管材技术规范.doc

管材的公称直径DN与外径的尺寸对照与相关术语解释一、钢管外形，尺寸术语及简易重量计算公式公称尺寸和实际尺寸 A、公称尺寸：是标准中规定的名义尺寸，是用户和生产企业希望得到的理想尺寸，也是合同中注明的订货尺寸。 B、实际尺寸：是生产过程中所得到的实际尺寸，该尺寸往往大于或小于公称尺寸。这种大于或小于公称尺寸的现象称为偏差。 偏差和公差 A、偏差：在生产过程中，由于实际尺寸难于达到公称尺寸要求，即往往大于或小于公称尺寸，所以标准中规定了实际尺寸与公称尺寸之间允许有一差值。差值为正值的叫正偏差，差值为负值的叫负偏差。 B、公差：标准中规定的正、负偏差值绝对值之和叫做公差，亦叫公差带。 偏差是有方向性的，即以正或负表示；公差是没有方向性的，因此，把偏差值称为正公差或负公差的叫法是错误的。 交货长度 交货长度又称用户要求长度或合同长度。标准中对交货长度有以下几种规定： A、通常长度（又称非定尺长度）：凡长度在标准规定的长度范围内而且无固定长度要求的，均称为通常长度。例如结构管标准规定：热轧（挤压、扩）钢管3000mm12000mm；冷拔（轧）钢管2000mmm10500mm。 B、定尺长度：定尺长度应在通常长度范围内，是合同中要求的某一固定长度尺寸。但实际操作中都切出绝对定尺长度是不大可能的，因此标准中对定尺长度规定了允许的正偏差值。 以结构管标准为： 生产定尺长度管比通常长度管的成材率下降幅度较大，生产企业会提出加价。加价幅度各企业不尽一致，一般为基价基础上加价10%左右。 C、倍尺长度：倍尺长度应在通常长度范围内，合同中应注明单倍尺长度及构成总长度的倍数（例如3000mm3，即3000mm的3倍数，总长为9000mm）。实际操作中，应在总长度的基础上加上允许正偏差20mm，再加上每个单倍尺长度应留切口余量。以结构管为例，规定留切口余量：外径159mm为510mm；外径159mm为1015mm。 若标准中无倍尺长度偏差及切割余量规定时，应由供需双方协商并在合同中注明。倍长尺度同定尺长度一样，会给生产企业带来成材率大幅度降低，因此生产企业也会提出加价，其加价幅度同定尺长度加价幅度基本相同。 D、范围长度：范围长度在通常长度范围内，当用户要求其中某一固定范围长度时，需在合同中注明。 例如：通常长度为300012000mm，而范围定尺长度为60008000mm或800010000mm。 由于，范围长度比定尺和倍尺长度要求宽松，比通常长度加严很多，也会给生产企业带来成材率的降低。因此生产企业也会提出加价的情况，其加价幅度一般在基价上加价4%左右。 壁厚不均 钢管壁厚不可能各处相同，在其横截面及纵向管体上客观存在壁厚不等现象，即壁厚不均。为了控制这种不均匀性，在有的钢管标准中规定了壁厚不均的允许指标，一般规定不超过壁厚公差的80%（经供需双方协商后执行）。 椭圆度 在圆形钢管的横截面上存在着外径不等的现象，即存在着不一定互相垂直的最大外径和最小外径，则最大外径与最小外径之差即为椭圆度（或不圆度）。为了控制椭圆度，有的钢管标准中规定了椭圆度的允许指标，一般规定为不超过外径公差的80%（经供需双方协商后执行）。 弯曲度 钢管在长度方向上呈曲线状，用数字表示出其曲线度即叫弯曲度。标准中规定的弯曲度一般分为如下两种： A、局部弯曲度：用一米长直尺靠量在钢管的最大弯曲处，测其弦高（mm），即为局部弯曲度数值，其单位为mm/m，表示方法如2.5mm/m。此种方法也适用于管端部弯曲度。 B、全长总弯曲度：用一根细绳，从管的两端拉紧，测量钢管弯曲处最大弦高（mm），然后换算成长度（以米计）的百分数，即为钢管长度方向的全长弯曲度。 例如：钢管长度为8m，测得最大弦高30mm,则该管全长弯曲度应为： 0.038m100%=0.375% 尺寸超差 尺寸超差或叫尺寸超出标准的允许偏差。此处的尺寸主要指钢管的外径和壁厚。把尺寸超差现象叫偏差出格。偏差和公差是不等同的，应此处的偏差可能是正的，也可能是负的，很少在同一批钢管中出现正、负偏差均出格的现象。钢管的简易每米重量计算公式 钢管每米重量=（外径-壁厚）*壁厚*0.02466二、不同材料管材的直径的表示与对应符号管材的直径可分为外径（可用或D表示）、内径、公称直径（用DN单位mm或英寸in来表示）。管子的公称直径和其内径、外径的符号表示A、无缝钢管的管子的外径用字母或D来表示，其后附加外直径的尺寸和壁厚，例如外径为108的无缝钢管，壁厚为5MM，用（或者D）108*5表示。B、塑料管也用外径表示，如De63。C、其他如钢筋混凝土管、铸铁管、镀锌钢管等采用DN表示。关于公称直径公称直径用DN表示，公称直径是接近于内径，但是又不等于内径的一种管子直径的规格名称，也不表示公称外径减去两个公称壁厚所得的内径，在设计图纸中所以要用公称直径，目的是为了根据公称直径可以确定管子、管件、阀门、法兰、垫片等结构尺寸与连接尺寸，公称直径采用符号DN表示，在设计图纸中一般采用公称直径来表示，公称直径是为了设计制造和维修的方便人为地规定的一种标准，也较公称通径，是管子（或者管件）的规格名称。管子的公称直径和其内径、外径都不相等。公称直径DN、英寸与外径的尺寸对照表（一）低压流体输送焊接钢管与镀锌焊接钢管常用规格尺寸对照表（二）英制钢管常用规格尺寸对照表（三）钢管常用规格近似尺寸对照表（一）低压流体输送焊接钢管与镀锌焊接钢管常用规格尺寸对照表公称口径（DN）公称口径（英寸）外径（）壁厚镀锌管壁黑铁管增加的重量系数mminmmMM普通钢管加厚钢管61/810.021.0641.05981/413.52.751.0561.046103/817.03.501.0561.046151/221.33.151.0471.039203/826.83.401.0461.03925133.54.251.0391.032321.2542.35.151.0391.032401.548.04.001.0361.03050260.05.001.0361.028652.575.55.251.0341.02880388.54.251.0321.0271004114.07.001.0321.0261255140.07.501.0281.0231506165.07.501.0281.023（二）英制钢管常用规格尺寸对照表外径壁厚重量英寸（in）毫米.（mm）单位毫米.英寸.公斤/米.磅/英尺.1/8”10.310S1.240.0490.280.191/8”10.3STD-401.730.0680.370.251/8”10.3XS-802.410.0950.480.321/4”13.710S1.650.0650.500.341/4”13.7STD-402.240.0880.640.431/4”13.7XS-803.020.1190.810.553/8”17.110S 1.650.0650.640.433/8”17.1STD-402.310.0910.850.573/8”17.1XS-803.200.1261.110.751/2”21.35S1.050.0420.530.361/2”21.310S2.110.0831.010.681/2”21.3STD-402.770.1091.280.861/2”21.3XS-803.730.1471.631.101/2”21.31604.780.1881.971.331/2”21.3XXS7.470.2942.571.733/4”26.75S1.650.0651.030.693/4”26.710S2.110.0831.290.873/4”26.7STD-402.870.1131.701.143/4”26.7XS-803.910.1542.221.493/4”26.71605.560.2192.931.973/4”26.7XXS7.820.3083.682.481”33.45S1.650.0651.310.881”33.410S2.770.1092.121.421”33.4STD-403.380.1332.531.701”33.4XS-804.550.1793.272.181”33.41606.350.2504.282.881”33.4XXS9.090.3585.513.711 1/4”42.25S1.65 0.0651.671.121 1/4”42.210S2.770.1092.721.831 1/4”42.2STD-403.560.1403.432.311 1/4”42.2XS-804.850.1914.513.031 1/4”42.21606.350.2505.673.811 1/4”42.2XXS9.700.3827.855.281 1/2”48.35S1.650.0651.921.291 1/2”48.310S2.770.1093.142.111 1/2”48.3STD-403.680.1454.092.751 1/2”48.3XS-805.080.2005.473.681 1/2”48.31607.140.2817.324.921 1/2”48.3XXS10.150.4009.656.492”60.35S1.650.0652.411.622”60.32.110.0833.062.062”60.310S2.770.1093.972.672”60.33.180.1254.523.042”60.3STD-403.910.1545.493.692”60.3XS-805.540.2187.565.082”60.31608.740.34411.237.552”60.3XXS11.070.43613.589.132 1/2”73.05S2.110.0833.732.512 1/2”73.010S3.050.1205.323.572 1/2”73.0304.780.1888.125.462 1/2”73.0STD-405.160.2038.725.862 1/2”73.0XS-807.010.27611.527.742 1/2”73.01609.530.37515.0810.142 1/2”73.0XXS14.020.55220.6013.843”88.95S2.110.0834.563.073”88.92.770.1095.954.003”88.910S3.050.1206.524.383”88.93.180.1256.794.563”88.93.580.1417.615.123”88.93.960.1568.385.633”88.9STD-405.490.21611.417.673”88.9XS-807.620.30015.4310.373”88.916011.130.43821.5614.493”88.9XXS15.240.60027.9618.793 1/2”101.65S2.110.0835.233.523 1/2”101.610S3.050.1207.495.033 1/2”101.6304.780.18811.537.753 1/2”101.6STD-405.740.22613.719.213 1/2”101.6XS-808.080.31818.8312.654”114.35S2.110.0835.903.974”114.310S3.050.1208.465.684”114.33.180.1258.815.924”114.33.960.15610.897.324”114.34.370.17211.978.054”114.34.780.18813.048.764”114.35.160.20314.039.434”114.35.560.21915.0610.624”114.3STD-406.020.23716.2410.914”114.36.350.25017.0811.484”114.37.140.28119.0612.814”114.37.920.31220.9914.114”114.3XS-808.560.33722.5515.154”114.312011.130.43828.6119.234”114.316013.490.53133.8822.774”114.3XXS17.120.67441.4527.855”141.33.960.15613.559.115”141.34.780.18816.2610.935”141.35.560.21918.8012.635”141.3STD-406.550.25821.9914.785”141.37.140.28123.8616.045”141.37.920.31226.3217.695”141.3XS-809.530.37531.2821.025”141.312012.700.50040.6927.345”141.316015.880.62549.6233.345”141.3XXS19.050.75058.0138.986”168.34.370.17217.8411.996”168.34.780.18819.4713.096”168.35.160.20320.9714.096”168.35.560.21922.5415.156”168.36.350.25025.6217.226”168.3STD-407.110.28028.5519.196”168.37.920.31231.6421.266”168.38.740.34434.7423.356”168.39.530.37537.6925.336”168.3XS-8010.970.43242.9928.896”168.312.700.50049.2333.086”168.312014.270.56254.7536.796”168.315.880.62560.3040.526”168.316018.260.71968.2545.866”168.319.050.75070.8547.616”168.3XXS21.950.86480.0253.776”168.322.230.87580.8754.348”219.14.780.18825.5217.158”219.15.160.20327.5018.488”219.15.560.21929.5819.888”219.1206.350.25033.6522.618”219.1307.040.27737.1924.998”219.17.920.31241.6628.008”219.1STD-408.180.32242.9828.888”219.18.740.34445.8030.788”219.19.530.37549.7533.438”219.16010.310.40653.6236.038”219.111.130.43857.6638.758”219.1XS-8012.700.50065.3043.888”219.114.270.56272.8148.938”219.110015.090.59476.6951.538”219.115.880.62580.3154.028”219.112018.260.71991.3661.398”219.119.050.75094.9363.798”219.114020.620.812101.9568.518”219.1XXS22.230.875108.9673.228”219.116023.010.906112.4075.598”219.125.401.000122.5682.3610”273.04.780.18831.9421.4610”273.05.160.20334.4323.1410”273.05.560.21937.0424.8910”273.0206.350.25042.1828.3410”273.07.090.27946.9731.5610”273.0307.800.30751.5334.6310”273.08.740.34457.3438.6610”273.0STD-409.270.36560.9040.9210”273.011.130.43872.6148.7910”273.0XS-6012.700.50082.3555.3410”273.014.270.56291.9261.8010”273.08015.090.59496.9565.1510”273.015.880.625101.7168.3510”273.010018.260.719115.8777.8610”273.020.620.812129.6487.1110”273.012021.440.844134.3590.2810”273.022.230.875138.8793.3210”273.023.830.938147.9199.3910”273.0XXS-14025.401.000156.66105.2210”273.016028.581.125174.01116.9310”273.031.751.250190.81128.2212”323.8206.350.25050.2233.7512”323.87.140.28156.3237.8512”323.87.920.31262.3241.8812”323.8308.380.33065.8544.2312”323.88.740.34468.6046.1012”323.8STD9.530.37574.6150.1312”323.84010.310.40680.5154.1012”323.811.130.43886.6958.2512”323.8XS12.700.50098.4266.1412”323.86014.270.562110.0373.9412”323.815.880.625121.8181.8512”323.88017.480.688133.3889.6312”323.819.050.75014.6297.1812”323.820.620.812155.73104.6512”323.810021.440.844161.48108.5112”323.823.830.938178.07119.6512”323.8XXS-12025.401.000188.80126.8712”323.826.971.062199.42134.0012”323.814028.581.125210.18141.2312”323.831.751.250230.98155.2112”323.816033.321.312241.10162.0114”355.6106.350.25055.2537.1314”355.6207.920.31268.6046.114”355.68.740.34475.5250.7514”355.6STD-309.530.37582.1655.2114”355.610.310.40688.6859.5914”355.64011.130.43895.5164.1814”355.6XS12.700.500108.4872.9014”355.614.270.562121.3381.5314”355.66015.090.594128.0086.0114”355.68019.050.750159.71107.3214”355.610023.830.938196.94132.3414”355.625.401.000208.92140.3914”355.626.971.062220.78148.3614”355.612027.791.094226.93152.4914”355.614031.751.250256.13172.1114”355.616035.711.406284.56191.2116”406.4106.350.25063.2842.5216”406.47.140.28171.0147.7216”406.4207.920.31278.6252.8316”406.48.740.34486.5858.1816”406.4STD-309.530.35794.2163.3116”406.410.310.406101.7268.3616”406.411.130.438109.5973.6416”406.4XS-4012.700.500124.5583.6916”406.414.270.562139.3993.6716”406.415.880.625154.48103.8016”406.46016.660.656161.74108.6916”406.417.480.688169.35113.8016”406.419.050.750183.81123.5216”406.420.620.812198.15133.1516”406.48021.440.844205.60138.1516”406.425.401.000241.06161.9816”406.410026.191.031248.05166.6816”406.412030.961.219289.54194.5616”406.431.751.250296.31199.1116”406.414036.531.438336.57226.1616”406.416040.491.594369.06247.9918”457207.920.31288.6059.5418”4578.740.34497.5965.5818”457STD9.530.375106.2371.3818”45710.310.406114.7277.0918”4573011.130.438123.6283.0718”457XS12.700.500140.5694.4518”4574014.270.562157.38105.7518”45715.880.625174.50117.2518”45717.480.688191.38128.6018”4576019.050.750207.82139.6518”4578023.830.938257.13172.7818”45725.401.000273.08183.5018”45726.971.062288.91194.1418”45728.581.125305.01204.9618”45710029.361.156312.76210.1618”45730.181.188320.88215.6218”45731.751.250336.33226.0018”45712034.931.375367.25246.7818”45714039.671.562412.40277.1218”45716045.241.781464.03311.8120”5088.740.344108.7073.0420”508STD-209.530.375118.3379.5120”50810.310.406127.8285.8920”50811.130.438137.7692.5720”508XS-3012.700.500156.70105.320”50814.270.562175.51117.9420”5084015.090.594185.28124.5020”50815.880.625194.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外径 In英寸 DN1522mm，1/2DN2027mm 3/4DN2534mm1DN4048mm1.25DN5060mm1.5DN6576(73)mm2.5DN8