定语从句简易讲解.docVIP

定语从句1 Translate the following sentences into Chinese1. He who does nt reach the Great Wall is not a true man.2.This note was left by John , who was here a moment ago.3.Xiao Shenyang is the man who we all like very much.4.Rose and Jack are the lovers who met on the ship.5.Titanic is the ship which sank after hitting an iceberg.定义：修饰_的句子叫定语从句。位置：放在被修饰的名词/代词的_其中的名词或代词叫_其中who叫做_关系代词：who/ whom (人）which （物）that/whose （人/ 物）关系副词: where/ when /why注意：who/which/where/ when /why不是疑问词Exercise：1.Here are my neighbors_ home was destroyed by the earthquake.2.The terrible shaking of the building woke up all the people_ were asleep.3.The next day people put up shelters in the open air made with anything _ they could find.4.Several days later most of the buildings _ had been damaged were repaired5.This frightened boy _ mother was lost in the disaster is looking for her now .6.We went to see our teacher _ husband lost his life in the earthquake .7. “Is this the young man _ saved people trapped under buildings?” she asked.8.A number of children _ parents had died in the quake were sent to live with families in other cities. 二、that和which用法的区别1、只能用that不用which的情况1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much等不定代词时I am sure she has something _ you can borrow.2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。Ive read all the books _ you lend me. 3) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。This is the first book _ he has read.It is the most beautiful city _ Ive ever seen.4) 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时This is the very book _ belongs to him.5) 先行词既有人又有物时The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast are popular to the students.(6) 先行词是who或which引导的主句。 Who is the girl _ drove the car? 三，只用who的情况One _ has nothing to fear dares to tell the truth.The ones _ laugh at the disabled are not good students.Anyone _ fails to finish the task should be punished.Those _ want to go to The Great Wall sigh up her先行词是one, ones, anyone, those时用who.2、只用which不用that的情况(1) 关系代词在限制性定语从句中紧跟介词作宾语（介词提前）。 There are many trees _ they can have a rest. This is the ring _ she spent 1000 dollars.2) 在非限制性定语从句中。 Football, _ is a very popular game, is played all over the world.把 that , which 或 who 填入下列空白处1.He did all / everything _ he could to help me.2.This is the very thing _ I am after.3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school.4.He is the only man _ can do the work.5.This is the first thing _ I want to say.6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with.7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate.8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth.把that , which ,whose, whom or who 填入空格9.Is there anything else _ you want to say?10.Any person _ has the money can join the group.11.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _ made others upset.12.He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy.13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist.14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.四、“介词关系代词”即“介词whom / which”1、介词的选用至少要考虑以下的两个因素：A.与先行词的搭配关系1）I will never forget the day _ I joined the army.2) I will never forget the days _ I worked in the school.3) I will never forget the year _ my sonwent to college.B. 与谓语动词的搭配习惯1）Have you found the book _ I paid 29 US dollars?2) Have you found the book _ I spent 29 US dollars?3) Have you found the book _ we learnt a lot?4) Have you found the book _ she often talks?2. “介词whom/which”与 “whom/which/that/介词”的转换。1.The chair on which she is sitting is made of wood. The chair (which/that) she is sitting on is made of wood.2. Is this the book which you are looking for?注意：介词for不能与 look分开。表所有关系及整体中的一部分或全部时，用介词of, 有时可用whose转换。1) Im painting a house, the roof _ is roundIm painting a house _ is round.2) They live in a house, _ windows face south.They live in a house, the windows_ face south. 用介词关系代词填空1. Hes the man _ I learned the news.2. Whos the person _ you just shook hands.3. I know a lady the husband _ is a Nobel Prize winner.4. This is the way _ she studies English.5. The old man always wears his glasses _ he cant see anything.6.The key_ she was opening the door broke.7. No on