语法专项-主谓一致.docVIP

主谓一致主谓一致是指：1)语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致；2)意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致；3)就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语。 一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。e.g. There is much water in the thermos.热水瓶里有很多水。注意：当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。e.g. Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.去年产碳1万吨。常考点：1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数e.g. Reading and writing are very important.读和写非常重要。注意：主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。e.g. The iron and steel industry is (be)very important to our life.铁和钢对我们的生活非常重要。2.主谓一致中的就近原则1) 当there be句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。2) 当either or与neither nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。3) 如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。e.g. a) There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一只笔，一把刀和几本书。b) There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 班上有20个男生，23个女生。c) Either you or she is to go.你或她会去。d) Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 这儿有一只笔，一些信封和给你的几张纸。 3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致，即就远原则BRAINSTORM当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, except, as well as等词引起的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。例：a) The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.老师正在和一些学生参观工厂。b) He as well as I wants to go boating.我和他都想去划船。 c) The man like a sailor has strong will-power4.谓语需用单数1)代词each和由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语，或主语中含有each, every,谓语需用单数。例：a) Each of us has a tape-recorder.我们每个人都有一台录音机。b) There is something wrong with my watch.我的表出了点儿问题。2)表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。(用复数也可，意思不变。)例：a) Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.有三周的时间来做必要的准备。b) Ten yuan is enough.10元钱就够了。PRODUCTION 1:1. The old _well looked after by the government in China. A. is B. are C. has been D. was2. The secretary and manager _very busy now. A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeting. A. has B. have C. are D. was4. Tom as well as two of his classmates _invited to the party. A. was B. were C. have been D. had been5. Either you or I _going to the teachers office after class. A. am B. is C. are D. will6. Most of his spare time _spent in reading. A. are B. were C. was D. have been7. This is one of the best novels that _appeared this year. A. have been B. has C. had been D. have8. Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum. A. are B. is C. were D. have 9. About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday. A. are B. is C. were D. was10. Mr Smith, together with his children， _arrived. A. are B. has C. is D. have11. It _I who _leaving for London. A. isis B. amis C. isam D. amam12. Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of watching television. A. are B. were C. be D. is13. When and where to build the new factory _yet. A. is not decided B. are not decided C. has not decided D. have not decided17. Mathematics _the language of science. A. are B. are going to be C. is D. is to be18. Each of the students _ a Chinese-English dictionary. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are19. They each _ a beautiful handkerchief. A. have B. has C. there is D. there are 20. Between the two rows of trees _the teaching building. A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are21. This pair of shoes _made in Nanjing. A. is B. are C. have been D. had been22. No one except my parents _anything about it. A. know B. knows C. is knowing D. have known23. A number of students _from the south. A. are B. is C. have D. has24. The number of students from the north _small. A. are B. is C. have D. has25. Writing stories and articles _what I enjoy most， A. is B. are C. was D. were26. His “Selected Poems” _first published in 1965. A. were B. was C. has been D. are27. Miss Smith is a friend of _. A. Marys mothers B. Marys mother C. Mothers of Mary D. Mary mothers28. A good deal of money _spent on books. A. have B. has C. have been D. has been29. On the wall _ two large portraits. A. hangs B. hang C. hanged D. hanging30. _turn green in spring. A. Leaf B. Leafs C. Leave D. Leaves31. Father went to his doctor for _about his heart trouble. A. an advice B. advice C. advices D. the advices32. All but one _here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 33. The number of people invited _fifty， but a number of them _absent for different reasons. A. were； was B. was； was C. was； were D. were； were34. The air in big cities _very dirty by factories. A. are often made B. is often made C. have often made D. has often made35. Nobody _to smoke in the cinema. A. allows B. allow C. is allowed D. are allowed36. The Chinese people _hard-working and brave. A. are B. is C. has been D. are being37. _can be done _been done. A. All； have B. All that； have C. All； has D. All that； has38. John has two brothers, but either _out of work now. A. are B. is C. has D. have39. The police _the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre. A. is searching for B. were searching for C. are searching for D. were searching40. Apples of this kind _. A. tastes good B. tastes well C. taste good D. taste well41. Your trousers _dirty， you must have _washed. A. is； it B. are； it C. are； them D. is； them42. Where _rubbish， there are flies. A. there are B. there is C. is D. there has 43. The Olympic Games _held every _years. A. is； four B. are； four C. is； five D. are； five44. Many a man _ come to help us. A. have B. has C. is D. are45. Eating vegetables_ good for our health.A. is B. are C. were D. was46. Three-fourths of the homework _today. A. has finished B. has been finished C. have finished D. have been finished47. Those who _ in _compositions， please hand them in this afternoon. A. hasnt handed； his B. havent handed； their C. has handed； their D. have handed； his49. The whole class _the teacher attentively. A. are listening to B. is listening to C. are listening D. is listening50. The United States of America _one of the most developed countries in the world. A. is B. are C. was D. wereKEY： 1-5 BABAA 6-10 CDBDB 11-15 CDABA 16-20 BCBAB 21-25 ABABA