现在完成时和过去完成时.ppt

现在完成时,The Present Perfect Tense,主语 + have/has + done,She has finished her homework. She has not finished her homework. Has she finished her homework? What has she done?,肯定句,否定句,一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,主语 + have/has + not + done,Have/Has + 主语 + done?,特殊疑问词 + have/has + 主语+done?,动词的过去分词的变化规则,1.规则变化 (1)一般情况下，动词词尾加 -ed 。如： worked, played, wanted, acted,(2)以不发音的 -e 结尾动词，动词词尾加 d。如： lived, moved, decided, hoped, judged, raised,(3)以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词, 把-y变为-i 再加-ed。如： studied, tried, copied, cried, carried,(4) 重读闭音节动词，双写词尾辅音字母，再加 ed。如： stopped, begged, dragged, dropped, planned,2.不规则变化 原形 过去式 过去分词,become begin break bring buy build catch come go get ,became began broke brought bought built caught came went got,become begun broken brought bought built caught come gone got, gotten,3. 现在完成时可以与already, ever, recently, never, yet, for a long time, lately, just, since过去的时间点/一般过去时, in/during the past/last few years等状语连用。,1.I have already finished my homework. 2.He hasnt cleaned the room yet. 3.She has lived in China since 2008. 4.We have learned English for more than 3 years. 5.They havent seen each other for a long time. 6.In the last 10 years, the price of house has increased.,Translate and Summarize,1. 概念:表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。表示从过去某一时间开始并一直延续到现在的动作或状态。 2. 构成:助动词have/has动词的过去分词。 I have already finished my homework. He has lived in China since 2008.,现在完成时,sb+have/has + 延续性动词的过去分词 +for+一段时间 I have learned English for more than 3 years. He has had the bike for 2 years. sb+ have/has + done + since +过去时间点/一般过去时 Mr Green has lived in China since 2008/ since he got married. 衔接教材149页练习 用for或since填空。,现在完成时的特殊提示词,in/during the last/ past few years 在过去几年 In the past 10 years, the price of house has increased a lot. so far 迄今为止，到目前为止 So far, I have read 10 English novels.,1.我已经完成我的家庭作业了。 I have already finished my homework. 2.他曾经去过北京吗？ Has he ever been to Beijing? 3.他从未去过北京。 He has never been to Beijing. 4.我刚完成我的家庭作业。 I have just finished my homework.,4. have been to，have gone to的用法区别： have been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在该地。 have gone to则表示“已经去某地了”，说话时不在说话地点，或在去某地的途中，或已到了某地，总之现在还未回来。 He has been to Shanghai. 他去过上海。(他已不在上海了。) He has gone to Shanghai. 他到上海去了。(他可能在去上海的路上，或已到上海，现在不在这里。),衔接教材143页练习 用have been to和have gone to填空。,6.现在完成时与一般过去时的区别： I have seen the film. 我看过这部电影。(我了解这部电影的内容。) I saw the film last week. 我上星期看了这部电影。(只说明看了这部电影，不涉及现在的情况。) He has lived here since 1998. 1998年以来他一直住在这里。(他现在还住在这里。) He lived here in 1998. 1998年他住在这里。(不涉及现在他是否还住在这里。),1. I _ (finish) cleaning my bedroom. Its clean now. 2.Hello! Can I speak to Mr. White? Sorry, he isnt here right now. He _ (go) to London. 3.My brother left school in 2005, and since then he _ (live) in Beijing. 4.Where are you going for your holiday? Well, we _ (decide) yet. 5.Joe，my close friend，moved to Beijing years ago，and I _(not see) him since then.,Practice,have finished,has gone,has lived,havent decided,havent seen,6. The government _ (take) action to prevent air pollution already. 7. The Summer Palace is wonderful. Have you ever visited any other interesting places? Yes. Also, we _ (be) to the Great Wall. 8.How long have you _ (had, bought) the motorbike? For about two weeks. 9.Mom, I _ (finish) my homework. Can I watch TV now?,has taken,had,have been,have finished,Homework,1.我曾经去过成都。 I have been to Chengdu. 2.他已经读了10本英文书。 He has already read 10 English books. 3.她还没完成她的作业。 She hasnt finished her homework yet. 4.我们学英语超过三年了。 We have learned English for more than 3 years. 5.自从他来到中国，他已经游览了许多中国的城市。 Since he came to China, he has visited many Chinese cities.,过去完成时 The Past Perfect Tense,1. Before I went to bed, I had finished my homework. 2. After I had finished my homework, I went to bed. 3. I realized that I had left my key in my office. 4. When I got to the bus stop, the bus had left. 5. When I got to the cinema, the film had been on for 10 minutes.,Translate and summarize,过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”，由“助动词had过去分词”构成。表示过去某个时间可用by, before等构成的短语，也可用when, before, by the time等引导的从句或者通过上下文表示。 I had finished my homework before I went to bed. 我在睡觉前完成了我的家庭作业。 By the time I got to the bus stop, the bus had left. 当我到达公交站台时，公交车已经离开了。,过去完成时,1.by+过去时间 “到时为止” By yesterday, they hadnt finished the work. 2.by the end of +过去时间 “在结束/末之前” By the end of last month, we had learned over 2 thousand words. 3.by the time+一般过去时 “到时”=when By the time I got to the cinema, the film had been on for 10 minutes.,过去完成时的特殊提示词,过去完成时与when, before, after等引导的时间状语从句连用，强调动作发生的先后时间。 When she got home, her son had slept. Before he arrived here, the film had already started. After I had finished my homework, I went to bed.,过去完成时常用于宾语从句中 He said that he had finished his work. I realized that I had left my key in the office. 体现在上下文中 I didnt go to the movie because I had seen it twice. I met Tom in the street yesterday. We hadnt seen each other for two years.,Practice,1. I went to Toms house but he (go) out. 2. When I (arrive) at the station, Jim (wait) for half an hour. 3. After he (finish) his work, he went home. 4. The boy ran away after he (break) the window. 5. By the time she arrived home, her two children (sleep).,had gone,arrived,had waited,had finished,had broken,had slept,1. The film has