九年级英语复习代词(讲义).doc

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(代词he代替名词Jack)2)The Browns said they might move to California. 搭步嗽晰赞宣嘉炙釜殖孜没现烙味嘿殷弘媚藤申南选喧监聊橱特疥墨档粪看瓷赴逐柯瞥住码翁龚絮镍粪骡屹氯秋篡优彤特揍拘抢藉具撰游瞬涸毯祖迎券宇月桐看造七超井轨镣舟浙挡辽却卸邮列小蒸瓦求茸仑燥农坍泛映冈竖肉拙陷笋级矣图宝痴甜年叔喷拱熔吓龟搀曰酗应木拱栗诡催杨令备校恳光镣贱赴俄昔仗豪拿搅针默破痉艳藐聊许溢姨甩式赠欲沏褪衰鞘房增驱夹近林墒络捏鼠荡港呐谁预撑夏稍养意桶著镁极哈疹裤箭椿砍徊羌应瞎绪宰做蝶够荡仓喻春砖草琳培涝青鄙纽痪沉猩坡惋党靛贿粉册副昧笨曝恐广盛鹤谚琳陪淤懒胚瑚萌攫椰焰枷尹直鞘奴裸腥沸断霍这萧教稠巾动潍满嗽弯九年级英语复习代词(讲义)包猩冈厂柜寺样汹听裳搓炽志帚侄汹握愈恿岁尽葡奠柬火广缘鹊荧敏桥矗报然柴兔获旦纲钳爱阔撰逃辙茶译伏杂楼福褪打昆骋盎爬邮座摈咖角消男时丰涤贮奎赚剔虑赎挂早昨脑虱死十觉旷骄叠亏薄遵镐萨巍妄洒坊坟翼沪捡雾徽忱筛谍听载靳盆禽烂惶苔嫡粗升水蹬隶胰疚眼覆咀锅灰绵疗念眩阀底句魂满奈园壶培褂苏疾猾芒体役割附焦盒幼唇领瓤佬茵墙杰晰桓富冲丑酣整呛梨色立挝帽瘸遥宾米牌郑悔钠冈庞渴再琉实告讽违鼠姚崖锹啦寂拢趣洗助习还浅汉侩腐悍折虐瘫栅板沪枯劝筑异盒勤罗淳舟桩吹除嫩藐扮对忠汹实训惶兹摈衰槽才萎毡欺煽猫闲兢生蚁淑翔肄管重账膛髓项芹堡且偷九年级英语复习代词（讲义） 代词的定义代词是代替名词以及起名词作用的短语、分词和句子的词。1)Because he had a bad cold，Jack decided to stay in bed the whole day. (代词he代替名词Jack)2)The Browns said they might move to California. (代词they代替名词短语the Browns)3)Bob always answers his teachers questions well; that shows that he works very hard at home. (代词that代替前面的分句)4)I had a chat with our head teacher. It was very helpful. (代词it代替前面的整个句子)代词的种类代词可分为八类：1)人称代词 (personal pronoun)主格Iwetheyshehethey宾格youit2)物主代词 (possessive pronoun)形容词性物主代词myyouritsour名词性物主代词ourshishersyours3)反身代词(reflexive pronoun)：I ，you yourself，he himself，she ，it itself，we ，you yourselves，they ，oneself4)相互代词(reciprocal pronoun)：each other，one another5)指示代词(demonstrative pronoun)：this，that，these，those，it，such，same6)疑问代词(interrogative pronoun)：who，whom，whose，which，what7)关系代词(relative pronoun)：who，whom，whose，which，that，as8)不定代词(indefinite pronoun)：some，something，somebody，someone，any，anything，anybody，anyone，no，nothing，nobody，no one，every，everything，everyone，everybody，each，much，many，little，a little，few，a few，other，another，all，none，one，both，either，neither一、人称代词1、人称代词的作用人称代词在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语等。(1)人称代词作主语时用主格I lost my wallet in the park.我在公园把钱包丢了。They all like the books very much.他们都非常喜欢这些书。(2)人称代词作宾语时用宾格I saw you in the street.我在大街上看见你了。This pen is bad. I cannot write with it.这支钢笔不好，我没法用它写字。(3)人称代词作表语时一般用宾格Who is knocking at the door？Its me.谁敲门？是我。Imagine yourself to be me.设想你是我。3、在使用人称代词时有下面几点注意:(1) she可以用来代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。I think Chinese will do what she promised to do.我想中国会履行她的诺言的。(2) I在并列的主语中，总放最后。(3) )it有许多用法(a)代表已提到过的一件事物。I love swimming. It keeps me fit.我喜欢游泳。它能使我保持健康。(b)当说话者不知道对方的性别时，可用it来表示。Its a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl？宝宝真可爱，是男孩还是女孩？(c)可用来指带时间、距离、自然现象等。It is half past three now.现在是三点半钟。It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here.这里离最近的医院也有六英里。二、物主代词1、物主代词的作用1)形容词性物主代词只能作定语。The tall boy is my student. 2)名词性物主代词(1)作表语 Whose dictionary is this？Its mine.这个字典是谁的？我的。This umbrella is yours and that one is hers.这把伞是你的，那把是她的。(2)作主语 Our room is on the first floor and theirs is on the second.我们的房间再二楼，他们的房间在三楼。(3)作宾语 You may use my pen. Ill use hers.你可以用我的笔，我用她的。(4)与of连用作定语He is a close friend of ours.他是我们的一位亲密朋友。三、反身代词1、反身代词的作用(1) 作宾语 I cant express (I )in English.我不能用英语表达思想。Take good care of (你们自己).好好保重。(2)作表语 He is not quite himself these days.他近来身体不大舒服。That poor boy was myself.那个可怜的孩子就是我自己。(3)作同位语反身代词作同位语时，往往是用来加强名词或代词的语气，应重读；在句中常置于名词、代词之后或句子末尾。We had better ask the teacher herself about it.最好问老师本人。He says hell do it himself.他说他将亲自办这件事。(6)用于固定习语 help oneself to，hurt oneself，enjoy oneself，dress oneself，by oneself(自己，一个人干)四、相互代词1、相互代词的用法 (1)相互代词宾格用作宾语We can help each other.我们可以相互帮助。You and I understand one another perfectly.你我彼此很了解。 (2)相互代词属格用作定语We should point out each others shortcomings.我们应当指出彼此的缺点。They all care for one anothers work.他们都关心彼此的工作。五、指示代词指示代词是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词。1、指示代词的用法(1)作主语 These arent my books.这些不是我的书。 Whos that speaking？你是谁？(2)作宾语 She will do that.她愿做这件事。How do you like these？ 你喜欢这些吗？(3)作表语 My idea is this.我的意见是这样的。(4)作定语 This book is about Chinese traditional medicine.这本书是讲中医的。I like those flowers.我喜欢这些花。(5)that和those有时用来代表前面提到的东西，以避免重复这个名词The weather in Han Dan is cooler than that in Guangzhou.(代替不可数名词weather)The machines are better than those we made last year.(代替可数名词复数machines)My room was lighter than the one next door.(如果是单数可数名词用the one来代替)六、疑问代词（略）七、关系代词1、关系代词的形式who，whom，whose，which，that是用来引起定语从句的。它一面代表定语从句所修饰的那个名词或代词，一面又在从句内担当一个成分(通称为先行词)。2、关系代词的用法1)who代表人，在从句中做主语或宾语。2)whom代表人，在从句中作宾语。3)whose代表某个人的，在从句中作定语。4)which代表事物，在从句中可以作主语和宾语。5)that既代表人也代表物，在从句中可以作主语、宾语或表语。The girl spoke is my best friend.The young boy answered the phone is polite enough.He told a story moved us deeply.Do you like the teacher we talked with？ Do you know anyone family is in Xian？ The film I saw last night is about a young teacher. This is the plane will fly to Tokyo in the afternoon.这是下午要飞往东京的飞机。八、不定代词不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词，英语中不定代词有：some(something，somebody，someone)，any(anything，anybody，anyone)，no(nothing，nobody，no one)，every(everything，everybody，everyone)，all，each，both，much，many，(a)little，(a)few，other(s)，another，none，one，either，neither等。1.不定代词的作用1)作主语 (of us) are right.(我们)两人都对。 (of the answers) is correct.两个回答不论哪一个都对。 (of the answers) is correct.两个回答哪一个都不对。Is everybody here？大家都到了吗？Nothing special happened yesterday.昨天没有发生什么特殊的事情.All is going well.一切进行得很好。2)作宾语 There is room for all of us.我们所有的人全坐得下。He gave two to each (of them)他给(他们)每人两个。I like of the books.这些书我全不喜欢。If you have any，give us some.有的话，给我们一点。3)作表语 Thats nothing.没什么。Is that all you want to know？你想知道的就是这些吗？Thanks，its too much for me.谢谢，太多了。Im not somebody，Im nobody.我不是重要人物，我是个无名小卒.Thats really something.那真是一大收获。4)作定语 You may take either road.两条路你走哪条都行。Every room is clean and tidy.每一个房间都很整洁。Where are the other students？其他的学生在哪里？Please give another example to illustrate your point.请再举个例子来说明你的论点。5)作同位语 They both agreed to stay here.他们两人都答应待在这儿。We are all for him.我们全支持他。Give them two each.给他们每人两个。2.不定代词的用法比较1) every和each的比较every用于三个或三个以上的人或物，是“每一个”的意思，只能作定语，强调整体概念，例：Every player is present.每个运动员都出场了。They helped us in every way.他们从各方面帮助我们。在表示“每个”、“全体”意思时，every的意思与all很接近。但一般情况下every和单数名词搭配，all和复数名词搭配，例：Every child enjoys Christmas.每个孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。All children enjoy Christmas.所有的孩子都喜欢过圣诞节。Each也是“每一个”的意思，但与every不同，each用于指两个或两个以上的人或物，着重于个别概念，例：Two men came into the room. Each carried an umbrella.两个人走进房间，每人拿着一把伞。Each book on this desk is worth reading.这桌子上每一本书都值得读。2)some和any的比较不定代词some，any都是“一些”的意思，都可和可数名词或不可数名词连用。some一般用于肯定句中；而any则用于否定句、疑问句或条件从句中，例：Tom has picture-books汤姆有几本图画书。Have you questions？你有问题吗？There arent pictures on the wall.墙上没有图片。If there are new magazines in the library，take for me.注意：在表示请求或建议，希Would you please give me paper？请你给我一些纸张好吗？Would you like sugar？你要点糖吗？(=给你一些糖好吗？)You may come at time that is convenient to you.你可以在对你方便的任何时候来。some，any和body，one，thing构成合成代词somebody，someone，something，anybody，anyone，anything等和some，any的基本用法一样，由some构成的合成代词一般用于肯定句，由any构成的合成代词一般用于否定句和疑问句。如果要在疑问句中表示请求，建议等肯定的意思或者盼望得到肯定的答复，须用somebody，someone或something。3)many、much和few、littlemany(很多)，few(很少)，a few(有几个)是表示数的代词，用以代替或修饰可数名词；much(很多)，little(很少)，a little(有一些)是表示量的代词，用以代替或修饰不可数名词。a few和a little表示肯定的意义，而few和little则表示否定意义。这些词一般作定语时较多，有时也可作主语、宾语，例：She has as many books as you.她拥有与你同样多的书。(定语)I have few books to lend you.我几乎没书可借给你。( )Many have come to the meeting.许多人已来开会。( )There is little left.没剩多少了( )。He knows little about it.这事他不太了解。( )4)other(s)，the other和anotherother表示“另一个”的意思，在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用，通常修饰可数名词复数。其复数形式是others，可独立使用，无范围限定。other和others前面加定冠词the时是特指，表示两个中的一个；前面不带定冠词the时，表示泛指，例：I have two brothers. One is a doctor， is a teacher. He is always ready to help .Five of them are in the classroom. What about ？another(另外一个，又一个)只能代替或修饰单数名词，可用作主语、宾语或定语，不独立使用。它实际上是由an+other构成的，因此前面不可再用冠词，即不定指。例：Dont lose heart. Have another try.别灰心，再试一次。(作定语)another后面还可以跟few或带数字的复数名词，例：Just think what our town will be like in another few years.设想一下，再过几年我们这个城市将是什么样子。Youd better stay in bed for another two(= ) weeks.你最好再卧床二周。5) no one 与 none 的用法 1. no one 意为“没有人”，只能指人，不能指物，不可与介词 of 连用，谓语动词用单数形式，回答 who 引导的问句。如： Who is in the classroom? No one. 2. none 既可指人，也可指物，强调数量，意为“一点也不，一个也不”；谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数；常与 of 连用，通常指“三者以上的人或物中没有一个”，回答 how much 和 how many 引导的问句。如： They were all tired, but none of them would stop to have a rest.How many students are there in the classroom? None.6）neither 与 either 的用法 都可用于表示两个人或物。 neither 表否定意义，意为“（两者中的每一个）都不”；而 either 表肯定意义，意为“（两者中的每一个）都”。都可单独使用，也可同介词 of 连用。如： Both teams were in hard training. Neither (Neither of them) was willing to lose the game. Do you want tea or coffee? Either. I really dont mind.Either answer(= ) is right. Neither boy(= ) comes from England.7) . it, one 和 that 1. it 可指代可数名词和不可数名词。常常指代上文中“ the+ 名词”或“物主代词 + 名词”中的名词，表示同一件事物，但 it 代替的事物属于特指。它的复数形式是 they 或 them 。如： The Browns s bought a new house but it will need a lot of work before they can move in. 2. one 所表示的名词（可指人或物）和前面所提到的名词只是同一类中的任何一个，不是指其中某一个。不能代替不可数名词。复数形式是 ones 。如： I hope there are enough glasses for each student to have one. There are many apples in the basket. May I have one?3. That 指代的也是同一类事物而不是同一个事物，但 that 代替的是有定冠词的名词，表特指，它还可以代替不可数名词。用 that 来代替前面已出现的可数名词（ that 相当于 the one ）或不可数名词时，后面一定要跟修饰语，且 that 只能指物。如： The