SPSS操作实习汇总.doc

实习一 SPSS数据文件的建立和整理建立数据文件的SPSS命令1定义变量2录入数据3保存数据文件4双录入核对常见的数据预处理命令1 文件合并（merge files）(1) 增加观测值（Add Cases）合并e1.sav和e2.sav(2) 增加变量（Add Variables）em1.sav和em2.sav2增减变量和观察单位3排序与编秩4选择观察单位（select cases）5数据文件的拆分 （split file）6建立新变量（compute）7重新赋值（recode）8其它常见命令实习二 数值变量资料的统计描述1. 数值变量的统计描述操作步骤：AnalyzeDescriptive StatisticsFrequenciesStatistics：Quartiles，Mean， Median，Std.deviation， Variance， Range， Minimum， Maximum AnalyzeDescriptive Statistics DescriptivesOptions： Mean， Std.deviation， Variance， Range， Minimum， Maximum结果输出：Descriptives： Mean， Std.deviation，Median， Variance，Quartiles，Range ，Minimum， Maximum 2. 分类变量的统计描述操作步骤：AnalyzeDescriptive StatisticsFrequenciesDisplay frequency tables结果输出：Frequencies：Frequency， Percent，Valid Percent，Cumulative Percent3. 正态性检验操作步骤：(未校正)AnalyzeNonparametric tests1-Sample K-STest Distribution: Normal结果输出：Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z，Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)操作步骤：(校正)AnalyzeDescriptive StatisticsExplorePlots: Normality plots with test结果输出：Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z，Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)实习四 数值变量资料的统计推断1 t检验(1)单样本均数的t检验操作步骤：AnalyzeCompare MeansOne-Sample T test 结果输出：One-Sample Statistics：mean、std.deviation、std.error meanOne-Sample Test：t、df、sig(2-tailed)(2)两个样本均数比较的t检验操作步骤：Analyze Compare MeansIndependent Samples T test结果输出：group statistics：mean、std.deviation、std.error meanLevenes Test for Equality of Variances：F、sigt-test for Equality of Means：t、df、sig(2-tailed)(3)配对设计的t检验操作步骤：Analyze Compare MeansPaired Samples T test结果输出：paired samples statistics：mean、std.deviation、std.error meanparied samples test：t、df、sig(2-tailed)2秩和检验（1）配对设计的秩和检验操作步骤：AnalyzeNonparametric tests2 related samples结果输出：Test Statistics：Z、Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)（2）两样本比较的秩和检验操作步骤：AnalyzeNonparametric tests2 independent samples结果输出：Test Statistics：Z、Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)实习六 分类变量的假设检验1 成组设计四格表资料的2检验和确切概率法操作步骤：Data Weight cases: 频数变量Analyze Descriptive Statistics Crosstabs Row(s): 分组变量; Column(s): 结局变量 Statistics 选Chi-square Cells 在Counts中选Observed、Expected; 在Percentages中选Row结果输出：Crosstabultion（四格表）Chi-Square Tests: Pearson Chi-Square: Value、df、Sig. (n40，且E5) Continuity Correction: Value、df、Sig. (n40，但有1E5)Fishers Exact Test: Sig. (n40, 或E1)2 RC列联表资料的2检验同1; 两个无序分类变量可计算关联系数: Statistics 在Nominal中选Contingency coefficient3 配对设计四格表资料的2检验操作步骤：Data Weight cases: 频数变量Analyze Descriptive Statistics Crosstabs Row(s): 分组变量; Column(s): 结局变量 Statistics 选McNemar结果输出：Crosstabultion（四格表）Chi-Square Tests: McNemar Test: Exact Sig. 4 频数分布拟合优度检验操作步骤：Data Weight cases: 频数变量Analyze Nonparametric Tests 1-sample K-S (Poisson)结果输出：Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z、sig.5 单向有序分类变量的秩和检验操作步骤：Data Weight cases: 频数变量Analyze Nonparametric Tests 2 Independent Samples(两个样本) k Independent Samples(多个样本)结果输出：Z(两个样本) / Chi-Square(多个样本)、sig.实习九 直线相关与回归1 相关操作步骤：Graphs Scatter/Dot Simple scatterAnalyze Correlate Bivariate (Correlation coefficients中选Pearson，等级相关选Spearman) 结果输出：Correlation: correlation coefficient、Sig. (2-tailed)2回归操作步骤：Graphs Scatter/Dot Simple scatterAnalyze Regression linear结果输出：Model Summary: R、R SquareANOVA: Sum of Squares、df、Mean Square、F、Sig.Coefficients: Unstandardized Coefficients (B、Std. Error)、t、Sig.实习十、十一 多组数值变量比较的假设检验4. 单因素方差分析操作步骤：Analyze General Linear Model Univariate Dependent Variable: 测量指标; Fixed Factor(s): 分组变量 Options 选Descriptive statistics、Homogeneity tests Post Hoc Post hoc test for: 分组变量 选方法S-N-K / Bonferroni / Turkey / Dunnett结果输出：Descriptive statistics: mean、std.deviation、NLevenes Test of Equality of Error Variances: F、df、Sig.Tests of Between-Subjects Effects: Type III Sum of Squares、df、Mean Square、F、Sig. Post Hoc Tests: Multiple Comparisons: Mean Difference、Std.Error、Sig Homogeneous Subsets: Subset2协方差分析操作步骤：(1) Analyze General Linear Model Univariate Dependent Variable: 测量指标; Fixed Factor(s): 分组变量Covariate(s)：协变量Model 选Custum Model: 分组变量、协变量、分组变量*协变量 (2) Analyze General Linear Model Univariate Dependent Variable: 测量指标; Fixed Factor(s): 分组变量Covariate(s)：协变量Model 选Custum Model: 分组变量、协变量Options 选Descriptive statistics、Homogeneity tests、Parameter estimates Display means for: 分组变量结果输出：(1) Tests of Between-Subjects Effects(分组变量*协变量): F、Sig.(2) Descriptive statistics: mean、std.deviation、NLevenes Test of Equality of Error Variances: F、df、Sig.Tests of Between-Subjects Effects(分组变量和协变量): Type III Sum of Squares、df、Mean Square、F、Sig. Parameter Estimates: BEstimated Marginal Means: Mean、std.deviation 3Kruskal-Walls秩和检验操作步骤：Analyze Nonparametric Tests K Independent Samples Test Variable List: 测量指标; Grouping Variable: 分组变量 Define Range结果输出：Chi-square、df、Sig.4随机区组设计的方差分析操作步骤：Analyze General Linear Model Univariate Dependent Variable: 测量指标; Fixed Factor(s): 分组变量、区组变量Model 选Custum Model: 分组变量、区组变量Options Display Means for: 分组变量、区组