时间状语解释加练习.doc

时间状语从句1、 when 的用法如果只从现象来看，when 从句用的最多的是一般过去时，而主句的时态没有限制,根据具体情况而定。I was out when you called me。根据以上的例句，我们可以总结出一点：when 从句的A事件，相当于另一个事件B发生的时间点。也就是说，when 从句的重点不在动作本身发生的状态，而只是把它作为一个时间点，所以when 多数情况下用的是一般过去时，则不用正在进行时。因为如果用正在进行时，它表示的就是一段时间而不是一个时间点了。根据这一点，有的文章补充说：when 从句的动词大多是瞬时动词。这种说法也可以参照。实际上，when 从句也可以有其它的时态，但几乎也不用进行时，因为它也只是作为一个时间参照点。例如：When he had finished his homework, he took a short rest. 当他完成作业后，他休息了一会儿。2、 while 的用法相比于when 来说，while 从句的侧重点就不一样了。while 从句的侧重点在于描述动作正在发生的状态，它的意思是：当while 事件正在发生的时候，另一件事如何如何。所以，while 从句一般用的是正在进行时。而另一件事的状态没有硬性的要求，根据具体情况而定。从时间的角度来看，while 表示的是一段时间，是一个过程。这是while 的侧重点。因此，如果含有“一段时间”的含义的时候，就可以用while。例如1. While my wife was reading the newspaper, I was watching TV. 当妻子正在看报纸的时候，我正在看电视。三、as 的用法1.as 从句表示的也是一件事情正在发生，另一件事也正在进行当中。但与 while 从句不同的是，as 从句用的一般不用正在进行时，而只是一般过去时。as 从句一般可以翻译成“边边”。 The students took notes as they listened. 学生们边听课边做笔记 小姑娘们一边走，一边唱 _ 2.as 表达的事件，往往只是主句动作发生的背景或条件时，as 只是一个次要的时间说明，不像while 从句有强调 while 动作本身的意思。因此，as 常常翻译成“随着”之意。例如：1. As the time went on，the weather got worse. 随着时间的推移，气候更加糟糕4、 when, while, as 的互换如果从句动作和主句动作同时发生，并且从句动作为延续性动词时，when，while，as 可以互换使用。这种情况下，它们的细微区别恐怕连英、美人自己也说不清了。 1. When /While /As we were dancing, a stranger came in. 当我们跳舞时，一位陌生人走了进来。 dance 为延续性动词2. When /While /As she was making a phone call, I was writing a letter. 当她在打电话时，我正在写信。 make为延续性动词比较while, when, as1）as, when 引导短暂性动作的动词。 例如：Just as / Just when / When I stopped my car, a man came up to me. 我刹车后，有一个人向我走来。 短暂性动词也称非延续性动词、瞬间动词，表示不能延续的动作，这种动作发生后立即结束。如open, close, finish, begin, come, go, arrive, reach, get to, leave, move, borrow, buy, die等。（延续性动词表示能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久影响。如：stay, live, learn, study, work, wait, watch, sing, read等。） 2) 当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用when 引导这个从句，不可用as 或 while。 例如：When you have finished your work, you may have a rest. 干完活后，你可以休息一下。 3）从句表示“随时间推移”连词能用as，不用when 或while。 例如： As the day went on, the weather got worse.日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。六,比较until和till 1.此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是“做某事直至某时”，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是“直至某时才做某事”。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。肯定句：I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 否定句：I didnt manage to do it until you had explained how. 直到你教我后，我才会做。 She didnt arrive until 6 oclock. 她. 2.区别：1）until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 2)until when 疑问句中，until要放在句首。例如： -Until when are you staying?你呆到什么时候？ 3）It is not until that.直到.才. 例如：It was not until I began to work that I realized how much time I had wasted. 注意：如果hardly, scarcely 或no sooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。 例如:Hardly / Scarcely had I got home when it began to rain. 练习：在下列各句的空格中填入适当的连词1_ he comes tomorrow, I shall ask where he has been. 2_ he was speaking, everybody listened carefully. 3I saw her just _ she was getting off the train. 4Have a good look at that man _ you pass him. 5It was already eight oclock _ we got there. 6. I was about to go out _ a visitor came. 7Well go to the country at the beginning of June, _ the summer harvest will start.8. He learned to speak German _ he was in Berlin.9. Henry is in charge of the office _ Mr. Smith is away. 10. I listen to the recorder _ I have time. 11. He had learned Chinese _ he came to China. 12. _ the work was done, we sat down to sum up experience. 13. I havent seen him _ he moved to the other side of the town. 14. I waited _ he came back. 15. It was not _ he took off his eyeglasses that I recognized him. 16. She likes everything to be in place _ she starts to work. 17. The thieves ran away _ they caught sight of the police. 18. They decided to go back home _ their money ran out. 19. We played outside till sunset, _ it began to rain。20. _ I get to the airport, I will phone you to pick me up. 21. They were about to leave _ it began to rain. 22. He always stay in bed _ lun