必修四4单元语法现在分词作状语.doc

Grammar: The V-ing is used as the adverbialRead the following sentences and discover the useful structures1. a. The children ran out of the room, laughing and talking. b.Seeing nobody at home, she decided to leave them a note.2. a. Having eaten too much for supper, he couldnt go to sleep. b. Having worked with the foreigners for years, I knew them very well.3.a. Not knowing her phone number, we couldnt get in touch with her. b. Not having received a reply, he decided to write another letter.4.a When visiting the great wall, they make a side trip to the nearby villages. b. Though living near her house, I seldom see her these days.5.a.The boy leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange cave. b. There being no further business to discuss, we all went home.小结：二、 动词-ing 形式作时间，条件，原因， 让步等状语时，可转换为对应的状语从句。如：Hearing the news(=When she heard the news),she burst into tears.Not feeling well that morning(=As he wasnt feeling well that morning), he went to see the doctor.二、动词ing 形式作状语时，其逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系；而过去分词作状语时，与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系。如： Walking down the street, I ran into Sue.（=When I was walking down the street, I ran into Sue.）Seen from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box.(= When the house is seen from the top of the building, it looks like a match box.)三动词- ing形式（短语）作状语，可表示时间、条件、原因、让步、方式或伴随情况等， 动词-ing形式所表示的动作与（ 主语 ）之间常构成主谓关系，即主动关系。动词- ing形式（短语）的完成式所表示的动作发生在（ 谓语 ）动作之前动词- ing形式（短语）的否定形式常在其（前面 ）加not四动词- ing形式（短语）作状语，其前往往可以加when, while, if, unless, once, although, as if等连词，构成“连词+动词-ing形式”结构。又如：While waiting there, he saw two pretty girls come out of the building.They talked and laughed as if having been friends for many years.五动词- ing形式（短语）可有其独立的逻辑主语这种主语常常是（名词 ）或代词主语，置于动词-ing形式之前，二者构成独立主格结构。巩固练习1.将v-ing 改写成状语从句1.） Having experienced earthquakes before, I wasnt frightened.2.） Coming out of my house, I saw the volcano erupting.3） Waking up in the middle of the night, she saw her room was as bright as day.4.） Having spent all night reading the documents, i was very tired the next day.5.） Having stopped the car, we found ourselves trapped in thick fog and couldnt see clearly ahead.6.） Having never seen a rainbow before as a child, he was very excited. 2.判断句子正误并改正1） Opening the window, a butterfly flew into my room.2.）Working hard with a strong will, your dream will certainly come true.3.对比练习1.） _many times , but he still couldnt understand it .2.） _many times , he still couldnt understand it .A. Having been told B. ToldC. He was told D. Though he had been told 3.） _from space , the earth looks blue .4.）_from space , we can see the earth is blue .A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See 4.根据汉语意思，用动词-ing形式（短语）将下列句子补充完整。（每空一词）1.） 由于生病，我不得不呆在家里。 _ _, I had to stay at home.2.） 他把咖啡杯掉在地上，摔得粉碎。 He dropped the coffee cup, _ _ _ _3.）过马路的时候要小心些。 When _ _ _, please be careful.4.）听到这个消息我们都高兴的跳了起来。 _ _ _, we all jumped with joy.5.）杰克完成作业后，外出散步。 _ _ _ _, Jack went out for a walk.6.）由于不知道她的地址，我没法给她写信。 _ _ _ _, I cant wr