情态动词的特殊含义.doc

情态动词的特殊含义河南省安阳市实验中学 郑 雪情态动词作为四大类动词（1实义动词、2系动词、3情态动词、4助动词）中的一种,不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点,而且也是历年高考的热点。高考常考查情态动词的特殊含义和用法，现归纳如下:一、can表主观推测一般用于否定句和疑问句；而表示客观事实，偶尔“可能”，可用于肯定句。It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it can be rather cold sometimes.在我的家乡，通常三月份比较暖和，但有时也会很冷。Jack is a very clever boy, but he can be very dull sometimes.杰克是个非常聪明的孩子，但有时也会很迟钝。 二、1、may放在句首，表祝愿。Mayyousucceed！祝你成功！May you have a good trip 祝你旅途愉快.2、may表示语气比较弱的推测，might语气更弱。一般句中有Im afraid或Im not sure或I havent decided。-Are you going to find a job back in your hometown?-Well, I havent decided yet. I might find some other choices.Imightgototheconcerttonight, butIamnotsureaboutit.我可能今晚要去看音乐会,但还不确定。3、may(might)aswe还是为好Wemightaswellwaitforabustogettothestationsincewearenotinahurry. 既然我们不忙,我们还是坐车到车站为好。三、must表示与说话人愿望相反或不耐烦, 意为“偏要，硬要”。Whymustyoubesostubborn? 你为什么偏要这么固执呢? Look at the time. Must you play the piano at such a late hour?看看时间吧，你非得在这么晚的时候弹钢琴吗？2012重庆 _you interrupt now? Cant you see Im on the phone? SorrySir, but its urgent.A. CanB. ShouldC. MustD. Would答案：C四、1、would+动词原形，表示过去的习惯或某种倾向，意为“过去常常”。Hewouldsitforhours without saying anything.他过去常常坐几个小时而一言不发。2、wont/wouldnt+主动语态,表示拒绝或不可Thedoorwontopen.门怎么也打不开。Hewouldnthelpme.他不愿帮助我。五、1. shall用于第二人称和第三人称，表示命令、警告、允诺、威胁、规定等。Ifyoufinishyourhomework, youshall gohome.如果你做完了你的作业,你可以回家。(表示允诺)You shall be punished for what youve done.你应为你所做的受到惩罚。2012辽宁 One of our rules is that every student _ wear school uniform while at school.A. might B. could C. shall D. will 答案：C2、should “竟然”； “应该会” （表预期或可能性） He looks like a gentleman, but he should be rude to a lady.She promised to come by 10. She should be here at any moment.六、情态动词+ havedone,1、表示对发生过事情的推测。Thegroundiswet. Itmusthaverainedlastnight.地面很湿,昨天晚上一定下雨了。(表示对过去有把握的推测)She cant have read about the explosion. She didnt know anything about it.她不可能读过关于爆炸的消息。她对此一无所知。2、表示与事实相反的虚拟语气，含有批评或责备的意味。should/oughttohavedone本应该做而没有做couldhavedone本能够做而没有做neednthavedone本不必做而做了Hecouldhavepassedtheexam, buthedidntworkhard.他本能够通过考试的,但他却不努力。Tom ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm.汤姆不该把你的秘密告诉我，但他没有恶意。Youshouldhavetoldmethenewsearlier.你本应该早点告诉我那个消息。Wehaveenoughtime, youneednthavebeensohurry.我们有足够的时间，你本不必如此匆忙。2012北京 we the difficulty together, but why didnt you tell me? A. could face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced答案：C2012福建 We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday.A. visited B. had visited C. would visit D. would have visited 答案：D2012湖北卷 They _have arrived at lunchtime, but their flight was delayed.A. will B. can C. must D. should 答案：D2012 浙江 Had they known what was coming next, they _ second thoughts.A. may have B. could have C. must have had D.