高二英语第一讲非谓语动词.docx

第一讲 非谓语动词适用学科高中英语适用年级高中二年级适用区域人教版课时时长（分钟）90知识点1.动名词作主语；2.动名词作宾语；3.现在分词作定语；4.现在分词作状语；5.现在分词作宾语补足语；6.并列主语的主谓一致；7.单一主语的主谓一致；8.非谓语动词作主语。教学目标1 熟悉非谓语动词的三个分类2 熟练掌握动名词与现在分词的用法教学重点1熟悉非谓语动词的三个分类2熟练掌握动名词与现在分词的用法教学难点主谓一致的原则与非谓语动词的用法知识点一、主谓一致原则：语法一致1. 单数主语即使后面带有with, along with, together with, like(像), but (除了),except, besides, as well as, no less than, rather than(而不是), including, in addition to 引导的短语，谓语动词仍用_。如：Air as well as water is matter.空气和水都是物质。No one except two servants was late for the dinner. 除了两个仆人外，没有一个人迟来用餐。【练习】Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, _ visit Beijing this summer.A. is going toB. are going toC. was going toD. were going to2. 不定式（短语），动名词（短语），或从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Serving the people is my great happiness.为人民服务是我最大的幸福。When well go out for an outing has been decided.我们什么时候出去郊游已决定了。【练习】What I cannt understand why more and more students dont like studying English.A. is B. are C. was D. were3. one of +复数名词+who/that/which引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词为复数。如：Mary is one of those people who keep pets. 玛丽是饲养宠物者之一。注意：the only one of +复数名词+ who/that/which 引导的定语从句中，定语从句的动词应为单数。如：Mary is the only one of those people who keeps pets. 玛丽是唯一一个饲养宠物的人。【练习】She is the only one among the _ writers who _stories for children. A.woman, writes B.women, write C.women, writes D.woman, write二、非谓语动词：动名词和现在分词的使用（一）动名词作主语动名词作主语常用来表示_的动作。动名词作主语通常放在句首，谓语用_形式。例如：Listening to music is my sisters hobby.动名词作主语时，为了保持句子平衡，可以用it作形式主语。常用的结构：1. It is + no use / no good / useless etc.+ v-ing2. It is + nice / good / interesting / a waste of etc. + v-ing如：It is no use crying over spilt milk.覆水难收。【练习】Its no use _ without taking actions.A. speak B. to speak C. speaking D. speaked（二）动名词作宾语1. 以下动词或短语后只接动名词作宾语：admit, avoid, appreciate, consider, enjoy, escape, finish, keep, mind, miss, suggest等动词；cant stand, give up, feel like, keep on, think of, set about, dream of 等短语。2. 在下列短语中，to是介词，后面应用动名词作宾语：be / get used to, look forward to, devoteto, pay attention to, object to等。3. 下列几组词接动名词形式作宾语和不定式作宾语含义不同：forget doing 忘记已做过某事；forget to do 忘记要做某事remember doing 记得做过某事；remember to do 记住要做某事mean doing 意思是，意味着；mean to do 打算做regret doing 后悔做过某事；regret to do 遗憾要做某事cant help doing 禁不住做；cant help (to) do 不能帮忙做。【练习】I still remember _ to the Water park and what I have seen there.A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken（三）现在分词作定语表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态，在意思上接近一个定语从句，可以表示正在进行的动作，也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。如：They lived in a house facing south.(=which is facing south) 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。Do you know the boy playing basketball? (=Who is playing basketball)你认识在打篮球的那个男孩吗？The man visiting Japan (=the man who is visiting Japan) is my uncle. 正在访问日本的那个男人是我的叔叔。【练习】The girl _ piano is my sister.A. play B. playing C. to play D. played（四）现在分词作状语现在分词作状语时，要求分词和主句主语必须保证是主动关系，表示的意义有原因、伴随、时间等。如：Coming into the room, he found his father angry. 走进房间，他发现自己的父亲在生气。【练习】 _ his advice, I passed the exam successfully.A. Following B. Followed C. To follow D. Follow（五）现在分词作宾语补足语现在分词作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。如：When we returned, we found a stranger standing in front of the house.当我们回来的时候，我们发现有一个陌生人站在房子的前面。 能用现在分词作宾语补足语的几类动词：1) 表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词，（常见的有see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to等）+ sb + doing sth（作宾补）如：I felt somebody standing behind me.我感觉我身后有人。2) 表示指使意义的动词即使役动词，（常见的有have, set, keep, get, catch, leave等）+sb/ sth + doing sth (作宾补）We kept the fire burning all night long.我们让火整夜燃烧着。I wont have you running about in the room. 我不允许你在房间里跑来跑去。注意：see, hear, feel, watch等动词之后用现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：We heard the telephone ringing. We heard the telephone ring. 前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）动