中考冲刺班英语笔记.doc

1. end n 终点，末端 v 终止，结束 短语：at the end of 在的终点处，末端in the end 最终by the end of 截止end up doing 以做某事告终end up with 以某事告终2. use n 用途，使用 v 使用 词性变化 adj useful 有用的 useless 无用的 used 二手的，用过的 短语 make use of 使用，利用 its no use doing sth. 做某事没用 used to do 过去常做某事 used to be 过去是 be used to sb./sth./ doing sth.=get used to sb. /sth. 习惯于（人、物、事） be used to do =be used for doing 被用来做 use up 用完，用尽3. spend v 花费 过去式、过去分词都是spent 主语是人 搭配 spend on sth. 在某事上花 spend in doing同义词：pay -paid 主语是人 pay (money) for sth. 在某事上花多少钱 pay a visit to spl. 参观某地 cost -cost 主语是物 sth. cost sb. buy -bought 主语是人 buy sth. for money take -took -taken 主语是人 sth. take + 人+时间、金钱+ to do sth.4. forget v. 忘记 forgetful adj. 健忘的 同义词区别：leave 接地点状语 forget 不接地点状语 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事（没做） forget doing sth. 忘记做某事（已做）5. please v. 取悦某人，让某人高兴 pleased adj. 高兴的，满意的 pleasant adj. 令人愉悦的 pleasure n. 愉快，高兴 be pleased with sb. 对某人满意 be pleased at sth. 对某事满意 be pleased to do sth. with pleasure 非常愿意帮助 Its my pleasure = my pleasure 不用谢6. famous adj. 著名的 短语：be famous as=be known as 作为而著名be famous to 对于某人来说很著名be famous for 因而著名7. visit v.兼n. 参观visitor n. 参观者pay a visit to = visit spl. 拜访，访问on a visit to 参观，游览8. angry adj. 生气的angrily adv. 生气地anger n. 愤怒，生气be angry at sth. 对某事生气be angry with sb. 对某人生气9. hear v. 听见（表结果）listen 听（强调动作）listen to 听 hear of 听说hear from 收到某人来信hear sb.do sth. 听见某人做hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人正在做be heard to do sth. 被听见做了某事be heard doing sth. 被听见正在做某事10. happy adj.高兴的happily adv. 高兴地happiness n.幸福，快乐11. arrive v. 到达（不及物） 不及物动词不能直接接宾语 arrive at 到达 （小地点） arrive in 到达 （大地点） n. arrival 相关动词：reach 到达(及物) reach spl. 到达某地 get to spl. 到达某地 arrive 后可不加地点，reach、get to 后面必须接地点 到达某地，地点副词前面介词一律省略。地点副词有：home abroad there here 12. miss v. 错过，失去，想念 adj. missing 丢失的 = lost lose v. 失去 过去式lost 过去分词 lost adj. lost 迷路的，丢失的 13. remember v. 记住，记得 remember to do 记得要做什么 remember doing 记得做过什么14. many和much many +可数名词复数cns 很多的什么 = too many many +比较级+可数名词复数cns 得多 much +不可数名词un = too much much +比较级 much +比较级+不可数名词un much too + 形容词或副词原级 太15. a few 和 few 后面都加可数名词复数cns few 表否定 几乎没有 a few 表肯定 一些 quite a few 相当多的 fewer 比较少 fewest 最少16. a little 和little a little +可数名词单数cn 一个小的可爱的 a little +不可数名词un 有点 a little +形容词或副词的原级或比较级 有点 little +可数名词复数cns 小的可爱的 little +不可数名词un 几乎没有 a little 和 not 连用 not a little = very much little 表示少和so搭配 表示小和such搭配17. a bit 和a bit ofa bit +形或副原级、比较级a bit of +不可数名词un = a littlenot a bit 根本就不18. a lot 和 a lot ofa lot + 形或副比较级 得多a lot 可以修饰实义动词作状语a lot of = lots of 后面必须加名词（单数不可以）19. no 和notnot 用来否定动词 no 用来否定名词，位于名前，而且名前0冠词（没有冠词） no = not a/an/any no 表禁止 no doing 例：No smoking. 禁止吸烟。20. enoughenough 位于名前,形或副后enough 后用不定式 enough to do sth.21. like v. 喜欢 prep. 向一样 be likelike to do sth. 喜欢做某事（偶尔的）like doing 喜欢做某事（习惯性的）few like doing 想要做某事would like to do sth.想要做某事How do you like= what do you think of 你认为怎么样Whats sb. like. 某人长的是什么样like sb. to do22. seem 系动词 似乎，好像seem + adj. 似乎seem to do 似乎做了某事seem to be + adj. =seem + adj.似乎句型：there seem to be 似乎有It seemed that 似乎23. happen v. 发生，碰巧用法：happen 无被动 （无be done）happen 表发生（碰巧发生） take place 发生（必然）；举行（可以有被动）词组：happen to do 碰巧做某事sth happen to sb. 某人碰巧发生某事句型：there happen to be 碰巧有It happened that 碰巧24. speak、tell、talk和 say speak vt. 讲 （直接加语言） 例：speak English 发言 tell v. 告诉判断，区分讲故事，讲talk vi. 谈论，说话 可不加宾语 talk to 对说talk with 和说talk about 谈论say v.说，上面写到（主语如卡片、说明书等）say sth. in English25. wide adj. 宽广的（形兼副）widely adv. 广泛地width n. 宽 long adj. 长的（形兼副）length n. 长deep adj. 深深的（形兼副）deepth n. 深度，深26. interest n.兴趣，爱好interesting adj. 有兴趣的 interested adj. 感兴趣的show interest in 在展示出兴趣 be interested in 对感兴趣 with interest 带有兴趣 places of interested 名胜地方27. rain n.v. 雨，下雨rainy adj. 多雨的单独“雨”不可数，前面有形容词可数，如大雨28. hope 和wishhope to do sth. 希望做某事hopeful adj. 有希望的hopeless adj. 没有希望的hope + 从句hope sb. to do 没有这种形式wish v. 希望，祝愿 n. 以复数（pl.）出现 wisheswish to do sth = hope to do wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事wish sb. sth. 可以接双宾语 祝愿某人29. see和notice主动：notice sb./sth. do sth. （不是在做）notice sb./sth. doing 某人在做某事被动：be noticed to do sth. 被注意到做什么be noticed doing sth. 被注意到在做什么30. busy adj. 繁忙的 busily adv business n. 生意be on business 谈生意be busy with sth. 忙于某事be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事31. excite v. 使某人兴奋excitement n. 刺激，兴奋exciting adj. 令人兴奋的excited adj. 感到兴奋的be excited to do sth. 做某事很兴奋be excited at/about sth. 对某事兴奋32. beat v.打败 后面接人做宾语 -beat -beatenwin v. +奖品、奖项（不能加人） -won -won33. answer v.回答 n. 答案the answer to 的答案 = the key to34. so 和 suchso + adj./adv. 形、副取决于前面的词性so + adj. +冠词+ n = such +冠词+adj. +nso + many +cns 如此多的so + much + un so few + cnsso little + un 如此少的 so 不能加比较级，不能直接加n.，有many/much/few/little 才能加n.so 可以代替上文的一件事或一句话I think so. 否定 I dont think so. Im afraid so. 否定 Im afraid not.I belive so. 否定 I belive not.such +adj. +n(任意)little 少 与so搭配 little 小的可爱的 与such 搭配35. tooto do太而不能too + adj./adv. + to doso + adj./adv. + that +从句36. polite adj. 有礼貌的politely adv. 有礼貌地politeness n. 礼貌37. advice 和 suggestadvice un. 建议 a piece of adviceadvice sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事suggestion n. suggest doing 建议做38. cross/across/crossingacross prep.表面穿过在对面，对过cross v. 穿过crossing n. 十字路口39. help un.帮助 v.帮助help sb. with sth. 帮助某人某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事help (to) do sth. 帮助cant help (to) do sth. 不能帮助做cant help doing sth. 禁不住做某事help oneself to 随便吃40. join v. 加入join sb. 加入某人成为其中一员join party/league/army join in 参加活动join 是瞬间动词，与一段时间连用，必须变成延续性动词be in，be a league membertake party in 积极参加活动41. borrow 和 lend borrow 往里借 lend 往外借borrow sth. Fromlend sth. To都是瞬间动词，与一段时间连用，必须变成延续性动词，如have, keep42. prefer v. 更喜欢prefer sth. to sth. 喜欢胜过于prefer doing to doing 喜欢做胜过于做prefer to do rather than do = would rather do than do =would do rather than do宁愿做而不愿做prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做（偶尔的）prefer doing 更喜欢做（习惯性的）43. send v.发送，派遣 -sentsend up 发射send away 打发走，开除，赶走send for 派人去叫，派人去请send sb to do sth. 派某人做某事，打发某人做某事44. find v. 发现，找到 -foundfound v. 奠基，成立 -foundedfind out 发现，查明，找出（真相等）look for 寻找find sb. doing sth. 发现某人在做某事主+ find it +adj. +to do sth.find sb +adj. = find sb. to be +adj. 发现某人如何45. wonder v. 想知道 n. 奇迹，奇观wonderful adj. 精彩的wonderfully adv. 精彩地46. make v. 制作，迫使（使，让）be made of 由 做成（看得出来）be made from 由 构成（看不出来）be made in 产于地方，产于何地be made up of 由 组成be made by 由 制作be made into 被做成make sb. +adj. 使得某人如何make sb. doing = let/have sb. do sth.be made to do sth.make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事lets make it 制定时间 做到成功make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb.47. hurry v.n. 匆忙，赶快hurriedly adv. 匆匆地in a hurryhurry up 快点hurry off 匆匆离去48. success n. 成功successful adj. 成功的，successfully adv. 成功地，succeed v. 49. have v. 有，让have sth. to do 有 要have sb./sth. do sth. 让某人/某物做某事have sb./sth. doing sth. 在做have sth. done 让某物被have fun doing = have a great 做某事很开心have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事上有难度have nothing to do with sb. 和某人无关50. surprise n. 惊奇 surprising adj. surprisingly adv.to ones surprise 令某人惊奇的是51. beauty n. beautiful adj. beautifully adv.52. noise un. 噪音 noisy adj. 吵闹的 noisily adv. 吵闹地53. strict adj. 严格的strict with sb. 对某人要求严格be stricted to sth. 对某事 54. pass v. 传递，经过，通过 past prep. 过 n.过去pass sb. sth. 递给某人某物 = pass sth. to sb.pass sth on to sb. 把某物递给某人pass by 经过 past 走过55. bad adj.坏的，糟糕的 badly adv. 比较级worse 最高级worstbe bad for be bad to +人 对不好56. take v. 拿走，带走take sb. to spl. 把某人带到某地take sb. to do sth. 带某人去做某事take sth. with sb. 某人随身携带某物take turn to do sth. 轮流做某事take sb. sometime to do sth. 花费某人多长时间做某事57. wear 和dresswear -wore -worn 接穿或戴的东西dress + 人 给谁穿衣服dress oneself 给某人自己穿衣服be dressed in +衣服 穿 衣服dress up 打扮，穿着，盛装get dressed 穿衣服put on + 物 强调动作have 表状态 不能用进行时have sth. for sb.58. own v. 拥有 adj. 自己的 owner n. 物主，主人with my own eyes59. show v. 显示，给某人看be on show 在展览show interest in 在方面展示出兴趣a dolphin show 海豚表演show off 炫耀show sb. around spl. 带领某人参观某地60. fly v. 飞行，放（风筝） flight n. 航班，飞行 flight to spl. 飞往某地61. afraid adj. 害怕的be afraid to do sth. 不敢做什么 be afraid of doing sth. 担心做Im afraid not 恐怕不是这样Im afraid that 恐怕62. turn v. 翻，变得，成为（颜色）turn up 调高 turn down 调低 turn on 打开 turn off 关掉turn to 翻到页 turn back 转过身来63. believe v. 相信 belief n. believe in sb./sth. 信任64. fail v.失败 failure n. 失败Fail to do sth. 没能够做 fail in the exam 不及格65. sleep v. 睡觉 asleep adj. 入睡的，睡着的 sleepy adj. 困倦的for sleep 66. close v. 关 adj. 亲密的，近的 closed adj. 关着的be close to = next to 离不远67. open v. 打开 adj. 敞开的，开放的68. clean v. 弄干净 adj. 干净的69. luck n. 运气 lucky adj. 幸运的 luckily adv.Goodluck with sth. 交好运70. worth adj. 值得的be well worth doing 非常值得做71. mind v.介意，小心mind doing sth. 介意做某事make up ones mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事72. sometimes