职工下岗失业的原因.doc

二、我国职工下岗、失业的原因主要有以下几个方面Our country worker the laid-off workers and unemployed reason mainly in the following aspects(一)劳动力总量过大，劳动力增长快，但素质普遍较差Labor total too large, labor is growing faster, but quality is generally poor(二)社会再生产理论研究薄弱，缺乏指导Social reproduction theory research is weak, lack of guidance(三)计划经济条件下实行的就业体制和就业政策Planned economy to the employment system and employment policy(四)长期以来重复建设、盲目建设以及企业经营机制深层矛盾多年积累的结果Long-term since repetitive construction and blind construction and enterprise operation mechanism underlying contradictions years of accumulation of results(五)随着改革的深入，科学技术的进步，劳动力的相应调整与流动会经常发生As the reform further, the progress of science and technology, the corresponding adjustment and labor flow often happens(六)企业经营的失误。管理不力，经营不善Enterprise management mistakes. Management poor, poor management (七)经济转型形成的失业Economic transition form of unemployment(八)经济结构调整形成的失业The readjustment of the economic structure formation of unemployment(九)摩擦性失业 friction unemployment三、有效治理失业和解决就业问题的政策措施(一)将充分就业作为政府宏观经济政策的优先目标Will full employment as the governments macroeconomic policy priority target(二)充分发挥中小企业吸纳下岗失业人员的功能Give full play to small and medium-sized enterprise reemploy laid-off workers function(三)大力开展职业培训，提高劳动力素质Vigorously develop vocational training, improve the quality of the labor force(四)充分发挥第三产业吸纳就业人员的功能Give full play to the third industry absorb employment personnel function(五)下岗失业人员要实现就业观念的转变，增强自主择业意识Laid-off workers to realize the transformation of employment concept, strengthening independent careers.it consciousness(六)鼓励灵活就业(也叫“非正规就业”)Encourage flexible employment (also called informal employment)(七)加快形成市场导向就业机制的步伐。解决就业问题的实质是对劳动力资源的充分合理的配置。在这方面，劳动力市场起着不可替代的作用。目前尽快规范全国统一的就业市场，营造公平合理的求职环境就显得尤为重要。Accelerate the establishment of a market-oriented employment mechanism pace. Solving the employment problem in essence of labor resource sufficient and reasonable configuration. In this respect, the Labour market plays an irreplaceable role. Currently standardize nationwide unified employment market, to create a fair, reasonable employment environment are particularly important(八)加快产业结构调整，积极发展第三产业Speed up the industrial structure adjustment, positive development of the third industry(九)发展中小企业，拓宽就业渠道The development of small and medium-sized enterprises, broaden the channels of employment(十)加快农业结构调整的步伐，增加劳动密集型农产品的生产，稳定农业就业量。加大统筹城乡就业力度，推进劳动力就业的城乡一体化进程Speed up the pace of agricultural structure adjustment and agricultural production increase labor-intensive agriculture employment, stable. Increase the coordination of urban and rural employment dynamics, promote labor employment of urban-rural integration process (十一)大力加强职业培训和就业服务，提高劳动者的就业能力和适应职业标号的能力。要把职业培训作为促进再就业、化解结构性失业矛盾的重要手段Strengthen vocational training and employment services, enhance their employment capability and adapt vocational label ability. To the vocational training as promoting reemployment and dissolve the structural unemployment contradiction the important means(十二)建立失业预警系统，完善社会保障制度积极有效的治理失业和解决就业问题的政策措施。Establish unemployment warning system, perfect social security system positive and effective control unemployment and the policies and measures for solving the employment problem(十三)加快经济发展，扩大就业规模保持国民经济持续快速增长，是解决就业的根本途径To speed up the economic development and expand employment scale to keep the rapid economic growth, is the basic way to solve the employment1. 积极发展农村经济，分流农村剩余劳动力。Actively developing the rural economy and shunt rural surplus labor 2. 大力发展第三产业，吸纳更多的劳动力就业。Develop the third industry, attracting more labor employment(十四)加大人力资本投资力度，提高劳动者素质，促进就业 Increase the human capital investment, improve the quality of workers and promoting employment(十五)依法规范劳动力市场，促进劳动力合理流动加快劳动力市场建设To standardize the Labour market, promote the Labour rational flow speed up labor market construction(十六)积极扩大国内需求，促进经济增长Actively expanding domestic demand, promoting the economic growth (十七)大力发展第三产业，扩大就业Develop the third industry to expand employment (十八)发展中小企业，创造就业机会Development of small and medium enterprises, and create more jobs(十九)大力发展教育培训事业，加大对劳动力市场建设的投资Vigorously developing education training undertakings and intensify the labor market construction investment(二十)切实做好国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障和再就业工作Earnestly state-owned company off-duty workers basic life safeguard and reemployment work(二十一)加强对劳动力再生产理论的研究To strengthen labor reproduction theory research目前，我国正面临着严峻的就业形势。劳动力供大于求，失业人口较多，就业压力较大。职工下岗、失业和再就业已成为人们关注的热点、焦点，这也是困扰我国经济发展和政治稳定的主要问题。为了能够确认识这一问题，本文主要提出了有效治理失业和解决就业问题的政策措施： (1)积极扩大内需，促进经济增长；(2)大力发展第三产业，扩大就业；(3)发展中小企业，创造就业机会；(4)大力发展教育培训事业；(5)切实做好国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障和再就业工作；(6)加强对劳动力再生产理论的研究。At present, China is faced with severe employment situation. Labor supply, unemployed population is more, the employment pressure is bigger. Worker the laid-off workers and unemployed and reemployment has become a hot spot, the focus of attention, this also is perplexs the economy development and the main problems of political stability. In order to be able to really know this problem, This paper mainly puts forward effective control unemployment and the policies and measures for solving the employment problem:(1) Actively expanding domestic demand and promote economic growth(2) Develop the third industry to expand employm