非谓语动词做宾语.ppt

非谓语动词的语法功能区别,ps: 过去分词不做主语和宾语,一、非谓语动词做宾语的区别,不定式和V.ing可做宾语,1.只能跟不定式做宾语的动词,三决定： choose, decide, determine 四要求： ask, demand , request, require 五提意： agree, promise, plan, offer(提出）， refuse(拒绝） 六期望： expect, hope, want, intend, manage(设法），pretend（假装）,2.只能跟V.ing形式做宾语的动词,admit , advise, allow, avoid, consider, delay, enjoy, escape, excuse, finish, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practise, suggest be tired of, be used to(习惯), cant help(but), depend on, feel like(想要), give up, insist on, look forward to, pay attention to, put off, set about(开始), stick to(坚持), succeed in,1）.“喜好”：love, like, hate, prefer, dislike ,3.两种皆可,+V.ing 经常性习惯性动作,+ to do 具体，特定，或表将来的行为,Eg. I like swimming, but I dont like to swim today.,= feel like doing,2).“开始，继续”: begin, start, continue,+v.ing 有意识行为,+ to do 无意识行为，或后跟表精神状态或心理活动,Eg. I started learning English when I was ten. It started to rain last night. I continue to feel sick.( 心理活动）,3）. “需要”：want need require,+v.ing 与主语在逻辑上含动宾关系（被动）= to be done,+ to do 与主语在逻辑上含主谓关系 （主动),Eg. My bike needs repairing.= to be repaired ( 被动） She needs to talk to you.( 主动）,4）. ,remember,doing 记得做过某事,to do 记得要做某事,forget,doing 忘记做过某事,to do 忘记要做某事,5）.,regret,doing 后悔做过某事,to do 对要做的事表示抱歉,eg. I regret to inform you that you are fired. 我很遗憾地告诉你。,6）.,try,doing 试着做某事,to do 尽力做某事,7）. cant help,doing 情不自禁做某事,(to) do 不能帮忙做某事,8）. go on,doing 继续做同一件事,to do 接着做另一件事,9）. mean,doing (做某事）意味着,to do 打算干某事,Eg. His plan means wasting time. I didnt mean to waste your time.,10). stop,doing 停止做这件事,to do 停下去做另一件事,二、做主语的区别,不定式和V.ing形式都可做主语。 不定式：表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来的动作； V.ing形式：表示比较抽象的，经常性一般性行为。 eg: Teaching is my job. To teach you the uses of the machine is my job today.,三、做表语的区别,不定式做表语：表示具体的某次动作，特别是将来的动作。 eg: The boys wish is to become a doctor. V.ing形式做表语：表示抽象的、经常性或一般性行为，说明主语本身情况。 eg: My job is teaching. 过去分词做表语： 说明主语的特征，特性或状态，与主语含动宾关系(被动） eg: We are interested in the story.,三、做定语的区别,不定式做定语：指将来的动作，如果不定式为不及物动词，须在其后加上适当的介词。 eg: He has nothing to worry about. V.ing 形式做定语：表示名词的用途，多为前置定语，如a flying suit. 强调动作正在进行或经常性的动作或状态，与被修饰的名词在逻辑上含主谓关系（主动）。如：a flying bird.,过去分词做定语：vt.做定语表被动和完成。如： This is a play written by Shakespeare. vi.做定语只表示完成。如： There are many fallen leaves on the ground.,四、做状语的区别,五、做宾语补足语的区别,不定式：与其前的宾语含主谓关系，且表示动作已经发生，动作全过程已经结束，或将来的动作，经常性的动作。 eg: I saw him go upst