初中音标国际音标.doc

国际音标发音表英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音元音12个单元音长元音 i: E: O: u: A:短元音 i E O u V Q e8个双元音: ai ei Oi iE CE uE Eu au辅音10对清辅音 p t k f s T S tS tr ts浊辅音 b d g v z D Z dZ dr dz3个鼻音 m n N3个似拼音 h r l2个半元音 w j元音12个单元音长元音a:i: u:短元音i uye8个双元音ai eiii e u auu 辅音10对清辅音ptkfsttrts浊辅音bdgvzddr;dz3个鼻音mn3个似鼻音hrl2个半元音wj巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后。 双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。 辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊， 四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音， 有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。 音素: 音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素. 音节: 由元音和辅音构成的发音单位. 元音: 发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音: 发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音. 开音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e 如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)辅音+元音 如:he hi go no do be tree three hello 闭音节: 1)辅音+元音+辅音 :sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head 2)元音+辅音 如: it is of in on up out ant A chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house. A mouse is in the cats mouth. A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea1 元音:1) i: 字母组合:ee ea e iethree tree green sheep meet beef see seek eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean piece receive ceilingPea豌豆 pee 小便（小孩用语）peak顶峰bee蜜蜂 peek偷看 beam光束tea茶、点心, team 团队deed事迹deep深 deem 认为key钥匙，琴键 keep 保持，保存meet遇见 meat肉weak虚弱 week星期 weed杂草2) i发音字母 i y esit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious 3) 发音字母 abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man that那cat猫lack缺少fat肥胖、脂肪bad坏pat拍matter事情man男人（单数）manner方式、风度ban禁止fan扇子pen 比than then那时、于是band乐队banner旗帜练习4) e 字母组合 ea e ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yesmany any let让net网left左边、剩下的vet兽医bed床pet宠物yet还、还没有wet湿的hen母鸡hat遮阳帽lent借出mend补、修理men男人（复数）5) : 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world per 每个bird鸟 dirt灰尘(污垢，泥土) term学期、任期，work 工作, word worker工人,murmur低语声（小声说话）, murder谋杀, keeper看守人，beeper6) 字母组合 er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasure familiar collar dollar together tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control around account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listen famulus Saturday 7) a: 字母组合 ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm Park公园 part部分 palm手掌 bar酒巴 bark狗叫(吠声) tar沥青，焦油 tart 酸 dark黑暗的 car小汽车，card 卡片 cart手推车, carp鲤鱼 calm平静的guard卫兵 mark标记 yard院子arm胳膊8) : 发音字母 u o ou oo up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love above trouble rough flourishblood flood9) 字母组合 al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walk short more lord horse for forty sport door floor store author caught autumnfour court bought warm quarrel quarter Paw爪子 port港口 pork猪肉 bore使人烦 board板、木板，door门 dawn黎明 talk谈话 court法院 cord绳子、线，more更、更多的，war战争 warm温暖的 walk走、散步，warn警告 law法律 lawn草地10) 发音字母 o ahot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch pot锅、壶 cock公鸡 god上帝 dog狗 a lot许多 lock锁 dot点 mop拖把 nod点头 hawk鹰、叫卖，horn气笛hot热、辣, hop蹦、跳11) u: 字母组合 oo o ufood moon room gloom黑暗忧郁 broom扫帚 doom命运 goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full prude过分拘谨）boot靴子?突然发展 do干事情too太、也， tomb坟墓you 你、你们，two两个mood 心情、情绪12) u 字母组合 oo ou u olook good foot book wood should could put full bull pull pushwoman wolf 13) ei 发音字母 a ay ea ai ey name cake late gate plane April play say may way great break rain paint plainthey grey make使、制造 pay付钱 bake烤(面包) bay海湾 gay快乐的 date日期、约会 cake蛋糕 take 拿 name姓名 lake 湖 gate门 plane飞机 safe安全 save 保存 same同样的 fake假冒的 fame名声 late晚、迟到 play玩 fate命运 game游戏 gain收获 amaze使惊叹 gaze凝视 sake缘故 pace步、速度14) ai 发音字母 i y bike fine find die nine light night high eye眼睛 bike自行车 high 高 like喜欢、像 kite风筝 might可能、力量 nine九、九个 fight打战 find找到 five五 fire火 fine好、细致 wife妻子 knife刀 pie馅饼 buy买 lie谎言、平躺 life生命、生活 thigh大腿 sight视力 size尺寸 nice好disguise化装、面具 license执照my try fly eye15) au 字母组合 ou ow house out flour ground account count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how townhow多么、怎样 cow奶牛 now现在 loud大声的 bow鞠躬 tower塔、大厦 hour小时 doubt怀疑 about大约 flower花 aloud大声地 mouse老鼠mouth嘴唇cloud 云allow允许power权力16) u 发音字母 o ow oa home cold go no phone host ghost know low below grow blow show flowboat coat goalmode方式 nose鼻子 home家 goat山羊 boat船 coat上衣 code密码 hope希望 note笔记 foam泡沫 vote 投票those那些though虽然 low低的soap肥皂 toad癞蛤蟆17) 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice boy男孩子 toy玩具 oyster海蛎avoid避免 annoy使人恼火 poison 毒 noise噪音 noisy吵闹的 soybean大豆、黄豆 toilet厕所 boycott联合抵制18) i 字母组合 eer ear beer deer ear near here fierce ideaear耳朵 beard胡子 beer啤酒 hear听见 mere仅仅的 appear出现 tear眼泪 weird古怪的 fear害怕 near靠近 ?认真的 sneer冷笑19) 字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there wherecareair空气 hair头发 fair交易会 care关心 there那里 bear 熊pair双、一对 pear梨子 wear穿、戴 dare敢20) u 字母组合our ower hour tour /flower shower tour旅游、观光 pour贫穷的 allure吸引、 诱引 moor沼泽地 pure纯的 gourd葫芦2 容易混淆的元音 A e bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said i： ei real rail greet great mean main read raid e ai bet bite red write said side head hide aU R： house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn aU Q found fond down done gown gone town ton AQ fan fun tan tun san son tank tun 3辅音 1) pen pear play pig pour pull push 2) book big boot bike bread break 3) t tree two ten ton town twenty city 4) d door dull desk dose do dog dictionary /t,d/ best choice 最好的选择next door 隔壁last time 上次first time第一次west coast 西海岸just now 刚才left turn 左拐soft spot 弱点waste time 浪费时间soft drink 软饮料hot dog 热狗got to go 得走了airport tax 机场税bend down俯下身子can food 罐头食品hold back阻止cold dish 冷盘get together聚会world class 世界一流的good time好时光first hand第一手last dinner 最后的晚餐hard ware 硬件soft ware 软件first visit 第一次访问restroom休息室postdoctoral博士后的landscape 风景postpone 推迟postmark 邮戳friendship友谊sandwich三明治handbag 手提包handsome英俊的 postcard 明信片kindness 善良postbox 邮箱landslide 塌方First come ,first served .先到先招待He is the best person for the job. 他最胜任这项工作Last week 上周 They ask me to go . 他们叫我走last month 上个月old friends 老朋友East China 华东 cold shower洗凉水澡 5) k king kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k) card cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c) fox box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x) school schedule schema (字母组合ch) 6) g girl good goal goat grade long language 7) m man make moon morning move come comb 8) n pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean 9) N uncle bank English think thank junk 58英语 sing king morning evening 10) l long land lend lord fly flag black world cold could goal soul 11) r read red right run room write 12) f five fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wife cough laugh rough physic photo phone 13) v very evening even every voice vest of 14) s six sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) license city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c) piece juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce) 15) z zoo zebra zero zap close nose hose suppose pause those whose 16) W think thank three thirty tooth mouth 17) T that this those these though 18) F sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush wash nation attention station social special sure 19) V pleasure 20) h hot hop home house horse how who 21) w when what where window wind wood 22) j yes year yell you your yolk yellow 23) tF child chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach 24) dV age language cabbage vegetable stage bridge joy enjoy join July June junk 25) tr tree country try treat track trunk 26) dr dry dream drop drive drink 27) ts students boots boats goats nuts 28) dz goods woods moods hoods 4容易混淆的辅音 v w vest west vet wet vine wine very well s W sink think mass math miss myth sort sought z T close cloth breeze breathe n N thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing 5字母，组合音节发音规律 1）a ei a: R late private grade bake grape nation station page active hand bank fan parent family glad flag accept about above formative machine cinema fast last glass class past father wash what watch want 2）e i: e 不发音 appreciate extremely secret she me he letter left message generate pebble decide pretty previous result restore problem prosperous student confident active table late wife store lecture 3）i ai high price library ice cream wife size line fist pick chicken piano fianc city unit 4）o J J: Q R lode host cold note okay old home lose do who whose prove love some other mother honey company today tomorrow together control collect lost hot mock office soft honest 5）u ju u Q university refuse unique universe huge put push pull full bull but brush bucket duck bubble 58英语学习 support suggest 6）c k s country camp camera courage cable city ceiling celebrate cell cease 7）g g dV N girl grade glass glade bag flag village vegetable bridge gentleman gym long song sing morning evening 8) l l 读音不同 listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal 9) n n N moon night noodle number uncle hungry angry young 10) r r (美语发音) right read write grade progress card board door floor form north 11）y j ai yellow year yell young yolk university country pretty happy dyke dying fly buy by my 12）ar a: R: farm card garden mark dollar warm quarrel quarter 13) ea i: e ei i cease season breathe feature meat please bread breast breath meadow weather great break idea realize 14) ear : i learn earth earn heard hear near clear ear fear 15) er : i deserve serve her person teacher driver anger singer serious experience mysterious fierce 16） ere i Z here mere fere sere there 17) ir : ai shirt girl skirt admire desire 18) oo u: u Q R: room tool cool moon noon goof food good foot stood wood wool cook wood book blood flood door floor 19) or R: