高中英语语法总结大全之形容词和副词的比较级.doc

形容词与副词的比较级，最高级和原级的用法及练习大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化，即原级、比较级和最高级，用来表示事物的等级差别。原级即形容词的原形，比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变化两种。1) 规则变化单音节词和少数双音节词，加词尾-er，-est来构成比较级和最高级。构成法原级比较级最高级一般单音节词未尾加-er,-esttall(高的) great(巨大的)tallergreatertallestgreatest以不发音的e结尾的单音词和少数以- le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-stnice(好的)large(大的)able（有能力的）nicerlargerablernicestlargestablest以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加-er，-estbig(大的)hot (热的)biggerhotterbiggesthottest以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加-er，-esteasy(容易的)busy(忙的)easierbusiereasiest busiest少数以-er，-ow结尾的双音节词未尾加-er，-estclever(聪明的)narrow(窄的)cleverernarrowercleverestnarrowest其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more，most来构成比较级和最高级。important(重要的)easily(容易地)more importantmore easilymost importantmost easily2) 不规则变化原级比较级最高级good(好的)well(健康的)betterbestbad (坏的)ill(有病的)worseworstold (老的)older/elderoldest/eldestmuch/many(多的)moremostlittle(少的)lessleastfar (远的)farther/furtherfarthest/furthest 原级比较: as+形容词或副词原级+as 1）在否定句或疑问句中可用so as。He cannot run so/as fast as you.2）当as as 中间有名词时采用以下格式 as +形容词+ a +单数名词 as + many/much +名词 This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.3）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时，放在as的前面。This room is twice as big as that one.Your room is the same size as mine.4) 倍数表达法A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大（高）/这座新楼比那座旧楼大（高）三倍。A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe. 亚洲是欧洲的四倍大/亚洲比欧洲大三倍。A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。用times表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用twice或double.比较级结构：比较级形容词或副词+than You are taller than I.They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine.可修饰比较级的词 1）a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even等2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语。3）以上词(除by far)外，必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面。注意： many, old和far 1) 如果后接名词时， much more +不可数名词many more +可数名词复数2) old 有两种比较级和最高级形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder，eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系。My elder brother is an engineer.Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.3) far 有两种比较级，farther，further. 在英语中两者都可指距离。在美语中，father 表示距离，further表示进一步。I have nothing further to say.最高级结构：the+最高级+比较范围 1) The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词 the，副词最高级前可不用。2) 下列词可修饰最高级，by far, far, much, mostly, almostThis hat is nearly / almost the biggest.特殊用法：1.否定词语+比较级，否定词语+ so as结构表示最高级含义。Nothing is so easy as this.=Nothing is easier than this.=This is the easiest thing.2. “the +比较级, the +比较级“：表示“越越”The sooner you see a doctor, the better it is.你越早看医生越好。The longer I waited， the less patient I became.我等的越久就变得越不耐烦。3. the +序数词+最高级+单数可数名词：表示“第几大的”This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson。这是迈克尔杰克逊第三受欢迎的歌曲。4.more /less than及其相关结构more than具体数字=over：多于、超过He spoke English more than two years.(两年多)more than名词/动词/形容词/副词：不仅仅China Daily is more than a newspaper and it can also help us learn English. morethan：与其不如He is not more an artist than a philosopher.与其说他是位艺术家，不如说他是位哲学家not more than：不超过，顶多=at mostThere were not more than 70 women in the store then.（不足70个女性）no more than：仅仅，只不过The theater was no more than a painted barn.这戏院只不过是漆了油漆的库房而已（没什么大不了的）。第二部分 近年高考真题荟萃（2010-2012）1【2012全国卷II】 Next to biology, I like physics _ .A. betterB. bestC. the betterD. very well2.【2012全国】26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much_.A. the best B. best C. better D. the better3.【2012全国】29. This restaurant wasnt_ that other restaurant we went to. A. half as good as B. as half good as C. as good as half D. good as half as4【2012北京】28. Many people have donated that type of blood; however, the blood bank needs _.A. some B. less C. much D. more2011年高考题5.(2011全国卷,30) The form cannot be signed by anyone yourself.A.rather than B.other than C.more than D.better than6.(2011全国卷II,12) It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is another to play it well yourself. A. quite B. very C. rather D. much7.(2011全国卷II,17) Mr. Stevenson is great to work for I really couldnt ask for a _ boss. A. better B. good C. best D. still better8.（2011上海春招,28）Youd be exposed to a lot _ pollution if you moved to a town with pure water and air.A. moreB. mostC. lessD. least 9.(2011四川卷,12）How are your recent trip to Sichuan? Ive never had one before.A.a pleasant B.a more pleasant C.a most pleasant D.the most pleasant10.(2011陕西卷,17）The new stadium being built for the next Asian Games will be the present one。 A.as three times big as B. three times as big asC. as big as three times D. as big three times as11.(2011江西卷24）The film is , I have to say, not a bit interesting.Why? Its _ than the films I have ever seen.A. far more interesting B.much less interestingC. no more interesting D.any less interesting2010年高考题12.Mr.Black is very happy because the clothes made in his factory have never been_.A.popular B.more popular C.most popular D.the most popular13. After the new technique was introduced，the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as14. (01上海卷) In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go , _ 。A. our holidays will be better B. our holiday will be the betterC. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be15）- Are you feeling _? - Yes，Im fine now.A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better16）The experiment was_ easier than we had expected.A. more B. much more C. much D. more much17）If there were no examinations, we should have _ at school.A. the happiest time B. a more happier timeC. much