ran hard, but when he reached his grandpa the basket was empty again. Out of breath, he said, “Grandpa, its useless！”“So, you think it is useless？” the grandpa said, “Look at the basket.”The boy looked at the basket and for the first time he realized that the basket was different. It had been transformed from a dirty old coal basket and was now clean.“Grandson, thats what happens when you read the book. You might not understand or remember everything, but when you read it, youll be changed, inside and out.”文章大意：读书的好处可以这样对人讲述。60What puzzled the grandson most was _.Awhether it was useful to read booksBwhy he forgot what he read soonCwhat kind of book he could understandDhow he could read books like his grandpa答案：A细节理解题。由第二段，特别是最后一句话“What good does reading the book do？”可知，令孙子大惑不解的是读书是不是有用。61Why did Grandpa ask his grandson to fetch a basket of water?ATo train him to run faster.BTo clean the dirty basket in the river.CTo punish him for not reading carefully.DTo get him to realize the use of reading books.答案：D推理判断题。由全文，特别是最后三段可知，祖父这么做是为了向孙子讲明读书的用处。62What lesson can we learn from the story?AThe old are always wiser than the young.BIt is foolish to carry water with a basket.CReading books can change a person gradually.DYou cant expect to remember whatever you read.答案：C推理判断题。由最后一段可推知，读书会逐渐改变一个人。C(2013遵义四中月考)Even plants can run a fever, especially when theyre under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3,000 feet awaystraight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared(红外线)scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide(杀虫剂)spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that dont have pest problems.Even better, Paleys Remote Scanning Services Company could detect crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3,000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a colourcoded map showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spotspray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.The bad news is that Paleys company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and longterm backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States，” says George Oerther of Texas A & M. Ray Jackson, who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only if Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.文章大意：植物也会发烧，特别是当他们遭到病虫害侵袭的时候。10年前，物理学家佩利采用军用红外扫描技术为测量植物体温找到了一个快捷方式，从而可以确定哪些植物正受到病虫害的威胁。这样，农民针对病害定点喷洒农药可以节约大量的农药。随着对农产品残留农药的重新关注，以及远红外扫描技术的改良，佩利希望重操旧业。农业专家一致认同该技术。63Plants will send out an increased amount of heat when they are _.Afacing an infrared scanner Bsprayed with pesticidesCin poor physical condition Dexposed to excessive sun rays答案：C考查细节理解题。根据第二段第二句：. an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted, crops. The data were transformed into a colourcoded map showing where plants were running “fevers”受到病虫害侵扰的时候，植物会发“高烧”，也就是说植物的“身体状况”不佳时，就会发烧。64In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to _.Aestimate the damage to the cropsBdraw a colourcoded mapCmeasure the size of the affected areaDlocate the problem area答案：D考查推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句：. showing where plants were running “fevers”. Farmers could then spotspray，.，用红外线的目的就是确定有问题的区域，以便农民有针对性的喷洒杀虫剂。65Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide by _.Aresorting to spotspraying Btransforming poisoned rainCconsulting infrared scanning experts Ddetecting crop problems at an early stage答案：A考查细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Farmers cold then spotspray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.”可直接得出。66The application of infrared scanning t