西方经济学英汉单词对照表.doc

埃奇沃思盒状图Edgeworth box diagram埃奇沃思模型Edgeworths model肮脏浮动 dirty floating奥地利学派 Australian School奥尔多自由主义学派 Ordo Liberal School奥肯定理 Okuns law奥意财政学派 fiscal school in Austria and Italy巴罗模型 Barro model巴塞尔协议 Basel agreement半变动成本 semi-variable cost包销 exclusive sales保护关税 protective tariff保护就业论 employment argument for protectionism保护贸易说 theory of protective trade保护幼稚工业论 infant-industry argument 保留价格 reservation price保留需求 reservation demand保险单 insurance policy保证金交易 margin trading鲍莫尔模型 Baumols model鲍莫尔托宾模 型Baumol-Tobin model鲍莫尔最大销售收益假说 Baumols hypothesis of maximal sell returns鲍文布莱克多数投票模型Bowen-Black majority voting model贝叶斯标准 Bayes criterion贝叶斯静态博弈static Bayesian games贝叶斯纳什均衡Bayesian-Nash equilibrium比较财政学comparative public finance比较富有弹性 relatively elastic比较管理学 comparative management比较静态均衡comparative static equilibrium比较利益理论 theory of comparative advantage比较缺乏弹性 relatively inelastic比例均等牺牲 proportional sacrifice比例税负 proportional tax-bearing比例税率 proportional tax rate必需品 necessities必要增长率 required rate of growth庇古税 Pigovian taxes 庇古效应 Pigou effect边干边学 learning-by-doing 边际报酬递减规律 law of diminishing marginal returns边际产量 marginal product边际产量递减diminishing marginal product边际产品价值value of marginal product边际成本定价法 marginal cost pricing边际储蓄倾向 marginal propensity to save（MPS）边际革命 marginal revolution边际公共支出倾向 marginal public expenditure propensity边际技术替代率marginal rate of technical substitution边际技术替代率递减diminishing marginal rate of technical substitution边际进口倾向 marginal propensity to import（MPM）边际量 marginal quantity边际贫穷 marginal poor边际社会成本marginal social cost（MSC）边际社会纯产值marginal society pure production value边际社会收益 marginal social benefit（MSB），marginal social revenues边际收益 marginal revenue边际收益产品marginal revenue product边际税率 marginal tax rate边际税收倾向 marginal tax propensity边际私人成本 marginal personal cost边际私人收益 marginal private benefit（MPB）边际替代率 marginal rate of substitution边际替代率递减 diminishing marginal rate of substitution边际外部成本 marginal external cost边际外部性 marginal externality边际外在损害marginal external damage边际物质产品marginal physical product边际消费倾向 marginal propensity to consume边际效用 marginal utility边际效用递减diminishing marginal utility边际效用均等 equi-marginal utility边际效用学派 Marginal Utility School边际要素成本 marginal cost of actors边际有效税率 marginal effective tax rate边际有效税率模型 marginal effective tax rate model边际欲望 marginal desire边际转换率 marginal rate of transformation边沁杰里米 Bentham，Jeremy贬值的贸易条件效应 effects of devaluation on terms-of-trade变相货币 disguised money标准基期法 method of standard period标准商品 standard goods标准投资利润率法 method of standard profit rate of investment表外业务off-balance-sheet activities of banks禀赋点 endowment point拨款的替代效应 substitution effect of grant伯格森 Bergson，A.伯格森萨缪尔森的社会福利函数Bergson-Samuelsons social welfare function伯格森社会福利函数 Bergson social welfare function博弈论 game theory博弈树 game trees 补偿贸易 compensation trade补偿性财政政策 compensatory fiscal policy补偿性税收政策compensatory tax policy补偿需求函数 compensated demand function补偿原理 compensation principal补偿政策 compensatory policy不变成本 fixed cost不变的利率 constant rate of interest不变加成经济周期模型business cycle model of constant added value不变价格 constant price不变弹性 constant elasticity不诚实投票 insincere voting不纯公共物品 impure public goods不动点定理 fixed point theorem不对称信息 asymmetric information不发达国家 underdeveloped countries不加速通货膨胀的失业率 non-accelerating inflation rate of unemployment（NAIRU）不可兑换货币 inconvertible currency不可分散风险 undispersible risk不可抗力 force majeure不可置信的威胁 incredible threat不平衡增长 unbalanced growth不确定性 uncertainty 不体现的技术进步disembodied technical change不完全竞争 incomplete competition不完全替代品 imperfect substitutes不完全信息模型 imperfect-information model不完全预期的通货膨胀 imperfectly anticipated inflation不稳定均衡 unstable equilibrium不相关选择的独立性 irrelevant alternative independence不正常的通货膨胀 invalidated inflation 布劳 威 尔 不 动 点 定 理Brouwers fixed-point theorem布雷顿森林货币体系 Bretton woods monetary system部分归属制 partial imputation system部分海损 partial loss部分损失冲销机制 partial loss-off-setting mechanism部分转嫁 partial shiftingCES生产函数 CES production functionCIF 术语 cost，insurance and freight（CIF）财产税 taxation on properties财产 替 代 效 应substitution effect of property财富替代效应 wealth substitution effect财富转让税 wealth transfer taxes财政补贴政策 policy of fiscal subsidy财政部观点 Treasury view财政乘数 fiscal multiplier财政赤字 fiscal deficit财政赤字效应 effect of financial deficit财政冲力 fiscal impulse财政刺激 fiscal stimulus财 政 发 行currency issue for fiscal purpose财政杠杆 fiscal leverage财政关税 revenue tariff财政红利 fiscal dividend财政幻觉 fiscal illusion财政交换说 exchange theory of public finance财政联邦制，财政联邦主义 fiscal federalism财政年度 fiscal year财政收入 fiscal revenue财政收入集中率 centralization ratio of financial revenue财政特权 fiscal privilege财政投资 fiscal investment财政投资政策 policy of fiscal investment财政拖累 fiscal drag财政牺牲说 fiscal sacrifice theory财政性通货膨胀 fiscal inflation财政优惠 fiscal incentives财政与货币政策混合fiscal-monetary policy mix财政政策效应 effect of fiscal policy财政支出 fiscal expenditure财政支出的长期收入模型 long-term revenue model of financial expenditure菜单成本 menu costs策略补偿 strategic complementary策略互动 strategic interaction策略替代 strategic substitutability差别关税 differential duty差别信息 different information差价税 variable levy差异产品 differentiated products差异原则 difference principle产出 output产 出 关 联 理 论industries relativity theory产出效应 output effect产品差异 production differentiation产品的生命周期 product cycle产品转换曲线 product transformation curve产权理论 theory of property rights产权收益率，产权报酬率 return on equity（ROE）产权学派 Property-right Economics产业内贸易 intra-industry trade产业内贸易指数 intra-industry trade index颤抖手均衡trembling-hand perfect equilibrium长期边际成本 long-run marginal cost（LMC）长期菲利普斯曲线 long-run Phillips curve长期竞争性均衡 long-run competitive equilibrium长期均衡 long-run equilibrium长期 劳 动 合 同 论long-term labor contract theory长期贫穷 hardcore poor长期平均成本 long-run average cost长期停滞 secular stagnation长期停滞理论 secular-stagnation theory长期消费函数 long-run consumption function长期性失业 chronic unemployment长期资本流动 long capital flow长 期 总 成 本long-run total cost（LTC）偿债基金 debt service funds偿债能力 debt paying ability偿债能力系数 debt coverage ratio常务董事会 board of managing directors 厂商 firm厂商均 衡equilibrium for a business firm 厂商信誉论 firm reputation theory场外交易市场 OTS markets超 保 护 贸 易 政 策ultra-protective trade policy超保 护 贸 易 主 义theory on super-protectionism超额利润 excess profit超额需求 excess demand超级 301条款 super301 clause超级乘数 super multiplier沉淀成本 sunk cost成本不变行业 constant cost industry成本递减行业 decreasing cost industry 成本递增行业 increasing cost industry成本函数 cost function成本会计 cost accounting成本加成定价 markup pricing成本平价 cost parity成本收入比较法 cost to revenue comparative method成本弹性 cost elasticity成本推进通货膨胀 cost-push inflation成本效益分析 cost-benefit analysis成本最小化问题 cost minimum problem 承兑 交 单 documents against acceptance（D/A）承诺成本 committed cost承诺行动 commitment乘数原理 multiplier principle程序操纵 agenda manipulation持久收入储蓄动机permanent-in-come savings motive持久收入的边际消费倾向 marginal propensity to consume out of permanent income持久收入假说 permanent income hypothesis持平产出 break-even output持平收入 break-even income持有期收益率 holding period benefits持有收益 holding gains持有损失 holding losses持有正义论 theory of holding justice赤字货币化 monetization of deficit赤字性支出 deficit spending赤字预算 budget with deficit赤字债务化 debtization of deficit充分乘数 full multiplier充分就业 full employment充分就业产量 full-employment output充分就业的预算盈余full-employment budget surplus充分就业目标 objective of full employment充 分 就 业 失 业 率full-employment unemployment rate充分就业盈余full-employment surplus充分就业预算赤字 full employment budget deficit充分生产 full production冲击乘数 impact multiplier出口补贴 export subsidy出口导向型增长 export-lead growth出口鼓励 export promotion出口税 export duties出口替代 export substitution出口信贷 export credit出口性通货膨胀 exported inflation出口依存度degree of dependence upon export出售污染权 sales for pollution rights初级内向 primary inward-looking初级外向 primary outward-looking储备货币 reserve currency储备进口比率 reserve-import ratio储备头寸 reserve position储备资产增减额 change in reserves储蓄的利率弹性 elasticity of interest rate for saving储蓄负利率 negative interest rates of savings储蓄过度理论 over saving theory储蓄函数 savings function储蓄率 savings ratio储蓄银行 savings bank储蓄增长率 increase ingrate of savings传统 货 币 理 论traditional monetary theory创新经济周期理论 innovation business-cycle theory纯粹集权经济 pure command economy纯粹交易 pure exchange纯粹垄断 pure monopoly纯地租 pure rent纯公共物品 pure public goods纯古典制 pure classical system纯货币理论 pure monetary theory纯 经 济 福 利net economic welfare pure economic welfare纯贸易条件 net barter terms of trade纯时间偏好率 rate of pure time preference纯私人物品 pure private goods纯 再 分 配 模 型pure redistribution model次级内向 secondary inward-looking次级外向 secondary outward-looking次优理论 second-best theory次优政策 second-best policy刺 激反 应 公 式stimulas-reaction formula从价税 ad valorem duty从量税 specific duty存货 投 资 周 期inventory investment cycle存款保险 deposit insurance存款 准 备 金 政 策policy of reserve requirement存量分析 stock analysis存量和流量 stock and flow代理银行制度 agent banks system代议制民主 representative democracy丹尼森法则 Denisons law单独浮动 independent floating单峰偏好 single-peaked preference单个消费者的均 衡equilibrium for the individual consumer单利 single interest单式税则 single tariff单向外在性 unilateral externality单项否决权 line item veto单一产品出口型经济export-enclave economy单一经济学 mono-economics单一银行体制 unit banks单因素贸易条件 single factor terms of trade刀刃均衡 knife-equilibrium道琼斯平均数 Dow Jones Average道德风险 moral hazard道德选民 ethical voter道 尔 顿 转 移 原 则Dalton transfer principle德 尔 菲 预 测 法Delphi forecasting method等边际原理 equilibrium principle等产量线 isoquant curve等成本线 iso-cost line低成 本 价 格 领 导 制low cost price leadship低收入国家 low income countries低 水 平 均 衡 陷 阱 理 论low-level equilibrium trap theory抵消关税 atching duty抵押市场 mortgage market抵押债券 mortgage bond地点套汇 arbitrage in space地方公共物品 local public goods地方税 local tax地方政府的分层蛋糕模型layer cake model of local government地区工资税和折扣 regional pay-roll taxes and rebates第三 级 价 格 歧 视third class price discrimination蒂布假说 Tiebout hypothesis蒂布均衡 Tiebout equilibrium蒂布模型 Tibets model蒂布迁移 Tiebout migration点弹性 point elasticity电汇汇率 telegraphic transfer rate电子货币 electronic money调研预测法 investigation and research forecasting method盯住利率指标pegged interest rate indicator东 南 亚 国 家 联 盟Association of Southeast Asia Nations（ASEAN）动态分析 dynamical analysis动态均衡 dynamic equilibrium动态外部经济 dynamic external economics动态无效性 dynamic inefficiency动物本能 animal spirits独 立 品，不 相 关 商 品independent goods短期菲利普斯曲线 short-run Phillips curve短期货币市场 short-term money market短期金边债券 short-dated gilt-edged security短期竞争性均衡 short-run competitive equilibrium短期均衡 short-run equilibrium短期可变成本 short-run variable cost短期政府债券 short tap短期资本流动 short capital flow短期总供给曲线 short-run aggregate supply curve短缺的累积性效应 cumulative effect of shortage对冲干预 sterilized intervention对数曲线预测法logarithmic curve forecasting method对通货膨胀的需求 demand for inflation对外净投资 net foreign investment对外贸易 foreign trade对外贸易乘数 foreign trade multiplier多部门增长模型 multisector growth model多重均衡 multiple equilibrium多峰偏好 multiple-peaked preference多数规则 majority voting rule多数人专制 tyranny of the majority多数投票规则增长论 growth theory for majority voting rule多样化 diversification多种货币保值 insurable value of currencies 恩格尔法则 Engel law恩格尔曲线 Engel curveFOB 术语 FOB（free on board）发信号 signaling发行的银行 issuing bank发展国家观 developmental state发展极 development poles发展经济学 development teconomics发展危机 development crisis发展援助 development aid，development assistance发展中国家 developing countries法币 lawful money法定 存 款 准 备 金 率rate of reserve requirements of bank deposit法定货币 fiat money法定利率 legal interest rate繁荣通货膨胀 boom inflation反补贴税 countervailing duty反垄断 antitrust反倾销 anti-dumping反倾销论 anti-dumping argument反倾销税 anti-dumping duty反三角兼并 reverse triangular反通货膨胀 disinflation反 通 货 膨 胀 对 策counter-inflation policy反托拉斯法 Antitrust laws反向外援 reverse foreign aid反应方程 reaction function反增长论 theory of disgrowth反周期的 counter cyclical反周期货币政策规则 counter cycle monetary policy反 周 期 政 策anti-cyclical policy，counter-cyclical policy范围经济 economics of scope范围经济度degree of economics of scope防止污染的财政补贴 subsidies for preventing pollution防止 污 染 的 直 接 管 制 政 策direct regulatory policy for preventing pollution放松规制 deregulation放松银根政策 easy money policy飞跃式白金时代 galloping platinum age非独裁性 non-dictatorship非公开失业 non-open unemployment非关税壁垒 non-tariff barriers（NT-Bs）非合作均衡 noncooperative equilibrium非货币投资过度理论 over-non-money investment theory非价格竞争 non-price competition非竞争性 nonrival非均衡 disequilibrium非劳动力 not in the labor force非累进部门 non-progressive sector非排他性 nonexclusive非 调 节 性 货 币 政 策non-adjusting monetary policy非完全信息 imperfect information非系统风险 non-systemic risk非相机处置支出(不可任意支配的支出) nondiscretionary expenditure非 选 择 性 公 共 产 品non-optional public goods非银行金融机构 non-bank financial institutions非知识效应 non-cognitive effects非中性技术进步 non-neutral technical progress非洲开发银行African development bank非自决的财政政策 non-discretionary fiscal policy非 自 愿 失 业involuntary unemployment菲利普斯曲线 Phillips curve费尔德斯坦曲线 Feldstein curve费雪交易方程式 Fishers transaction equation费雪效应 Fisher effect费 用 收 益 比 较 法cost to benefit comparative method费用效 应 比 较 法cost to effect comparative method分层蛋糕模型 layer cake model分类所得税 classified income tax分类综合所得税classified and aggregate income tax分配 distribution分配的边际产品理论 marginal product theory of distribution分配公正 distributive justice分配决定论 distribution determination theory分配性时滞方程distributed lag equation分配正义论 distributing justice theory分批装运 partial shipment分权问题 assignment problem分权型财政管理体制 decentralized financial management system分权型税收管理体制 decentralized tax administrative system分散化 decentralization分散性指标 dispersion index分数投票 point voting分税原则 principle for tax assignment分税制 tax-sharing system分享经济 participation economy丰收悖论 paradox of foison风险承担的成本 cost of risk-taking风险分摊 risk spreading风险控制 risk control风险市场 market for risk风险下的选择 choice under risk风险型决策 risk decision风险厌恶度量 risk aversion measure风险溢价 risk premium风险中性 risk neutral封闭经济 closed economy封闭市场价格 price in the close market峰值 peak value弗莱堡学派 Freiburg School弗里德曼货币需求函数 Friedmans demand function for money服务贸易 service trade浮动汇率 floating exchange rate浮动汇率制floating exchange rate system浮动利率 floating interest rate浮动利率的抵押贷款floating rate mortgage福 利 国 家welfare country， welfare state福利经济学的两条基本定理two fundamental theorem of welfare economics福利经济学第二定理 second fundamental theorem of welfare economics福利经济学第三定理third fundamental theorem of welfare economics福利经济学第一定 理first fundamental theorem of welfare economics福利开支 welfare expenditure福利效应 wealth effect辅助税种 secondary tax付款交单 documents against payment（D/P）负储蓄 dissaving负担率 burden rate负金钱外在性 negative pecuniary externalities负排挤效应 negative crowding out effect负税率 negative tax rate负税人 tax bearer负所得税的福利效应 welfare affection of negative income tax负所得税制system of negative income tax负外部效应 negative externality负效用 disutility负有效保护率 negative rate of effective protection负债管理 liability management负债业务 liability business负债资产比率 debt-to-asset ratio负真实利率 negative real rate of interest附加技术进步的生产要素factor augmenting technical progress附加税 tax supplements附加预期的菲利普斯曲线 expectations-augmented Phillips curve复合需求 joint demand复利 compound interest复利现值系数 present value interest factor复利终值系数future value interest factor复式记账法 double entry method复式税则 complex tariff复式预算 double-entry budgeting副产品 by product赋税乘数 tax multiplierGDP缺口 GDP gap高峰负荷价 peak-load pricing高就业盈余 high employment surplus高能货币 high-powered money戈森定律 Gossens law格雷欣法则 Greshams law格罗 夫 斯列 耶 机 制Groves-Ledyard mechanism个人可支配收入 disposable personal income工人错觉模型worker-misperception model工资差异 wage differentials工资的补偿性差别 equalizing differences in wages工资工资螺旋式上升 wage-wage spiral工资理论 wage theory工 资 谈 判 理 论theory of wage bargaining工资物价螺旋式上升 wage-price spiral工资 下 降 刚 性downward rigidity of wages工资下限假设 wage floor assumption工资与物价指导线 wage and price guidelines工资粘性假设wage sticky assumption 工资指数化 indexation of wage工作决策的收入效应 income effect in the decision to work工作决策理论 theory of the decision to work工作决策中的替代效应 substitution effect in the decision to work工作量折旧法 depreciation of units-of-output method公共部门借款 public sector borrowing公共部门借款需求public sector borrowing requirement公共部门经济学 economics of public sector公共部门均衡 public sector equilibrium公共部门失灵 public sector failure公共财产资源 common property resource公共采购 public procurement公共产品的供应 provision of public goods公共产品的供应模型 models of provision of pubic goods公共产品的私人提供 private provision of public goods公共 产 品 定 价 法price method for public goods公共产品论 theory of public goods公共产品与公共基金的私人成本public goods and private costs of public funds公共定价 public pricing公共负储蓄 negative public savings公共工程 public works公共工程支出 public project expenditure公共供给 public provision公共管制 public regulation公共集体行动 public collective action公共经济 public economy公共经济学 public economics公共领域 public domain公共企业 public enterprises公共企业部门 public enterprise sector公共生产 public production公共事业 public utility公共事业定价 public utility pricing公共物品的帕累托效率条件 Pareto efficient condition of public goods公共物品国家观 public goods state公共物品配置的边际效用理论marginal utility of public goods allocation公共需求理论 public demand theory公共选择学派 School of Public Choice公共支出的分配效应 distribution affect of public expenditure公共支出的宏观经济学模型 macroeconomic models of public expenditure 公共支出的可行限量 feasible limitation of public expenditure公共支出的收入效应 income effect of public expenditure公共支出的制度极限 constitutional limits to public expenditure公共支出的自然极限 natural limits to public expenditure公共支出的最高限量 maximum limitation of public e