研究生英语词汇表.doc

研究生英语词汇表A1、Aberration n.失常events that were aberrations from the norm.不合常规的事件a mental aberration精神失常stealing chocolate in a moment of aberration一时糊涂偷了巧克力2、allure v.吸引Promises of quick profits allure the unwary investor.能很快收得到利润的承诺吸引了心存侥幸的投资者charms that still allure.仍然有吸引力的魅力allure sb. from诱使(某人)离开.allure (sb.) into to把(某人)诱入, 骗进They allured her into a snare.他们诱她落入圈套。3、amity n.友好, 亲善关系He lives in amity with his neighbours.他和他的邻居相处得很和睦。They parted in amity.他们很友好地分别了。4、analogous adj.类似的, 相似的, 可比拟的This proposal was analogous to/with the one we discussed at the last meeting.这项提案与上次会议上我们讨论过的那份提案相似。5、anomaly n.不规则, 异常的人或物“NASAs system for tracking anomalies for flight readiness reviews failed”(Presidential Commission Report on the Challenger Disaster)“在飞行准备阅兵式中，美国航空及太空总署的异常情况追踪系统失败了”(关于挑战者灾难的总统委员会报告) “Both men are anomalies: they have . . . likable personalities but each has made his reputation as a heavy”(David Pauly)“两个人都很特别：他们有相似的个性但每个人都有他自己的性格”(戴维保利)the anomaly of English spelling英语拼法的不规则6、angular adj.有角的an angular face.瘦削的脸庞an angular gait.笨拙的步法“the cold, angular brand of materialism”(David K. Willis)“唯物主义冷淡而刻板的标记”(戴维K.威利斯) 7、apathy n.缺乏感情或兴趣, 冷漠He has an apathy to food.他不思饮食。8、aspirant n.有抱负者, 有野心者adj.上进的, 有野心的an aspirant after for honors求名者literary aspirant有文学抱负者The examination was so rigid that nearly all aspirants were ruled out.考试很严, 几乎所有的考生都被淘汰了。9、assail vt.攻击, 质问was assailed by doubts.为疑惑而困扰10、audacious adj.大胆的, 卤莽的, 大胆创新的an audacious interpretation of two Jacobean dramas.对两部詹姆斯一世时期戏剧的创造性阐述audacious behavior无礼的行为11、audaciously adv.大胆地, 厚颜无耻的,大胆创新的12、above-board adj.率直的；坦诚的；光明磊落的Be open and above board with me.请坦诚待我。13、Aerate vt.使暴露于空气中, 使充满气体The writer aerateed his writing with a persuasive colloquialism.作者用一种有说服力的口语体使他的文章显得生动。Blood is aerated in the lungs.血液在肺中与氧结合。The potatoes were set outside to aerate.马铃薯放到外面通风。14、affront n.公开侮辱, 轻蔑vt.公开侮辱, 冒犯, 面对Such behavior is an affront to society.这种行为是对社会的蔑视affront death临死不惧15、albeit conj.虽然clear albeit cold weather.虽然天冷但仍很晴朗Albeit he has failed twice, he is not discouraged.虽然失败了两次，但他并没有气馁。Albeit fair, she was not sought after.尽管她很美,可没有人追求她。16、ambiguity n.含糊, 不明确“leading a life of alleged moral ambiguity”(Anatole Broyard)“过着一种道德观暧昧的生活”(阿纳托尔布鲁瓦亚尔) a poem full of ambiguities.一首充满模棱两可词句的诗latent ambiguity【律】潜在的含义不明确17、amoroso n.葡萄醇香酒adv, adj：performed with tenderness: to be played or sung in a gentle loving way (used as a musical direction) noun：dark sherry: a sweet dark sherry Amorous adj.多情的, 恋爱的, 表示爱情的an amorous glance.含情脉脉的一瞥an amorous poem.情诗amorous of you since the day we met.从我们相遇的那天我就爱上了你18、anachronistic adj.时代错误的，记时错误的19、anecdote n.轶事, 奇闻20、animate v.鼓舞adj.生气勃勃的“The party was animated by all kinds of men and women”(Ren Dubos)“各种各样的男男女女使这个晚会充满了活力”(赖恩杜伯斯) A smile animated her face.一个微笑使她的脸显得愉快。His excitement animated us all.他的激昂情绪振奋了我们大家。21、archives n.档案, 公文, 档案室, 案卷保管处the State A-Bureau国家档案局美 22、armpit n.腋窝，【俚语】 龌龊的事物：极其肮脏或令人厌恶的事物，地方或处境：“I think of PCP as the armpit of drugs. It is dirty, explosive, poisonous”(Ray Brett)“我认为天使尘是药物中最令人厌恶的东西。它脏，易爆，有毒”(雷布雷特) 23、artifact n.人造物品，典型产物：典型后果或结果：“The very act of looking at a naked model was an artifact of male supremacy”(Philip Weiss)“观看裸体模特的行为本身是男权至上的典型产物”(菲利普韦斯) 24、aura n.气氛, 气味, (圣象头部的)光环，医先兆, 预感An aura of defeat pervaded the candidates headquarters.失败的氛围笼罩着候选者总部25、auto-pilot n.自动操舵装置,自动驾驶装置，自动导航(装置)，自动绘图B26、Bankroll n.资金vt.提供资金27、barbarism n.野蛮, 未开化, 原始, 不文明28、bash v.怒殴, 打坏, 盛会, 狂欢n.怒殴, 猛击“He bashed the . . . government unmercifully over the . . . spy affair”(Lally Weymouth)“他就间谍风波毫不留情地指责政府”(拉利韦茅斯) He gave me a bash on the eyes.他一拳打在我眼睛上。bashsb. on the head猛击某人的头bash ones head against sth.把头往某物上猛撞He bashed the door in and entered the room.他破门进入房间。He bashed his finger with a hammer.他用锤子砸伤了自己的手指。give him bashes and kicks对他拳打脚踢I am doubtful whether I could ever learn English, but Im determined to have a bash at it.不晓得我能不能学会英语, 但是我决心试试看。have a bash尝试；企图Ive never cooked before, but I dont mind having a bash at it.我从来没有烧过菜,但我也不妨试一试。29、batter n.击球手v.打坏, 猛击a house battered by a hurricane; 被台风吹毁的房子；a wrist maimed in an accident; 在事故中受伤的手腕；a mangled corpse; 被砍得血肉模糊的尸体；a tent mauled by a hungry bear; 被恶熊破坏的帐篷；mutilated the painting with a razor blade. 用刀片割坏的绘画Theres someone battering at the door.有人在用力敲门。While the battered car was moving away, Roy stopped his bus and telephoned the police.在这辆被撞坏的车开走的时候,罗伊把车停了下来,打电话给警察局。30、beat n.敲打, 拍子, 巡逻区域v.打, 打败，煅造，踏出，踩成，搅拌，战胜，杀价，移开，困惑，榨取，剥夺waves beating the shore.海浪拍击着海岸beat a drum.击鼓beat the glowing metal into a dagger.把灼热的金属锻造成匕首beat a path through the jungle.在丛林中踩出一条路beat two eggs in a bowl.在碗里打两只鸡蛋beat back the enemy.击退敌人I beat him down to a lower price.我迫使他把价格降低It beats me; I dont know the answer.这可难倒了我；我不知道答案beat the traffic.设法躲开交通拥挤We beat you home by five minutes.我比你早到家5分钟 He beat me out of 20 dollars with his latest scheme.他用新招骗取了我20块钱The gong beat thunderously.锣声如雷televisions culture beat.电视的文化专题采访the beat generation.披头族31、bedlam n.混乱, 骚乱情景, 疯人院a regular bedlam乱七八糟32、belittle vt.轻视, 使渺小, 使.显得渺小a person who belittled our efforts to do the job right.一个小看我们为做好工作而付出的努力的人The size of the office tower belittles the surrounding buildings.这座办公楼的规模使周围的建筑物相形见小 belittle oneself自卑A poor but honest man is not to be belittled.穷而诚实的人是不该让人小看的。33、below-stairs 34、benign adj.(病)良性的, (气候)良好的, 仁慈的, 和蔼的the benign influence of pure air. 纯净空气的有益影响a benign tumor.良性肿瘤a benign climate温和的气候35、bewilderment n.困惑, 迷乱, 为难, 慌张a bewiderment of lies and half-truths.谎言和真假参半的困惑I was bewildered by the maze of streets in the city.我被市里错综复杂的街道弄糊涂了。a complexity of logic that bewilders and confuses使人糊涂而混淆的复杂逻辑36、big-time adj.一流的, 快乐时光expect a big corn crop期望粮食丰收be big with child怀孕a big talker爱吹牛的人a man with a big heart一个度量宽宏的人The big moment has come at last.重要时刻终于到来了。37、billycock n.小礼帽, 低圆顶的毡帽38、boa n.蟒蛇, 女用毛皮, 围巾39、bootleg v.私卖(酒)， 偷制和贩卖a clandestine outfit that bootlegs record albums and tapes.非法贩卖唱片和磁带的地下商店bootleg gin; bootleg tapes.非法售卖的杜松子酒；盗版磁带40、broke adj.一文不名的vbl. break的过去式“Following the election, the Democrats were demoralized, discredited, and broke”(Thomas P. ONeill, Jr.)“大选过后，民主党人士气低落、名声扫地、缺乏资金”(小托马斯P.奥涅尔)41、bruise n.瘀伤, 擦伤v.打伤, 撞伤bruised the fruit by careless packing.包装时不小心碰伤了水果Peaches bruise easily.桃子很容易碰伤She bruised her knee.她的膝盖擦伤了。cuts and bruises刀剑伤和跌打伤Her feeling was bruised.她的感情受到伤害。Tomatoes bruise easily.西红柿很容易碰伤。42、buff n.浅黄色, 软皮，由牛皮制成的，【非正式用语】 赤裸的皮肤swimming in the buff. a buff jacket.牛皮夹克swimming in the buff.裸泳43、buffer n.缓冲器“A sense of humor . . . may have served as a buffer against the . . . shocks of disappointment”(James Russell Lowell)“幽默感或许可以当作受到失望打击时的缓冲物”(詹姆斯罗素洛厄尔) The drug buffered his pain.药物减轻了他的病痛。44、barbecue n.吃烤烧肉的野餐45、bawl n.叫骂声v.大叫He bawled at me.他大声向我吆喝。Her rude husband bawled for his dinner.她那粗鲁的丈夫大声喊着要吃饭。The captain bawled out an order to his soldiers.队长向士兵们大声发出命令。bawl at sb.对某人吆喝She bawled to me across the street.她在街的对面大声叫我。A good bawl usually makes her feel better.一场号哭通常会使她好过些。The peddler bawled his wares in the street.小贩沿街叫卖。46、bereft adj.被剥夺的, 失去亲人的, 丧失的They are bereft of their dignity.他们被夺去了尊严“Todays graduates seem keenly aware that the future is bereft of conventional expectations”(Bruce Weber)“现在的毕业生似乎敏锐地认识到了未来缺乏旧有的期望”(布鲁斯韦伯) the bereft parents.丧失孩子的父母47、big-bucks：plural noun money: a large amount of money (slang) 48、bleak adj.寒冷的, 阴冷的, 荒凉的, 凄凉的, 黯淡的，暗淡的和昏暗的；阴郁的“Life in the Aran Islands has always been bleak and difficult”(John Millington Synge)“艾伦群岛的生活一直是困苦不堪的”(约翰米林顿辛格) a bleak prospect.暗淡的前景bleak winds of the North Atlantic.北大西洋的冷风the bleak, treeless regions of the high Andes.安第斯高山荒凉无树的地区49、bonnet n.无边女帽, 童帽, 烟囱帽, 阀帽vt.给.戴帽子; 给.加罩，把(某人)帽子拉下遮住其眼睛，俚合伙诱骗a mother bonneting her children给孩子戴帽子的母亲50、bottom-line帐本底线的；专用于成本和利润的；务实的：极度务实的；重实效的bottom-line issues.盈亏结算报告a bottom-line political strategy.一个非常务实的政治谋略51、browse v.n.浏览, 吃草, 放牧browsed through the record collection for items of interest.大致看一下收集的唱片，想找自己感兴趣的browsed through the report during lunch.吃中餐时随意翻看报告browsed the evening paper; browsing the gift shops for souvenirs.浏览晚报；漫步礼品店搜寻纪念品C52、Cacophony n.刺耳的音调, 不协和音, 杂音heard a cacophony of horns during the traffic jam.交通阻塞时，听到一片不和谐的喇叭声53、camaraderie n.同志之爱, 友情54、caricature n.讽刺画, 漫画, 讽刺描述法, 歪曲(或拙劣)的模仿vt.画成漫画讽刺The trial was a caricature of justice.这次审判是对正义的滑稽模仿55、casino n.娱乐场(供表演跳舞、赌博的地方), (=cassino)一种由二至四人玩的纸牌游戏56、celebrity n.名声, 名人a celebrity fundraising dinner; celebrity exercise books.一次社会名流筹措资金的晚宴；人人皆知的练习书social celebrities; 社会名流；the heroes of science; 科学精英；a theatrical luminary; 理论人才；a big name in sports; 体育巨星；a notable of the concert stage; 著名的音乐人士；a personage in the field of philosophy. 哲学界的知名人士57、chiffon n.纺薄纱,薄绸, 缎带,花边a lemon chiffon pie.一块松软的柠檬饼58、chintz n.印花棉布（亦作chints）59、chuckle n.吃吃的笑声vi.吃吃的笑, 咯咯叫60、cockey Cockeye adj.喝醉的, 扭曲的n.斜视Cokey n.可卡因瘾君子n.硬化了的,不完全硬化,未硬透Cocky adj.骄傲的, 自大的, 过于自信的be cocky (at success)(因为成功而)翘尾巴61、commanding adj.指挥的, 居高临下的，发号施令的took a commanding lead at the polls; a commanding view of the ocean.在选举投票中取得绝对领先；海洋中地势险要的位置commanding officer(美军)少尉至上校军衔的指挥官speak in a commanding tone用威严的调子说话commanding influences深刻的影响a commanding elevation point制高点62、compelling adj.强制的, 强迫的, 引人注目的a host of compelling socioeconomic problems.许多令人不得不接受的社会经济问题compelling ambition and egotism.令人信服的志气和自负a man of compelling integrity一位令人起敬的正直人士63、confrontation n.面对, 面对面, 对质，认真地比较a nuclear confrontation.核对抗an age of ideological confrontation.一个意识形态对抗的年代an essay that brought elements of biography, autobiography, and general European history into powerful, meaningful confrontation.一篇对传记、自传和欧洲通史进行了有力地、深刻比较的论文64、congruent adj.适合的congruent triangles.全等角congruent numbers.同余数congruent triangles全等叠合三角形65、console vt.安慰, 藉慰n.计 控制台console a friend in grief在朋友忧伤时予以慰问66、contour n.轮廓, 周线, 等高线contour plowing.沿着地形犁地a contour sheet.一件形状合适的被单The contour of the Atlantic coast of America is very irregular.美国沿太平洋的海岸线非常曲折。contour map等高线图67、coral n.珊瑚, 珊瑚虫68、counterpart n.副本, 极相似的人或物, 配对物The foreign minister is the counterpart of the secretary of state.外交部长是和国务秘书对等的人Night is the counterpart of day.黑夜与白天相辅相成。It has no counterpart in the world.举世无双。counterpart funds相对基金， 对应基金69、convent n.女修道会, 女修道院go into a convent做尼姑修女70、cram v.填满was up all night cramming for the history midterm.整夜未眠准备历史期中考试There was such a cram in the church.教堂里拥挤得要命。She crammed for her history exam.她死记硬背以应付历史考试。Its dangerous for too many people to be crammed into a bus.公共汽车超载人员是危险的。This encyclopedia is crammed with information about everything under the sun.这部百科全书拥有世上一切知识。71、caprice n.反复无常, 任性, 怪想A hailstorm in July is a caprice of nature.七月天的一场冰雹是大自然的反复无常的变化the caprice of the wind风的多变He acted not from reason, but from caprice.他不是凭理智, 而是凭幻想来行动。72、carefree adj.无忧无虑的, 轻松愉快的, 不负责的73、carriage-rug 74、cash-register 75、catnap n.小睡, 小憩vi.打瞌睡, 假寐76、check-out-counter付款台,付帐柜台,出口付款柜77、chiropractor n.脊椎指压治疗者【医】(脊柱)按摩疗法医生78、cholesterol n.胆固醇79、communicant n.领圣餐者, 报导者, 通知者adj.传达消息的80、compartmentalize vt.划分“You learn . . . even the ability to compartmentalize ethics”(Ellen Goodman)“你甚至学习把伦理学加以分割的能力”(埃伦古德曼)81、concessionaire n.受让人,特许权获得者82、conformity n.一致, 符合I acted in conformity with my principles.我按照我的原则办事conformity to university regulations.遵守大学规则conformity certificate合格证（明）Was his action in conformity with the law?他的行动是否合法？C-to fashion is not essential to the happiness of all women.赶时髦对所有妇女的幸福并非都是必要的。83、congeal v.(使)冻结, (使)凝结“My aim . . . was to take the Hill by storm before . . . opposition to spending cuts congealed”(David A. Stockman)“在对手花功夫对付冰块之前，我的目标是在暴风雪中征服那座山”(戴维A.斯托克曼) Water congeals into ice.水结成冰。His blood was congealed.他的血液凝结了（被吓呆了）。84、contemplate v.凝视, 沉思, 预期, 企图contemplated the problem from all sides; contemplated the mystery of God.从各方面慎重考虑这个问题；思考关于上帝的奥秘contemplate marriage; forced by the accident to contemplate retirement.打算结婚；因意外因素而被迫打算撤退contemplate visiting Beijing打算访问北京He stood there -ting the famous painting.他站在那里仔细地观赏着名画。I lay in bed -ting what to do next.我躺在床上思考着下一步做什么。All day he did nothing but contemplated.他整天什么也没干， 一个劲儿地在冥思苦想。85、corporate adj.社团的, 法人的, 共同的, 全体的corporate assets; corporate culture.社团资产；社团文化made a corporate effort to finish the job.通过集体的共同努力完成这项工作a corporate body团体； 法人组织corporate responsibility共同责任corporate town自治城市86、cot n.轻便小床, 帆布床87、covet v.垂涎, 觊觎The boys coveted Johns new hat.孩子们都想戴一戴约翰的新帽子。Its a sin to covet.贪得无厌是一种罪恶。All covet；all lose.谚贪多必失。88、crackle n.劈啪响, 裂纹vi.(使)发劈啪声a fire crackling in the wood stove.柴火在炉中劈啪作响a book that crackles with humor.一本充满着幽默的书the distant crackle of rifle fire远处传来的枪声A fire crackled on the hearth.火在炉中噼啪作响。It is an anthology that crackles with wit and wisdom.这是一本妙语连珠、智慧洋溢的文集。89、cramp n.抽筋, 腹部绞痛, 月经痛adj.狭窄的, 难解的vt.使抽筋, 以铁箍扣紧were cramped in the tiny cubicle.被关在这个小卧室中spring cramp弹簧夹90、croon v.低声歌唱, 低声哼, 低吟n.低唱, 低吟, 轻哼crooning a lullaby.轻声哼唱一首摇篮曲The mother crooned her baby to sleep.母亲低声哼着哄婴儿入睡。91、cryogenically cryogenics n.低温学cryogenic adj.低温学的; 低温实验法的;制冷的,冷冻的92、cynical adj.愤世嫉俗的，讽世的；对别人的动机、善行或正直鄙视的a cynical distrust of friendly strangers; a cynical view of the average voters intelligence.对和善的陌生人轻蔑的不信任；对每个投票者的智力表示轻视的看法cynical laughter.冷笑93、cynicism n.犬儒主义, 玩世不恭, 冷嘲热讽，愤世嫉俗，讥嘲的习癖：蔑视的、尖刻挖苦的态度或特性the public cynicism aroused by governmental scandals.政府丑闻引起公众的怀疑讥讽D94、Desperado n.暴徒, (尤指早期美国西部的)亡命之徒95、deter v.阻止“Does negotiated disarmament deter war?”(Edward Teller)“裁军协议能阻止战争吗?”(爱德华泰勒)“Its this edge that gives nuclear weapons their power to deter”(Thomas Powers)“正是这个优势赋予了核武器威慑力量”(托马斯鲍尔斯)paint sth. to deter rust涂漆防锈Failure did not deter us from trying it again.失败并没有能阻挡我们再次进行试验。96、diffuse v.散播, 传播, 漫射, 扩散, (使)慢慢混合adj.散开的, 弥漫的diffuse learning传播学问diffuse lighting漫射灯光(与直射相对而言)diffuse sound漫射声97、dilettante n.业余艺术爱好者adj.业余艺术爱好的98、discount n.折扣vt.打折扣,减价,低估discount a rumor.对谣言漠然置之took care not to discount his wifes accomplishments.当心别低估了他妻子的成就a discount market; discount merchandise.打折商场；打折商品at 15% discount打八五折discount of 30%七折accept a statement with some discount不全信一种说法They give 10% discount for cash payment.现金付款, 他们给以九折优待。discount 20 %打八折be discounted at 10 %打九折discount what he said不全信他说的话The store discounted all clothing for the sale.该店服装全部减价出售。His information is not to be discounted.他的消息不可不重视。99、dislocation n.混乱, 断层, 脱臼“the severe emotional dislocation experienced by millions of immigrants . . . who were forced to separate themselves forever from the . . . circle of people and places on which they had depended”(Doris Kearns Goodwin)“数以百万计的移民经历了感情上的严重混乱他们被迫从曾依赖的一圈人和地方中永远的分离出去”(多丽丝克恩斯古德温) a disastrous economic dislocation caused by war由战争引起的灾难性的经济混乱100、disorientation n.方向知觉的丧失, 迷惑，定向障碍 101、dissect v.把.解剖(动植物等), 切开仔细研究, 把.切成碎片dissected the plan afterward to learn why it had failed. 事后仔细分析那项计划以便搞清它失败的原因dissect an idea仔细分析一种思想102、distraction n.娱乐, 分心, 分心的事物loved the puppy to distraction.爱狂妄自大的年轻人爱得发狂There are plenty of distractions here.这里有许多娱乐活动。103、dominance n.优势, 统治104、driveway私人车道;连接房子、车库或其它建筑物与街道间的私人车道105、defer vi.推迟, 延期, 听从, 服从vt.使推迟, 使延期deferred paying the bills; 延迟付款；postponing our trip; 推迟我们的旅行；shelved the issue; 推迟处理这个问题；stay an execution; 推迟完成；suspending train service. 推迟火车交通服务defer payment延期付款defer red income延缓收益I shall defer replying till I hear from home.我将等接到家信以后再给你答复。106、deodorant n.除臭剂adj.除臭的107、deplete vt.耗尽, 使衰竭I always replenish my food supply before it is depleted. 我总是在我的食物吃完之前加以补充。War often drains a nations economy. 战争经常耗尽一个国家的经济。“The resources of civilization are not yet exhausted” (William Ewart Gladstone). “文明的源泉永远不会枯竭” （威廉姆爱德华哥莱德斯托恩）。“His death has eclipsed the gaiety of nations, and impoverished the public stock of harmless pleasure” (Samuel Johnson). “他的死给全国的欢乐投上阴影，也使公众再也无法享受无害的欢乐” （塞缪尔约翰逊）。 Idleness enervates the will to succeed. 懒惰削弱了成功的决心108、desacralization desacralize vt.使非神圣化, 使世俗化剥去神圣外衣；使走下神坛：剥去神圣的或宗教的显赫之处109、design n.设计, 图案, 花样, 企图, 图谋, (小说等的)构思, 纲要v.设计, 计划, 谋划, 构思design a good excuse for not attending the conference.编造一个好的借口，不参加这次会议designed a marketing strategy for the new product.为新产品制定营销策略design a building; design a computer program.设计一个建筑物；设计一个计算机程序a game designed to appeal to all ages.为能吸引各个年龄层次的人而设计的游戏110、devoutly adv.虔诚地, 虔敬地111、dovecote n.鸽房, 鸽舍112、display vt.陈列, 展览, 显示n.陈列, 展览, 显示,显示,显示器a shrub that displays hardiness.长得很坚实的灌木a smirk that displayed contempt.表现出轻蔑的假笑The peacock displayed its fan.孔雀展开了它的尾巴a personal computer that displays and prints.显示并打印的个人电脑a display of temper.性情的表露a display cabinet; picked display type for the new advertising campaign.陈列橱；为新的广告竞赛挑选醒目的式样a tasteless display of wealth; 对财富庸俗的炫耀；an array of diamond rings in a showcase; 陈列框里的一排钻石项链；a panoply of alpine peaks; 高峰林立，气势磅礴；a parade of knowledge and virtue; 知识和美德的炫耀；the pomp of a coronation ceremony.加冕典礼的盛况113、dodder vi.摇摆, 蹒跚n.植 菟丝子114、dogged adj.顽固的, 顽强的a dogged scholar坚持自己主张的学者His dogged determination helped him to win the race.他的坚强决心使他赢得比赛。115、dollop n.块, 团a dollop of ice cream.一块冰淇淋a dollop of whiskey.一点威士忌not a dollop of truth to the story.故事一点也不真实a dollop of soda water少量苏打水116、dossier n. 档案, 卷宗a complete dossier on an individual关于某人情 况的全套档案117、drachma n.古希腊的银币名, 古希腊的重量单位118、draftsman n.起草人, 立案者, 绘图员E119、Effigy n.(被憎恨或蔑视的人的)肖像, 雕像in effigy模拟像：象征性的，特别是以模拟像的形式：The deposed dictator was burne