英语专业学年论文_文化差异.doc

On the Difference between Chinese Education and Western EducationAbstract Education has been a hot topic that people pay great attention to around the world since the 21th century. Every government in every nation in the world invests a large deal of money on education. Obviously, the idea that science and technology make the country stronger has taken deep root in peoples heart. With the fast development of economic today, Chinas education system seems to be a little embarrassing when compared to western education system. As a result, it is so imperative to have some basic knowledge of westerns education if we want to understand the western culture. After all, western education system seems so successful that it has cultivated a lot of great people. On this occasion, it is also necessary to know westerns education system well in that, by contrast to Chinese education system, we can learn from their advantages to develop our own education system and our own culture. This paper mainly expounds the different features of Chinese education and western education, presents the difference in different education from, researches the reasons of the differences between Chinese and western education, and discusses the importance of knowing the advantages of western education system. The research of Chinese and western education is beneficial for Chinese people to develop a better education system. Key words: education; cultural connotation; difference; Chinese; western; IntroductionUnder the strong voice of national people, Chinese education reform is inevitable. But how to reform can the education system really take a breakthrough? This is a serious subject, which needs to be treated carefully in that it concerns about our nations future. As is often the case, western children can learn happily and when they grow up, they can easily achieve success. While Chinese children usually hate learning and are not willing to go to school, and even if some can achieve something in their field, they often look like pedants. The biggest traditional virtue of China since thousands of years ago is that learn the essence and discard the dross. So, we need to do a big research on western education and introduce the good learning mode and education method into our culture and hope that our reform can develop toward a most helpful and beneficial direction . This paper will discuss from the following threefold: school education, family education and the influence of social environment to have a deep look at why western children are more likely to succeed.School EducationA: The essential difference between Chinese and western educationWestern education is a kind of trial education, allowing the students try to do various of experiences on their own, accumulate some experiences in the process of solving the difficulties and finally, draw the conclusion, which will really belong to his or her own research results. On the contrast, Chinas education is a kind of force-feeding education, telling the students what is the right answer at first, then letting the students operate exactly according to the successful experiences step-by-step, learning to practice under the guidance of others experiences. They can get their own conclusion as well, but what is true is that it is difficult to jump out of the existing fixed mode.The biggest difference between the two mode is that western education focus on people. It starts from human instinct, which accords with learning theories. However, Chinas education is a kind of production education aimed at going straight to the right way and eliminating the wrong idea. It treats students as products, hoping that good production will be delivered in the production line instead of defective ones. It is not willing to face up to the regularity that learning can make mistakes, mistakes are accepted in the progress of learning. This education way will destroy students spirits and will make the students lack of creative thinking.B: the role of a teacher in the classroom Western education mostly launches based on humanistic ideas. Students are taught to cultivate their practice and analysis ability from a young age. The teachers encourage students the freedom of thoughts and being responsible for their words and deeds. Teachers usually play the role of guiding. As in the classroom, they will discuss the problems that students meet during their experiments like a friend with the them. If a student have some problems or raise some questions, teachers do not tell them the right answer directly, instead, they usually guide the students to go to the library, let the students look for the material and information in the library, and use their own judgement to look back to the problems again, as much as possible not to affect the students independent thinking. It largely protects the root of human creativity and the freedom of thinking. In the same way, students will learn to be independent and rely on himself.What western teachers often think about is how to make the students feel happy in the class, so that the students can learn actively and willingly. At the same time, teachers encourage students to speak in class freely and use what they learn in application. They are not afraid of making mistakes as mistakes can be corrected easily. What they care is the self thinking process.In China, the class belongs to the teachers and the teachers control the whole class. It is taken for granted that the students listen to the teachers and take notes in the classroom. Never will the students doubt the correctness of the answers on the textbooks or that the teachers have given them.What the students have to do is to note down the answer while active thinking does not seem very necessary in Chinese classroom. What is worse, sometimes if a student do has some his idea, when he tells his thought to the teacher, the teacher usually will blame him for doing the useless thing! It is a kind of force-feeding education. Students and teachers lack of a close communication, which will cause the students learn the knowledge passively. Students will gradually lose the passion of learning and they will be lazier to think on themselves.C: The calculation formula of the examinee resultsIn the western countries , the students grade calculation way is: classroom discipline and attendance acount for 15%, after school homework performance acounts for 15%, interactive group discussion acounts for 20%, paper writing and defense accounts for 50%. It is comparatively objective and fair to evaluate students overall situation from these several aspects. As western teaching purpose is to teach students how to use the knowledge they have learnt instead of how to get good marks, mark is only a reference. An overall performance is more important.While in China, the students grade is not only the students themselves bag, but also their parents and teachers bag. Nothing counts but the marks. The students grade calculation way mainly depends on their examination scores. While it is also very easy to be copied, it may cause the students cheating in the exam. In China, if a student studies well in school but he can not live on himself, he is a good student in general! But if he is good at a lot of things expect study,then he is not a good student! If the students fail in the university entrance examntion, he will lose the chance to enter a university as in China, passing the university entrance examination is the only way to go to a university. High marks but low ability is our biggest sorrow!D: From the knowledge level, western education is easier to excavate genius Western education pays more attention to the cultivation of students creativity. They care much about the flexible application of knowledge that they have learnt. On reaching the basic request of western base education, they allow the students to have the freedom of choice. For example, if a student is not much interested in physics and chemistry or feel great difficulties in these subjects, he can just choose some basic subjects and take some subjects that he is good at. One can still achieve high school graduation requirements as long as he takes one from physics, chemistry or biology. And of course, he can enter top universities and have the chance to become elite. Chinese education values the importance of the consolidation of the basic knowledge. Take mathematics as an example, Chinese education is good at using exams tactics. Teachers force the students to repeat practicing until they achieve the top place. In conclusion, Chinese education is so called elite education. Chinese education requires the students to reach every aspect of a matter. If he fails in any one subject, it will have a fatal influence on his future life.Family EducationSocial competition is not simlply a contest of knowledge and intelligence. In most cases, it is a contest of humans will and the psychological condition. Owing to the different historical traditions and different social culture background, there is a tremendous difference between Chinese and western family education idea. From these differences, we can find out many notions and practices that worth Chinese parents to learn.A: Western parents tend to cultivate their children self-reliance consciousness and the ability of living independently since childhood. Western parents pay much attention to childrens own exercise. Instead of designing the future for their children, they value the free development of children and try their best to make them develop into a social person that can adapt to various kinds of environment and have the ability to survive in this severe society today. They hope that through their family education, their children can develop a pioneering spirit and be able to rely on themselves. They encourage their children to share some kinds of housework, such as repair motorcycle, cut grass and paint the house. Besides, the children are required to go out to do some commercial work, such as help others push the lawn mower, shovel snow in winter and fall leaves in summer. In this subtle process, their children gradually grow up into a qualified citizen that have the sense of social responsibility. Many Chinese parents are over ambitious. They often ask their children to do whatever they want. However, in many cases, their children can not reach what their parents want cause their parents high demand is beyond their actual level. If their children fail, the parents will get very angry at their children. They are angry in that their children do not live up to their expectations. What is worse, this attitude is full filled in all Chinese families. In China, what the parents care most is the study of their children. Most of them believe that if study well, then everything is well. In comparision, the ability of live independently and social adaptation, mental health level and moral sentiment and the citizen consciousness are ignored. Parents almost do everything for their children, they do cooking, washing, cleaning, they save money for children to go to college, go abroad, get married and even they have well decided to help their children keep their son children. And what the children are needed to do is to use every minute to study well. Although parents are so kindhearted just want their children happy, this kind of education neither will make their children brilliant or make their children happy. And what is well known is that social competition is not certainly just the competition of knowledge and intelligence, more is the competition of will and the psychological condition. This is apparently what the Chinese parents have ignored. B: Western parents care more about the cultivation of child health psychology, as a result, they pay much attention to the emotional communication with their child and concern about the childs psychological need. When it comes to education, western parents think that happy education is of most importance. On one side, parents often discuss problems with their child. On the other side, their child is also willing to talk to their parents when he meets with difficulties. The research of psychology shows that the psychological health is very important for the childs success in many aspects and it is beneficial for children to forme a healthy personality. While in China, parents show their concern to their child basically on physiological needs, they concern little to the childs psychological needs, some even ignore the cultivation of childs health psychology and childs character and willing training. In a considerable degree, this kind of education results in the childs low psychological bear ability and the child can not afford the stress in his life. C: Western parents tend to educate their child from daily behavior and emotions. They stress the importance of respecting others from inside. As a result, they care about their childs daily behaviour. They would like to spend much time in helping their child cultivate a decent habit. They think that only by respecting others will their children learn to respect themselves. In our country, parents and teachers often ignore childrens actual psychological development. For example, patriotism, revolutionary heroism and great idealism are put forward in the kindergarten while these children have no idea about these concept. What they need is the education of basic behavior habits, good interpersonal communication and the idea of how to be a human according to his development stage. Weve been talking about that education process should be gradual. This applies not only to intellectual education, knowledge education, but also suitable for moral education. It is so sad that our kindergarten and primary school dont find the mistakes and keep going this wrong way. In comparison to western children, our children seem to be morally indifferent, which is not good for the growth of our children. D: Western parents encourage innovation and encourage their children to surmount forefathers.Western parents believe that children have the same independent research and practical ability with adults. They will create a creative environment and atmosphere for their child to discover in a generous attitude. They hold a positive attitude toward what their children have explored. If their children have some different or amazing idea to some problems, they encourage them to speak out and do a positive exploration to the problems. Even if in some cases, parents dont think their childs behaviour has a positive effect, they still hope that they can find it out and realize the problem through their own research. Neither will they interfere too much, instead, they want their child to correct them. While Chinese parents are satisfied with clone, they teach their child to look up to the forefathers. They hold a negative attitude if their child wants to start their own discovery. They often prohibit their child from doing his experiment. In America, when a child takes part of a clock, if he can repair it back, parents will praise them.If not, parents will together with their child to fix it back. While in China, few can tell he fix the clock that he takes up, not to mention if he fails. Chinese parents are so severe and strict that they put out the creative spark of their child.From the above comparison, we can see the contrast between western and Chinese family education. There are significant differences. What western parents care is what Chinese parents ignore. Western parents teach children to climb up from where he falls, correct what has been done wrong by himself, self-esteem and show his respect to others. They encourage their children to be a great dreamier and become winners in their mind. Chinese parents should learn from them. Social Environmental Influence What china lack most is the responsibility education. In the United States, it is common to see an adult who is doing something wrong or has some bad behaviour educates a child while the child is not the adults own baby. The reason why is that the Americans treat every child as their own child, and it is their responsibility to educate the child. In England, the power of a middle-aged women is inevitable. They are always in the supervision of the behavior of young people consciously, just as the police general. They think it is their duty to observe the children in their country. These two nations have already put the responsibility of educati