外语系毕业论文写作规范.doc

外语系本科生毕业论文写作规范一、 基本要求1.毕业论文必须由学生本人独立完成，不得弄虚作假，不得抄袭他人成果。 2.论文应中心突出，内容充实，论据充分，论证有力，数据可靠，结构紧凑，层次分明，图表清晰，格式规范，文字流畅，字迹工整，结论正确。3.毕业论文中所使用的度量单位一律采用国际标准单位。4.对论文中的图或表要给予解释，统一标上编号和图题，安排于相应位置。若同类图表数量过多，也可作为附录列于论文后面。5.论文必须用英文撰写，字数不低于5000字。二、内容要求1.题目：应简洁、明确、有概括性，字数不宜超过20个字。2.内容提要：要有高度的概括力，语言精练、明确。同时有中、英文对照，中文内容提要约200-300汉字；英文内容提要约100-300个单词。英文提要在前,中文提要在后。3.关键词：从标题或正文中挑选35个最能表达主要内容的词作为关键词，同时有中、英文对照，分别附于中、英文内容提要后。 4.目录 论文的目录用“contents”作标题，用“小三号黑体”字，位于目录页上部居中位置。目录内容不包括论文的封面。各标题的页码放在页面的右端，标题和页码之间用实心的圆点隔开，两端对齐。只有第一层次的标题标明页码，第二层次的标题不标页码。标题采用“小四号Time New Roman”。如果标题长度超过一行，另起一行时应内缩两格。目录中所列各部分的序号应与正文内容一致。5.正文：在撰写正文前要写毕业论文题目。正文内容一般包括前言、本论、结论三个部分，以下就毕业论文分别加以说明，供学生写作时参考。前言（引言）：是论文的开头部分，主要说明论文写作的目的、现实意义、对所研究问题的认识，并提出论文的中心论点等。前言要写得简明扼要，篇幅不要太长。本论：是毕业论文的主体。在本部分要运用各方面的研究（实验）结果和研究方法，分析问题，论证观点，尽量反映出自己的科研能力和学术水平。结论：是毕业论文的收尾部分，是围绕本论所作的结束语。其基本的要点就是总结全文，加深题意。6.参考文献用“Bibliography”作标题：在毕业论文末尾要列出在论文中参考过的专著、论文及其他资料（6篇以上），鼓励使用外文参考资料，所列参考文献应按作者字母先后顺序排列。如果有中英文的文献,排列顺序应先英文,后中文。三、引用文献的要求语言和翻译方向论文使用APA格式，文学和文化方向使用MLA格式（参见附录）。参考文献应按照作者姓名的字母顺序排列。APA引用文献要求文内注释格式【示例】CALI was replaced by computer-assisted language learning (CALL), which concerns the use of computers to assist in second-or foreign-language (L2) instructional activities (Dunkel , 1991:28).参考文献列示格式1. 英文参考文献1） 外文原著（书名用斜体）【示例】Dunkel, P. 1991. (ed.). Computer Assisted Language Learning and Testing. New York: Newbury House.Kenning, MJ and MM Kenning. 1983. An Introduction to Computer Assisted Language Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.说明：书名用斜体。注意标点符号的使用。2） 外文杂志（杂志名用斜体）【示例】Chappelle, C. and Jamieson, J. 1991. Internal and external validity issues in research on CALL effectiveness. In Dunkel, P. (ed.). Computer Assisted Language Learning and Testing. New York: Newbury House.Sullivan, N. 1993. Teaching writing on a computer network. TESOL Journal, 2 (1): 34-35.说明：期刊用斜体，一定要注明期刊号和页码。3）电子文献（1）在线杂志上的文章【示例】Bernstein, M. (2002). 10 tips on writing the living Web. A List Apart: For People Who Make Websites, 149. Retrieved May 2, 2006, from /articles/writeliving（2）数据库的文章【示例】Smyth, A. M., Parker, A. L., & Pease, D. L. (2002). A study of enjoyment of peas. Journal of Abnormal Eating, 8(3). Retrieved February 20, 2003, from PsycARTICLES database.（3）网页或者在线书中的某一章节或部分【示例】Engelshcall, R. S. (1997). Module mod_rewrite: URL Rewriting Engine. In Apache HTTP Server Version 1.3 Documentation (Apache modules.) Retrieved March 10, 2006, from /docs/1.3/mod/mod_rewrite.htmlPeckinpaugh, J. (2003). Change in the Nineties. In J.S. Bough and G.B. DuBois (Eds.), A century of growth in America. Retrieved from GoldStar database.（4）数据库中的论文【示例】Biswas, S. (2008). Dopamine D3 receptor: A neuroprotective treatment target in Parkinsons disease. Retrieved from ProQuest Digital Dissertations. (AAT 3295214)2中文参考文献参考文献应注明文中所有引文的出处和所依据文献的版本情况，包括作者的姓、名；出版年；篇名、刊名、刊物的卷号和期号、文章的起止页码；书名、出版地和出版者。 文献条目按作者姓氏(中文姓氏按其汉语拼音)的字母顺序。同一作者不同时期的文献按出版时间的先后顺序排列。1) 著作【示例】伍铁平，1999，模糊语言学。上海：上海外语教育出版社。说明：书名用书名号。注意标点符号的使用。2) 杂志【示例】王庆新，1993，英语关系分句的定量分析，外国语（6）：49-75。说明：杂志名用书名号，注意标点符号的使用。【示例】3）论文史雯娜，2006，中国学生对英语关系从句的习得研究，硕士学位论文。武汉：华中师范大学。4)网络文献王明亮，关于中国学术期刊标准化数据库系统工程的进展。 /pub/wml.txt/980810-2.html.1998-08-16/1998-10-04。说明：网络文献排列顺序为作者、题名、网络链接、发表日期或更新日期、查阅日期。五、一般格式要求1.封面：采用教务处统一印制的毕业论文封面。2.毕业论文诚信声明。3.中（英）文内容提要：中文内容提要、英文内容提要分页，页码应用“i，ii.” 排列。“内容提要”小三号黑体居中，“关键词”小四号黑体加方括号，中文内容提要和关键词均为小四号楷体。英文内容提要和关键词用小4号 Time New Roman。英文提要在前,中文提要在后。4.正文论文字体、字形及字号要求字体、字形一级标题：1、 小三号Time New Roman加黑，居左，上下各空一行；二级标题：1.1 四号Time New Roman字，居左，上下不空行；三级标题：1.1.1小四号Time New Roman字，居左，上下不空行；正文： 小四号Time New Roman，两端对齐，首行缩进四个英文字母。图表标号：Figure：1.1 （标在图正下方）Time New Roman五号Table：1.1 （标在图正上方）Time New Roman五号段落及行间距要求正文段落和标题一律取“固定行间距22pt”。5在正文中，直接引用后应用（）给出出处，内容包括：作者的姓、年份、页码。6.参考文献:“bibliography”小四黑体居中，正文五号宋体，取固定行距18pt。注意不要在一篇参考文献段落的中间换页。7.页码：从引言开始按阿拉伯数字连续编排，页码位于页面底端居中。8.论文用纸及打印规格要求纸张规格、尺寸（mm）每页印刷版面尺寸（mm）每行打印字数每页打印行数页边距（上、下）页边距（左、右）A4（210297）2.54 cm3.17cm32342931根据论文的薄厚程度，自由选择单面或双面打印。统一要求:单面打印。附录：MLA Style for Literature and Culture Studies1. Parenthetical ReferencesParenthetical references should generally be placed at the end of a sentence. Quotation marks, if any, precede the reference; end punctuation, commas, colons, and semicolons follow it. Tannen argues that “men and women have different assumptions about the place of talk in relationships” (85).“Men and women have different assumptions about the place of talk in relationships,” according to Tannen (85).If confusion might result about the distinction between your own conclusions and an idea form a source, place the parenthetical reference within a sentence, generally at the end of a clause or phrase.Understanding that “men and women have different assumptions about the place of talk in relationships” (Tannen 85) might help teachers understand their students comments.When you quote more than four lines of prose or more than three lines of poetry, the quotation is typed as a block, indented 10 spaces with no quotation marks. Parenthetical documentation is placed one space after end punctuation.According to schele and Freidel, the Maya represented each point of the compass with a different color. East was red and the most important direction since it was where the sun was born. North, sometimes called the “side of heaven,” was white and the direction from which the cooling rains of winter came. (66)Author named in textGraff defines his recent book, Professing Literature, as “a history of academic literary studies in the United States” (1)Author not named in textSeveral scholars have studied recent developments in academia in the context of the history of university teaching (e.g., Graff).Modern literary studies have their origin in classical studies (Graff 19-35).Reference to entire bookSlades revision of Form and Style incorporates changes made in the 1995 edition of the MLA Handbook.Work with four authorsThe authors of Womens Ways of Knowing make a distinction between “separate knowing” and “connected knowing” (Belenky et al. 100-30) or (Belenky, Clinchy, Goldberger, and Tarule 100-30).*Use the same form of reference you choose for the text in the list of works cited.More than one author with the same last nameHelen C. Whites The Mysticism of William Blake (H. White 75)E. B. Whites Charlottes Web (E. White 67)*If the first initials are identical, spell out the first names.If the two authors are father and son, with the son designated as Jr. (Christian, Jr.)Editor or compiler Many of the articles in Research on Composing advocate further exploration of the motivation for writing (Cooper and Odell).Work listed by title only*Shorten the title to two or three words and put it in parentheses. The abbreviated title must include the word by which the title is alphabetized in the list of works cited.Due to air pollution, Egypt plans to move the statue of Ramses II from the main railroad station in Cairo to the west bank of the Nile (“Ancient Pharaoh Statue”)Corporate authorThe annual report revealed substantial progress in fundraising (American Museum of Natural History 12, hereafter AMNH) (AMNH 15).Multivolume workThis valuable reference work surveys the major operas of Mozar and Puccini (Newman, Vol. 2).Newman discusses the controversy about the quality of Mozars The Magic Flute (2: 104-05)*If the authors name were not in the sentence, then (Newman 2: 104-05)Two or more works by same author*Use a shortened version of the title in each reference.Shaughnessy points out that “the beginning writer does not know how writers behave” (Errors 79).Teachers applauded Shaughnessys assertion that “teaching them to write well is not only suitable but challenging work” (“Diving In” 68)Penn emphasized his religious motivation (Kelly, Pennsylvania 116).Material cited in another sourceGoethe wrote that “it takes more culture to perceive the virtues of The Magic flute than to point out its defects” (qtd. in Newman 2: 104)Multiple citations (Errors 79; “Diving In “ 68; Brooks and Warren 5)Literary worksMargery Kempe relates the details of her journey to Constance with pilgrims headed for Jerusalem (96-98; bk. 1, chap. 26).*For drama and poetry, omit the page number and cite the work by act, scene, line, or section, as appropriate. MLA prefers Arabic numerals in such citations. In an aside, Claudius informs the audience that the queen has drunk from the poisoned cup he intended for Hamlet (5.2.274).2. The List of Works CitedAlphabetize entries. Indent the second and subsequent lines of each entry by 5 spaces.Each portion ends with a period followed by one space. Capitalize all major words of the books or articles title except articles, coordinating conjunctions, prepositions, and the to of an infinitive.Invert the first authors name, placing a comma after the surname and a period after the first name and the names of any additional authors are not inverted.Use abbreviated forms of publishers names. In general, omit articles; abbreviations, such as Inc. and Corp.; and words such as Publishers, Books, and Press. Use standard abbreviations-UP for University Press and P for Press.*Do not underline the period that follows a books title. Book by a single authorWinfield, Richard Dien. Law in Civil Society. Madison: U of Wisconsin P, 1995.Book by two or three authorsSimond, Wendy, and Barbara Katz Rothman. Centuries of Solace: Grief in Popular Literature. Philadelphia: Temple UP, 1992.Book by four or more authors McPherson, William, et al. English and American Literature: Sources and Strategies for Collection Development. Chicago: ALA, 1987.ORMcPherson, William, Stephen Lehmann, Craig Likness, and Marcia Pankake. English and American Literature: Sources and Strategies for Collection Development. Chicago: ALA, 1987An edited, compiled, or translated volumeed. for editor, eds. for editors, comp. for compiler, comps. for compilers, or trans. for translator(s)Baum, Robert, ed. Reform and Reaction in Post-Mao china: The Road through Tiananmen. New Youk: Routledge, 1992.*When the person(s) have more than one function, include all of them.Vaughan, James H., and Daryl Hafter, eds. and trans. The Diary of Hamman Yaji. Bloomington: Indiana UP, 1995.Group or corporate authorBicycling Magazine. Reconditioning the Bicycle. New York: Rodale, 1989.*When the corporate author is also the publisher, the name is not repeated.American Museum of Natural History. Annual Report, 1993-1994. New York, 1995.Anonymous workTimes Atlas of the World. 8th ed. London: Times, 1990.Work in an anthology Burghardt, Gordon M. “on the Origins of Play.” Play in Animals and Humans. Ed. Peter K. Smith. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1984. 5-42.Entry in a reference book“Vicksburg Campaign.” Encyclopedia Britannica. 1973 ed. *For less well known reference works, provide full publication information.Brasingly, C. Reginald. “Birth Order.” Encyclopedia of Psychology. Ed. Raymond J. Corsini. New York: Wiley, 1984.Multivolume work, inclusive reference to all volumesWellek, Rene. A History of Modern Criticism, 1750-1950. New Haven: Yale UP, 1955-92. 8 vols. Multivolume work, reference to one volumeWellek, Rene. A History of Modern Criticism 1750-1950. Vol. 8. New Haven: Yale UP, 1992.Translated workAppelfeld, Aharon. Katerina. Trans. Jeffery Green. New York: Random House, 1992.*To emphasize the name of the translator, place that name in the author position of the entry. Green, Jeffrey, trans. Katerina. By aharon Appelfeld. New York: Random House, 1992.Titles within titles*When the interior title would normally be underlined, leave it without underlining, but underline punctuation that is part of the longer title.The Plays of Samuel Beckett: Waiting for Godot and Endgame*When the interior title would normally be in quotation marks, underline the entire title.Coleridges “Kubla Khan” and “Rime of the Ancient Mariner”Published dissertationMoskop, William W. The Prudent Politician: An Extension of Aristotles Ethical Theory. Diss. George Washington U, 1987. Ann Arbor: UMI, 1985. 85-13289.Article in a scholarly journalGaunt, Simon. “The Significance of Silence.” Paragrph 13 (1990): 202-16.Article in a journal paginating each issue separatelyGardner, Thomas. “An Interview with Jorie Graham.” Denver Quarterly 26.4 (1992): 22