出口外贸词汇汇总.doc

Inventory 存货清单Inventory Closeout 存货出清Inverted Matrix 反向矩阵转秩矩阵Investment 投资Investment Cost 投资成本Investment Gates 投资关卡投资关口参见 Control Gates.Investment Life-Cycle 投资生命期Investment Model 投资模型Investors Method 投资者的方法参见 Discounted Cash Flow.Invitation 邀请Invitation for Bid (IFB) 投标邀请书函Invitation to Bid 投标邀请书Invoice 商业发票Invoices to Cost Accounts 成本帐目中的发票Involuntary 非自愿的Involvement 介入IP 国际互联网协议参见 Internet ProtocolIPDT 集成产品开发团队参见 Integrated Product Development TeamIRR 内部收益率参见 Internal Rate of ReturnIrrefutable Logic 无从辩驳的逻辑Island of Stability 稳定性安全岛ISP Internet 服务提供商参见 Internet Service ProviderIssue 问题Issues Management 问题管理IT Executive Committee 信息技术执行委员会IT Security 信息技术安全Items 事项Iteration 迭代JIT 适时(存货管理) 准时制造/库存管理参见 Just In TimeJob 工作Job Description 工作描述Job Evaluation 工作评价Job Satisfaction 工作满意度Joint Venture 合资企业Judgment 判断判决Judicial 司法部Jurisdiction 司法权, 管辖权Just In Time (JIT) 适时(存货管理) 准时制造/库存管理Just-In-Time 适时(存货管理) 准时制造/库存管理Key 关键Key Event Schedule 关键事件进度表参见 Master Schedule.Key Events 关键事件Key Performance 关键绩效Key Performance Indicators (KPI) 关键绩效指标Key Personnel 关键员工Key Success Indicators (KSI)关键成功指标Kick Off 启动开始参见 Initiation.Kick Off Meeting 启动大会开工会Kickback 回扣Kick-Off Meeting 启动大会开工会Knowledge 知识, 经验Knowledge Base 知识基础Knowledge Management 知识管理Known, Known-unknown, Unknown-unknown 已知的确定的已知的不确定因素未知的不确定因素Known-Unknown 已知的不确定因素参见 Known, Known-Unknown, Unknown-Unknown method.KPI 关键绩效指标参见 Key Performance IndicatorsKSI 关键成功指标参见 Key Success IndicatorsLabor 人工Labor Agreements 劳动协议Labor Intensive 劳动密集Labor Pool 劳动力储备Labor Productivity 劳动生产力参见 Productivity.Labor Rate Variances 人工费率差异Labor Relations 劳动关系Labor Turnover 人员流动(率)Ladder 阶梯Ladder Activity 阶梯活动Lag 滞后Lag Duration 滞后工期Lag Relationship 滞后关系Lag Time 滞后时间延隔时间Lagging迟滞LAN 局域网参见 Local Area NetworkLanguage 语言Last In, First Out (LIFO) 后进先出法Late Bid 迟到的标书Late Dates 最晚日期Late Event Date 最晚事件日期Late Finish (LF) 最晚完成时间Late Finish Date (LFD) 最晚完成日期Late Start (LS) 最晚开始时间Late Start Date (LSD) 最晚开始日期Latent Defect 潜在的缺陷Lateral Communication 横向沟通Lateral Thinking 横向思维Latest Event Time 最晚事件时间Latest Finish 最晚完成Latest Finish Time 最晚完成时间参见 Late Finish.Latest Start 最晚开始Latest Start Time 最晚开始时间参见 Late StartLaunch, project 项目启动参见 Project Initiation.Law 法律Laws 法律规章Layer 层Layoff 裁员LCC 生命期成本参见 Life Cycle CostLead 提前Lead Contractor 总承包商Lead Duration 提前工期Lead Time 提前时间Leader 领导者Leadership 领导艺术领导能力Leadership Style 领导风格Leading 领导Learning Curve 学习曲线Learning Curve Theory 学习曲线理论Lease 租赁Leasehold 租赁权(物)Leasing 租用Legacy Thinking 墨守成规Legal 法定的Legal Aspects 合法性方面的考虑Legal Awareness 法律意识Legal, Ethical, and Moral Conduct 合法, 伦理, 道德的行为Legally Concerned 遵纪守法的人Legend 图例Legislation 立法Legitimate 合理合法Lessons Learned 经验教训Letter of Credit 信用证Letter of Intent 意向书Level Finish/Schedule (SF) 经平衡的结束时间/进度表Level Float 经平衡的浮动Level of Detail 细致的程度Level of Effort (LOE) 投入水平Level Start Schedule 经平衡的项目开始进度表Leveling 平衡参见 Resource Leveling.Leverage 杠杆作用LF 最晚完成时间参见 Late FinishLFD 最晚完成日期参见 Late Finish DateLiabilities 债务负债License 执照许可证Lien 留置权Life Cycle 生命期参见 Project Life Cycle.Life Cycle Cost (LCC) 全生命期成本Life Cycle Costing 全生命期成本计算Life Cycle Model 生命期模型Life Cycle Stage Boundaries 生命期阶段间边界Life Cycle Time Frame生命期的时间跨度Life Cycle, unified process 统一过程的生命期LIFO 后进先出法参见 Last In, First OutLikelihood 可能性参见 ProbabilityLimitation of Funds 资金限制Limitations 限制Limited Partnership 受限合伙制Limiting Quality (LQ) 质量限制Limits of Authority (LOA) 授权范围Line 直线关系Line and Staff 直线职能与职员Line Item 排列项Line Manager 直线经理参见 Functional Manager.Line of Balance (LOB) 平衡线Line of Credit 信用额度Line Organization 直线组织Line/Functional Manager 直线经理/职能经理Linear 线性的Linear Responsibility Chart 线性职责表Link 链接参见 Logical Relationship.Linkage 链接参见 Link.Linked Bar Chart 带链接的横道图Linked Projects 有链接关系的项目Links 链接参见 Dependency Links.Liquidated Damages 违约赔偿Lists, project 项目清单LML 最低管理级别参见 Lowest Management LevelLOA 授权范围参见 Limits of AuthorityLOB 平衡线参见 Line of BalanceLocal Area Network (LAN) 局域网Locate Responsibility 职责指派Location 位置LOE 投入水平参见 Level of EffortLogic 逻辑参见 Network Logic.Logic Diagram 逻辑图参见 Project Network Diagram.Logic Link 逻辑链接参见 Dependency Links.Logic Loop 逻辑回路Logic Network 逻辑网络图Logic Restraint 逻辑限制Logic Sequencing 逻辑顺序Logical Relationship 逻辑关系Logical View 逻辑视图Logistics 物流后勤Logistics Support 物流保障后勤保障Long Lead Items 提前时间最长的事项Long Lead Procurement 提前时间最长的采购Long-Term 长期Loop 回路Lot 批Lot Formation 批的形成Lot Size 批的规格Lowest Management Level (LML) 最低管理级别Lowest Static Baseline (LSB) 最低静态基线LQ 质量限制参见 Limiting QualityLS 最晚开始时间参见 Late StartLSB 最低静态基线参见 Lowest Static BaselineLSD 最晚开始日期参见 Late Start DateLump Sum 总价参见 Fixed Price.Macro Environment 宏观环境Macro Environment Variables 宏观环境变量Main Plan 主计划参见 Master Plan.Main Process 主过程流程Maintainability 可维护性Maintenance 维护Maintenance Quality Assurance 维护的质量保证Major Defect 主要缺陷Major Defective 存在主要缺陷的产品Major Facility Project 大型设备项目Make-or-Buy 自制或购进Make-or-Buy Decision 自制或购进决策Management 管理Management by Exception 异常管理Management by Methods (MBM) 方法管理Management by Objectives (MBO) 目标管理Management by Politics (MBP) 政策管理Management by Project 按项目管理Management by Projects 以项目进行管理Management by Rules (MBR) 规则管理Management by Threshold 临界点管理Management by Values (MBV) 价值管理Management by Walking Around (MBWA) 走动管理Management Committee 管理委员会Management Control Point 管理控制点Management Development 员工发展的管理Management Fundamentals 管理基本原理Management Information Center 管理信息中心Management Information System 管理信息系统Management Plan 管理计划Management Reserve (MR) 管理储备参见 Reserve.Management Structure 管理结构Management Styles 管理风格Management System 管理系统Management Time 管理时间Manager 管理者经理Manager Interfaces 管理者之间的接口Manager of Project Management 项目管理经理Managerial Quality Administration 质量管理Managerial Reserves 管理储备Managing 管理Managing by Projects 按项目管理参见 Enterprise Project Management.Managing Change 管理变更Managing Organizations by Projects (MOBP) 通过项目对组织进行管理参见 Management by Projects.参见 Enterprise Project Management.Managing Scope 管理范围Mandatory 强制的Man-Hour/Month/Year (M-H/M/Y) 人工小时/人月/人年Manpower 人力Manpower Analysis 人力分析Manpower Planning 人力计划Manpower Projection 人力需求预测Manual 手工Manuals 手册Manufacturing 制造Margin 边际Marginal Costing 边际成本计算Market 市场Market Analyst 市场分析家Market Capitalization 市场资本化价值Market Price 市场价格Market Research 市场调研Market Share 市场份额Market Survey 市场调查Market Value Added 增加的市值参见 Added Value 在市场环境中Marketing 市场营销Markup (成本)加成Master 主要的人/事Master Builder 营造商Master Network 主网络图Master Plan 主计划Master Project Schedule 项目主进度计划Master Schedule 主进度计划Master Time Schedule 主时间进度计划Material 材料Material Difference 实质差异Material Handling 材料操作Material Requirements Planning (MRP) 材料需求计划编制Material Resource Plan 材料资源计划Material Review Board 材料评审委员会Materials Control 材料控制Mathematical Analysis 数学分析参见 Network Analysis.Mathematical Programming 数学规划参见 Computer Modeling.Matrix Management 矩阵管理Matrix Organization 矩阵组织Matrix Responsibilities 责任分配矩阵Matrix Responsibility Chart 责任矩阵图Matrix, in management 管理中的矩阵Maturity 成熟Maturity Model 成熟度模型Maximum Price 最高价格MBM 方法管理参见 Management by MethodsMBO 目标管理参见 Management by ObjectivesMBP 政策管理参见 Management by PoliticsMBR 规则管理参见 Management by RulesMBV 价值管理参见 Management by ValuesMBWA 走动管理参见 Management by Walking AroundMean Time Between Failures (MTBF) 平均故障间隔时间Measurable 可测量的Measure of Effectiveness 有效性的测量Measurement 测量Measures 权衡Measuring and Test Equipment 测量与测试设备Medium Term 中期Meeting 会议Memorandum of Agreement (MOA) 协议备忘录Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) 谅解备忘录Merge Node 合并节点Merit Rating 绩效评级Messaging 发送消息Method 方法Method Study 方法研究Methodology 方法论参见 Project MethodologyMethods Study 方法研究Metrics 度量体系标准体系M-H/M/Y 人工小时/人月/人年参见Man-Hour/Month/YearMicro Environment 微观环境Micro Procurement Environment 微观采购环境Micro-Management 微观管理Micro-Managing 微观管理Micro-Scheduling 微观的进度安排Mid-Stage Assessment (MSA) 阶段中评估Milestone 里程碑Milestone Dictionary 里程碑字典Milestone Payments 按里程碑付款Milestone Plan 里程碑计划Milestone Schedule 里程碑式进度表参见 Summary Schedule.Milestones for Control 用于控制的里程碑Milestones, for progress measurement 用于进度测量的里程碑Military Time 军用时间MIME 多用Internet 邮件扩充参见 Multipurpose Internet Mail ExtensionMinor Defect 次要缺陷Minute Taking 写会议纪要MIS 管理信息系统参见 Management Information SystemMIS Quality Requirements 管理信息系统的质量要求Misrepresentation 误传Mission 使命Mission Statement 使命宣言Mitigation 减轻Mitigation of Damages 减轻损失Mitigation of Risk 减轻风险Mixed Organization 混合型组织MOA 协议备忘录参见 Memorandum of AgreementMobilization 动员MOBP 按项目管理组织参见 Managing Organizations by ProjectsMock-up 实体模型Model 模型Modeling 建模Modeling Conventions 建模约定Modeling Time 建模期Modern Project Management (MPM) 现代项目管理参见 Enterprise Project Management.Modification 更改修改修正Modification Procedure 修改程序Module 模块参见 componentMonitoring 监视Monitoring Actuals versus Budget 对照预算监测实际成本Monte Carlo Analysis 蒙特卡罗分析Monte Carlo Method 蒙特卡罗方法Monte Carlo Simulation 蒙特卡罗模拟Monthly Status Review 月度状态报告Morale 士气Most Likely Time 最可能时间Most Likely Value 最可能值Motivating 激励Motivation 鼓舞Motivators 激励因素Motives 动机MOU参见 Memorandum of UnderstandingMoving Average Cost 移动平均成本MPM 现代项目管理参见 Modern Project ManagementMR 管理储备参见 Management ReserveMRP参见 Material Requirements PlanningMSA 中期评价参见 Mid-Stage AssessmentMTBF 平均故障间隔时间参见 Mean Time Between FailuresMulti-Disciplined 多学科的Multi-Financial Sources 多资金来源Multi-functional Project Teams 多功能项目团队Multi-Level Reporting 多级别报告Multi-Project 多项目Multi-Project Analysis 多项目分析Multi-Project Management 多项目管理Multi-project Scheduling 多项目进度安排Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) 多用 Internet 邮件扩展MIMEMulti-User 多用户Multi-Year Contract 多年合同Multi-Year Procurement 多年采购Must Finish 必须结束参见 Imposed FinishMust Start 必须开始参见 Imposed StartNear-Critical Activity 次关键活动Near-Term Activities 近期活动Needs 需求Needs Study 需求研究Negative Float 负浮动时间Negative Total Float 负总浮动时间Negligence 疏忽Negotiated Contract Cost 议定合同成本Negotiated Price 议定价格Negotiating 谈判Negotiating Strategies 谈判策略Negotiation 谈判Negotiation Meetings 谈判会议Negotiation Objectives 谈判目标Net Book Value 净帐面价值Net Present Value (NPV) 净现值Network 网络Network Analysis 网络分析Network Branching 网络分支图Network Diagram 网络图Network Interface 网络界面Network Logic 网络逻辑Network Path 网络路径Network Planning 网络规划网络计划技术Networking 构建网络NIH 禁止意见发表参见 Not Invented HereNo Cost Settlement 无费用处理Node 节点事件Non-Conformance 不合格Nonconformity 不合格Non-Critical Activities or Work Items 非关键活动或工作项Non-Destructive Testing 非破坏性测试Non-Excusable Delays 不可原谅的延期Non-Profit 非盈利Non-Recurring Costs 一次性成本Non-Splittable Activity 不可拆分的活动不可中断的活动Nonverbal Communication 非语言沟通Non-Work Unit 非工作日单位Normal Distribution 正态分布参见 Normal Probability DistributionNormal Inspection 正常检查Normal Operation 正常运行参见 OperationNormal Probability Distribution 正态概率分布Norming 规范正规Not Applicable (N/A) 不适用Not Earlier Than 不早于Not Invented Here (NIH) 禁止意见发表Not Later than 不迟于Not to Exceed (NTE) 不得超过Notice Of Change 变更通知参见 Change OrderNotice of Termination 终止通知Notice to Proceed 开工通知NPV 净现值参见 Net Present ValueNTE 不得超过参见 Not to ExceedO&M 运营和维护参见 Operations and MaintenanceOAR 质量保证代表参见 Quality Assurance RepresentativeObject 对象Objective 目标Objective Quality Evidence 客观质量证据Objectives 目标Object-Oriented Analysis 面向对象的分析Obligation 义务职责债务OBS 组织分解结构参见 Organizational Breakdown StructureObservation 观察观测Observation Units 观测单位Obsolete 过时的陈旧的OC Curves 操作特征曲线参见 Operating Characteristic CurvesODC 其它直接成本参见 Other Direct CostsOff the Shelf Item 现货供应物品货架产品Off the Shelf Items 现货供应物品Offer 要约提议出价Offset 抵销参见 Resource OffsetOffsite Fabrication 非现场装配OJT 在职培训参见 On-the-job TrainingOne Hundred Percent Inspection 百分百检查One on One 一对一会面On-site Assembly 现场装配On-the-job Training (OJT) 在职培训Open Projects 打开的项目Operating 运作操作Operating Characteristic Curves (OC Curves) 操作特征曲线Operating Manuals 操作手册Operating System 操作系统Operating System, Computer 计算机操作系统Operation 运行运作经营作业操作Operation Phase 运行阶段运营阶段Operational Acceptance 运行接受Operational Projects 经营项目Operational System 运行系统Operations Acceptance Review 运行验收评审Operations and Maintenance (O&M) 运营和维护Operations and Maintenance Manual 运营维护手册Operators 操作者经营者Operators Manual 操作者手册Opportunities 机会机遇Opportunity 机会Opportunity Phase 机会阶段Optimism 乐观Optimistic 乐观的参见 OptimismOptimistic Duration 乐观工期Optimistic Time 乐观时间Option 选项Oral 口头沟通Order of Magnitude 数量级参见 Order of Magnitude EstimateOrder of Magnitude Estimate 数量级估算参见 EstimateOrganization 组织Organization and Methods Study 组织和方法研究Organization Breakdown System 组织分解体系参见 Organizational Breakdown StructureOrganization Chart 组织图Organization Development 组织建设Organization Plan 组织计划Organization Resources 组织资源Organization Structure 组织结构Organization Unit 组织单元Organizational Breakdown Structure (OBS) 组织分解结构Organizational Constraints 组织约束Organizational Design 组织设计Organizational Factors 组织因素Organizational Influences 组织影响参见 Organizational ConstraintsOrganizational Learning 组织学习Organizational Planning 组织规划Organizational Politics 组织中的政治Organizational Requirements 组织要求Organizational Strategy 组织策略Organizational Style 组织风格Original Budget 原始预算Original Duration 原始工期参见 Baseline Duration.Originator 变更发起人OTB 超目标基准计划参见 Over Target BaselineOther Bid Considerations 其它投标对价Other Direct Costs (ODC) 其它直接成本Out of Scope 额外要求超范围范围之外Out Put Requirements 输出要求Outcome 输出结果Outlays 花费支出开销参见 Actual Costs.Outline 大纲Out-of-Sequence Progress 无序的进展Output 输出Output Format 输出格式Outsourcing 外包外部采购Over Target Baseline (OTB) 超目标基线计划Overall Change Control 整体变更控制全面变更控制综合变更控制Overall Control 全面控制Overall Cost 全部成本参见 Life Cycle Costing.Overall Project 整个项目Overall Quality Philosophy 全面质量理念Over-allocation 过度分配Overhead 管理费Overload 超负荷超载Overrun 超出限度Owner 业主所有者Owner Support 业主支持Ownership of Quality Responsibility 质量责任的归属权Package 包工作包参见 Work PackagePAR 问题分析报告参见 Problem Analysis ReportParallel Activities 平行活动Parameter 参数Parameters 参数Parametric Cost Estimating 成本参数估算Parametric Estimating 参数估算Parent Activity 母活动Parent, in scheduling 在时间进度安排中的母体Pareto Diagram 帕累托图Part 部件Participant 参与者参见 StakeholderParticipants 参与者Participation 参与Parties, to a contract 合同关系的当事人Partnering 合伙Partnership 合伙参见 Project Assurance TeamPatent Defect 明显缺陷Path 路径路线Path Convergence 路径趋同Path Float 路径浮动时间参见 FloatPath, network 网络路径Pattern 模式Pay-Back Period 投资回收期Payment 支付Payment Authorization 支付授权Payment Bond 付款担保Payroll Burden 薪金总额PBR参见 Program Benefits ReviewPBS参见 Product Breakdown StructurePC参见 Percent CompletePCA参见 Physical Configuration AuditPDD参见 Project Data DocumentPDLC参见 Project Development Life CyclePDM 前导图法优先图法参见 Precedence Diagram MethodPDM Finish to Finish Relationship 前导图法的完成完成关系PDM Finish to Start Relationship 前导图法的完成开始关系PDM Start to Finish Relationship 前导图法的开始完成关系PDM Start to Start Relationship 前导图法的开始开始关系PDS参见 Program Definition StatementPedigree 血统家谱Peer Review 同行评审Penalties 处罚罚款Penalty Power 处罚权力Percent Complete 完成比Percent Defective 缺陷百分比Percentage Complete 完成率Percentage Completion 完成百分比Performance 绩效Performance Bond 履约担保Performance Control 绩效控制Performance Evaluation 绩效评估Performance Factor 绩效因子Performance Goal 绩效目标Performance Management 绩效管理Performance Measurement 绩效测量参见 also Earned Value Analysis.Performance Measurement Baseline (PMB)绩效测量基准Performance Measurement System 绩效测量系统Performance Measurement Techniques (PMT) 绩效测量技术Performance Reporting 绩效报告Performance Specification 性能规格Performance Standards 性能标准Performing 表现Performing Organization 执行机构Period 周期一段时间Period of Performance 履约期Periodic Review 定期评审Periodical 定期的Perpetual 永恒的重复不停的不断的Personal Recognition 个人认可Personal Rewards 个人报酬Personalities 人身攻击Personality Types 个性类型Personnel 职员Personnel Development 人力资源开发Personnel Management 人事管理Personnel Training 人员培训PERT 计划评审技术参见 Program Evaluation and Review TechniquePERT Analysis PERT 分析PERT Chart PERT 图PERT Cost PERT 成本Perturbation 混乱烦恼Per-use Cost 每次使用费Pessimistic Duration 悲观工期Pessimistic Time 悲观时间PF参见 Planned Finish DatePGP参见 Pretty Good PrivacyPhase 阶段Phased Planning 阶段性规划Phasing 阶段划分Philosophy 人生观哲学Physical Configuration Audit 物理配置审核Physical Percent Complete 实际完成百分比Physical Restraint 自然约束Pictorial Display 图示Pilot 试运行Pilot Production 试生产Pitch 简报Plan 计划Plan Development 计划开发Plan Type 计划类型Planned Activity 计划活动Planned Cost 计划成本Planned Finish Date (PF) 计划完成日期Planned Future Expenditures 计划未来支出Planned Start Date (PS) 计划开始日期参见 Scheduled Start Date.Planned Value 计划价值Planned Value for Work Accomplished (PVWA) 已完成工作的计划价值Planned Value for Work Scheduled (PVWS) 计划工作的计划价值Planner 计划员Planner Time 计划者时间Planning 计划编制Planning Account 计划科目计划工作包Planning Matrix 计划矩阵Planning Package 计划包Planning Period 计划期Planning Phase 计划编制阶段参见Development PhasePlant 工厂Player 参与者参见 Participant.PLS 项目生命期参见 Project Life SpanPlug Date 指定日期Plugged date 预定日期PM 项目经理项目管理参见 Project Manager参见 Project ManagementPMB 绩效测量基线参见 Performance Measurement BaselinePMBOK 项目管理知识体系参见 Project Management Body of KnowledgePMBOK 项目管理知识体系指南PMBOK Matr