“it”的常用句型.doc

“it”的常用句型湖北省嘉鱼一中 黄继兰1. It is/was +被强调部分 +that/who强调句型极易与下列其他句型混淆,故高考也常考查这方面的内容。做题时首先判断该题是否为强调句型。把“Itbethat”去掉，如果剩余部分句子结构仍然完整（被强调部分要还原到原位置），那么这个句子就是强调句；如果句子不完整，则不是强调句。 It is what you do rather than what you say that matters It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.2. It is/was not until +被强调部分+that该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强调时间状语，译成汉语为“直到才”， 可以说是notuntil的强调形式。It wasnt until nearly a month later that I received the mangers reply.It was not until she got home that Jennifer realized she had lost her keys.3. Itbe+段时间+since.“自从以来” 该句型中的be动词通常为一般现在时态或现在完成时态,since引导的从句通常是一般过去时态。译为“自从以来已经有多长时间了”。It has been three days since he was ill.他生病已经有三天了。(since引导时间状语从句，it表示时间)注意: 如果since从句中的谓语动词为延续性动词时, 应译为“自从不以来已经有多长时间了”。如: It is / has been seven years since I taught in this school. 我离开这所学校已经有七年了。时态的把握:如果主句运用的是一般现在时或现在完成时,那么since引导的从句用一般过去时;如果主句运用的是一般过去时,那么since引导的从句常用过去完成时。 4. Itbe+点时间+when.”当的时候，是” 该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句。主句中的 it 指时间, 主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，主句是will be，when从句用一般现在时代替将来时。表语由具体的时间充当点时间前不加介词。常译为“当的时候，是”。 DidJackcomebackearlylastnight?Yes.Itwasnotyeteightoclockwhen hearrivedhome. It will be midnight when they get there5. Itbe+段时间+before.“多久之后才”、“不久就”这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语(如：long years , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes ) ，主句中的谓语动词用肯定式，意为“过多长时间才.”。主句的谓语动词是否定式时，意为“没过多长时间就.”。主句的时态可用过去时was或将来时will be；用was 时，before从句的动词用一般过去时；用will be 时，before从句常用一般现在时。 例如：It was long before the police arrived .It will be hours before he makes a decision6. It is/ was that结构的主语从句, 这也是It代替从句作形式主语的常见句型 (1) It be +adj (clear, obvious, true, possible, certain .) that.该句型中it 是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然，真的，肯定）”，是主语从句最常见的一种结构。 It is very clear that hes round and tall like a tree.It is likely that they will beat us tonight .今晚很可能他们会赢我们。(2) It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural .) that . 该句型和上一个同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形，should 可以省去。）建议记住该句型中的形容词。It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.（3）it + be +过去分词 （said, reported, learned .) that该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉）”。 Its said that Tom has come back from abroad. It was reported that dozens of children died in the accident. 可用于该句型的过去分词还有：known , thought , told , believed , hoped , announced ,expected ,等，该句型常可以转换成含有宾语从句的复合如： Its said that Tom has come back from abroad . He is said to have come back from abroad .(4) It be +过去分词(suggested, ordered .) that.该句型和上一个同属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气（should + 动词原形，should 可以省。）常译为“据建议，有命令”。 It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off. It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.（5）It + be + 名词词组 + that 从句: Its a pity that he cant swim for his age . Its a wonder that you could finish such a hard task in such a short time . The Foreign Minister said, “It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”可用于该句型的名词词组还有：an honor , a good thing , a fact , a surprise , good news等。(6) It + seem / appear / happen + that 从句: 该句型中it是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。意思是“碰巧或看来”等。It seems that he enjoys pop songs very much .看来他非常喜欢流行歌曲。It happened that I went out that day .碰巧我那天外出了。7. It is time (about time, high time) that . 该句型中that 后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是： 常用过去时态表示虚拟。 有时也用should + 动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）的时侯”。 It is time that children should go to bed.8. It /This/That is the first (second .) time that . 该句型要和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中的 that 从句不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用什么完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态决定。如果是一般现在时，后面从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，后面从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中 that 可以省去；常译为“是第一（二）次”。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here.9. It takes sb. some time(money) . to do sth. 该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，it是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做要花费某人”。 It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall10. it 代替连接代词或连接副词引导的从句作形式主语。1) It is known (not decided , not made clear , found out , discussed , being discussed , being considered , a question , uncertain等) + 连接代词或连接副词引导的从句。It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet. 我们将什么时候举行运动会还是一个问题。It is uncertain whether he can attend this conference or not. 他能否来开会还不能确定。2) It doesnt matter(doesnt matter too much , doesnt make too much difference等) + 连接代词或连接副词引导的从句。如：It doesnt matter whether we go together or separately. 我们一起去还是分开去都可以。It doesnt matter too much to me what you do or where you go. 你做什么或去什么地方，对我都无关紧要11 It is no good (use) doing sth. 该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是no good, not any good, no use, not any use。 It is no good learning English without speaking English.12. It+ be+ adj (of sb.) to do sth. 该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由 of引起，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语特征的形容词。常见的有： bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish, good （好心的）, honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice （有教养的）, polite, rude, silly, stupid, wise, wrong等。 It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. 13. It+ be+ adj (for sb.) to do sth. 该句型与上一个同属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for引起，主句中的形容词通常是表示重要性、紧迫性、频繁程度、难易、安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有： important, necessary, natural。 easy, safe, common, normal, hard, difficult, dangerous, unusual, rare, impossible, pleasant等。在中的形容词作表语可以用从句改写， 例如： It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should) come to the party. 14. It looks (seems) as if . 该句型中it无意义。 as if 引导一个状语从句。常译为，“看起来好象”。如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。 It looks as if he is ill. （真的病了。） It looks as if he were ill. （没有生病。） It seemed as if he were dying. 15.主语+think，believe，consider，feel，find，make, take+it+adj/n+to do sth./doing sth/that从句该句型中的it 作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123原则”。7指主句中常用的动词：think，believe，consider，feel，find，make, take；1指的是形式宾语it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。例如： We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.注意：1. It用在不能直接跟从句的动词或动词短语后，尤其是表示好恶的动词或动词短语，如：enjoy，like，lov