宾语从句通常由that引导.doc

宾语从句通常由that 引导，做一个动词或者介词的宾语，如，He said that he was a good student. that 引导的部分做了say 的宾语 定语从句很重要的就是在从句中作成分。引导词有that，which，who, whom, in which, by which, why ,when, where等。 where 是表示地点的引导词，如 He was in the school where he used to play basketball. where 通常可以换成介词加上which 的形式，如在例子中，where就可以用in which来代替2年前 回答者： liviasnowy08 - Q籽一级 学习宾语从句要抓住三要素：连接词、语序和时态。 1.连接词 连接词一般都是that(指事务或人),which（指事）,who（指人） 1.1从句为陈述句，常选择连接词that或将that省略，直接与主句相连。 1.2从句为一般疑问句，常选择连接词if或whether。在 whether or not 结构中不能用 if 替换。 1.3从句为特殊疑问句，常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等的疑问代、副词作连接词。 注意：当who为主语时，句式为：who+谓语+其他 2.判断时态情况： 1.1主句是一般现在时，从句为各种时态情况。 1.2主句是一般过去时，从句为各种相应过去时态注意：从句描绘客观事实，用一般现在时。 定语从句： 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有where, when, why等。 关系词常有3个作用：1，引导定语从句。2，代替先行词。3，在定语从句中担当一个成分。 (一）关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在从句中做主语 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. 3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。 The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million. 5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in. （二）介词+关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导 The school (that/which) he once studied in is very famous. The school in which he once studied is very famous. （三）关系副词引导的定语从句 1. when指时间，在定语从句中做时间状语 I still remember the day when I first came to the school. 2. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born. 3. why指原因，在定语从句中做原因状语 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane. city in which./where I was born. （四）限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 1.限制性定语从句： 不用逗号和主句隔开；是先行词不可缺少的定语，不能删除；翻译成先行词的定语，“的”；在关系词的使用上，做宾语时可省略、可用that 、可用who代替whom。 2.非限制性定语从句：用逗号和主句隔开；是对先行词的补充说明，删除后意思仍完整；通常翻译成主句的并列句；在关系词的使用上，不可省、不用that 、不用who代替whom。 限制性定语从句举例： The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 非限制性定语从句举例： His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.宾语从句与定语从句在结构上、用法上区别很大，宾语从句是位于及物动词之后作其宾语的从句，有名词特点，定语从句放在所修饰的名词、代词之后，有形容词特征，作定语。宾语从句的引导词有that, which, who, whom, whose, what, when, where, why, how, whether/ if(是否)等。that无实际意思，不作成分，只起连接词作用，其他词为疑问含义。而what, how, whether/ if是不能引导定语从句的，定语从句中的引导词均有实义，表达陈述含义，起引导句子的作用，如：He didnt tell me when