反意疑问句知识点总结.docx

反意疑问句是英语四大问句之一，它是由一个陈述句加上一个短问句而构成的。反意疑问句的基本构成形式是：陈述句+动词(肯定或否定)+主语？如： She often has lunch at school, doesnt she? You dont like sports, do you? 使用反意疑问句要注意以下若干对应规则： 一、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词在语气上成相反的对应关系，即： 肯定+否定？ 否定+肯定？如： You cant do it, can you? They are very late for the meeting, arent they? 二、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词与陈述部分的动词种类要对应一致。如： He has supper at home every day, doesnt he? (不能用hasnt he?) They have known the matter, havent they? (不能用dont they?) 三、 反意疑问句中问句部分的动词在时态上应和陈述部分的时态一致。如： They will go to town soon, wont they?(不能用dont they?或 arent they?) He works very hard, doesnt he?(不能用didnt he?或wont he?) 四、 反意疑问句的陈述部分含有由un-, im-, in-, dis-, 等否定意义的前缀构成的词语时，陈述部分要视为肯定含义，问句部分用否定形式。如： Your father is unhappy, isnt he?(不能用is he?) The man is dishonest, isnt he? (不能用is he?) It is impossible to learn English without remembering more words, isnt it?(不能用is it ?) 五、反意疑问句的陈述部分带有little, few, never, hardly, seldom等否定意义的词时，问句部分用肯定式。如： She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesnt she?) She never tells a lie, does she?(不用doesnt she?) He was seldom late, was he?(不用wasnt he?) 六、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I am时，问句部分习惯上用arent I？表示。如： I am a very honest man, arent I? 七、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词及主语与that从句内的动词和主语保持一致。如： I think that he has done his best, hasnt he? We think that English is very useful, isnt it? (不用dont we?) 八、反意疑问句的陈述部分为I(We) dont think(believe, suppose, consider)+ that从句时，从句为否定意义，问句部分的动词和主语仍与that从句保持一致且用肯定式。如： I dont think that you can do it, can you? (不用do I?) We dont believe that the news is true, is it? (不用do we?) 九、反意疑问句的陈述部分为非第一人称主语+ think(believe, suppose, consider) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如： They all think that English is very important, dont they? (不用is He didnt think that the news was true, did he? (不用wasnt/ was it?) 十、反意疑问句的陈述部分为主语+said( told, reported, asked) + that从句时，问句部分的动词和主语与陈述部分的主句动词和主语保持一致。如： They said that you had finished your work, didnt they? (不用hadnt you) Kate told you that she would go there, didnt she? (不用wouldnt she?)十一、陈述部分的主语为不定代词something, anything, nothing, everything时，问句部分的主语用it。如： Something is wrong with the computer, isnt it?Nothing has happened to them, has it? 十二、陈述部分的主语为不定代词somebody(someone), anybody(anyone), nobody(no one), everybody(everyone)时，问句部分的主语用he或 they，这时问句动词的数应和he或 they一致。如： Someone has taken the seat, hasnt he? Everyone has done their best in the game, havent they? 十三、陈述部分为Let me时，问句部分习惯上用shall I? 或will you?形式。如： Let me have a try, shall I?(will you?) 十四、陈述部分为Let us时，问句部分习惯上用will you?形式。如： Let us stop to rest, will you? 十五、陈述部分为Lets时，问句部分习惯上用shall we?形式。如： Lets go home together, shall we? 十六、陈述部分用上述情况以外的祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式表示请求，用wont you？形式表示委婉请求或邀请。如： Do sit down, wont you?/ will you? Please open the window, will you?(wont you?) 十七、陈述部分为否定祈使句时，问句部分一般用will you?形式。如： Dont make any noise, will you? 十八、陈述部分为There (Here) + be + 主语时，问句部分用动词+there(here)?形式。如： There are two cakes on the plate, arent there? Here is a story about Mark Twain, isnt here? 十九、陈述部分用had better +原形动词表示建议时，问句部分用hadnt +主语？形式。 Youd better tell him about the matter, hadnt you? We had better do it by ourselves, hadnt we? 二十、陈述部分用used to +主语时，问句部分用didnt + 主语？或usednt +主语？形式。 He used to live in the country, didnt he?/usednt he? They used to be good friends, didnt they?/usednt they? 二十一、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中带有明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用过去时形式。如： He might have forgotten his pen in the classroom yesterday, didnt he? (不用mightnt he?/ hasnt he?) You must have got up late this morning, didnt you?(不用mustnt you?/havent you?) 二十二、陈述部分用must(may, might) + have + V-ed表示推测时，若句中没有带明显的过去时间的状语，问句部分动词用现在完成时形式。如： Everyone must have known the death of the waitress, havent they? (不用mustnt they?) You must have worked there a year ago, didnt you?(不用mustnt you?/ havent you?) 二十三、陈述部分的主语为从句时，问句部分的主语一般用it代替，如：What he said is true, isnt it? (不用didnt he?) Where we will build the dam has not been decided yet, has it? (不用wont we?) 二十四、陈述部分的主语为动名词或不定式时，问句的主语用it代替。如： To do one good deed is easy for a person, isnt it? Skating is your favorite sport, isnt it?二十五、感叹句的反意疑问句感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。What colours, arent they?What a smell, isnt it?二十六Must的反意疑问句陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。 Amust表示“应该”，其疑问部分用mustnt（不应该），如：You must work hard next term, mustnt you ? 下学期你应该努力学习，对吗？ Bmust表示“必须”，其疑问部分用neednt（不必），如：They must finish the work today, neednt they? 他们今天必须要完成这项工作，是吗？ C陈述部分含情态动词mustnt，表示禁止时，疑问部分就可以用must或may，如：You mustnt stop your ca