V-ing作宾补定语表语.doc

Review: -ing形式作主语和宾语一，Translate the following sentences into Chinese.1. Talking to him is talking to a wall. 2. Smoking may cause cancer. 3. Walking is my sole exercise. 4. Talking mends no holes. 5. I suggest bringing the meeting to an end. 6. He admitted taking the money. 7. I couldnt help laughing.8. Your coat needs brushing. Leading in 划线部分作什么成分？1. Can you smell anything burning?2. We wont have you doing that.3. No one is allowed to speak in the reading room. 4. I am sorry to have kept you waiting long. 5. I have a friend living in London. 6. My hobby is swimming. -ing 形式作定语, 宾语补足语和表语的用法一、-ing形式作定语 1. 单个动词的-ing形式作定语位于被修饰名词的前面，既可以表示被修饰者的作用或功能，也可以表示被修饰者的动作或状态。如： building materials = materials for building 建筑材料drinking water = water for drinking 饮用水a walking stick = a stick for walking 手杖a reading room = a room for reading 阅览室a writing desk = a desk for writing 写字台tiring music = music that is tiring 烦人的音乐a surprising result = a result that is surprising 一个惊人的结果2. -ing形式短语作定语时, 放在所修饰的名词之后, 并且在意思上相当于一个定语从句。如：They lived in a room facing the street. = They lived in a room that faces the street. The man standing there is Peters father. = The man who is standing there is Peters father. Anybody swimming in this river will be fined. = Anybody who is swimming in this river will be fined. 在这条河里游泳的任何一个人都会被罚款。3. -ing形式短语也可以用作非限制定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句，这时，它与句子其他部分用逗号分开。如： His brother, working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. = His brother, who is working as a teacher, lives in Beijing. The apple tree, swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. = The apple tree, which was swaying gently in the breeze, had a good crop of fruit. 那棵苹果树硕果累累，在微风中轻轻摇曳。二、-ing形式作宾语补足语 1. 1) 动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance. 当我们回到学校时, 发现一个陌生人站在大门口。We found the snake eating the eggs. 我们发现蛇正在吃鸡蛋。 I found a bag lying on the ground. 我发现地板上放着一个包。 The boss kept the workers working the whole night. 那老板让工人整夜地工作。2）当主句转换为被动结构时, 原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。如They found the result very satisfying. = The result is found very satisfying.这个结果很令人满意。They heard him singing in the next room. = He was heard singing in the next room. We mustnt keep them waiting. = They mustnt be kept waiting. 千万不能让他们等。2. 能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词: 1) 表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等。如： We saw a light burning in the window. Listen to the birds singing. I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder. I didnt notice him waiting.As he spoke, he observed everybody looking at him curiously. 2) 表示指使意义的动词，常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等。如：I wont have you doing that. This set me thinking.Im sorry to have kept you waiting. I cant get the clock going again.3. see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别： 前者表示动作正在进行，而后者表示（或强调）动作从开始到结束的全过程。如: We passed by the classmates and saw the teacher making the experiment. 我们走过教室，看见老师在做实验。（只在走过教室的刹那间，看见老师正在做实验）We sat an hour and watched the teacher make the experiment. 我们坐了一个小时，看老师做实验。（一个小时之内一直在看老师作实验） 如果宾语补足语是短暂性动词，动词不定式短语表示一次动作， 而-ing形式则表示反复动作。如： We heard the door slam. We heard the door slamming. 三、-ing形式作表语 -ing形式作表语时放在系动词之后，用来泛指某种动作或行为，以说明主语的身份、性质或情况。如： Her hobby is painting. 她的业余爱好是画画。 My job is looking after the children.我的工作就是照顾这些孩子。His concern for his mother is most touching.他对母亲的关爱很感人。 She was very pleasing in her appearance.ExercisesPoint out the usage of the ing form.1. Do you find it funny to see someone sliding on a banana skin, bumping into someone else round a corner, or falling down a hole in the road?2. He became famous for using a particular form of acting, including mime and farce. using 作介词for的_ including作_ 3. But he was lived by all who watched the films for his determination in overcoming difficulties and being kind even when people were unkind to him. overcoming作_ 4. That was the problem facing Charlie Chaplin in one of his m