国际货物买卖合同的成立.ppt

第二节国际货物买卖合同的成立,一、国际货物买卖合同成立的一般规则 (一）offer 1、发价的含义 A proposal for concluding a contract addressed to one or more specific persons constitutes an offer if it is sufficiently definite and indicates the intention of the offeror to be bound in case of acceptance.,A proposal is sufficiently definite if it indicates the goods and expressly or implicitly fixes or makes provision for determining the quantity and the price,2、发价生效的时间 An offer becomes effective when it reaches the offeree. 3、发价的撤回(withdrawal) An offer,even if it is irrevocable,may be withdrawn if the withdrawal reaches the offeree before or at the same time as the offer,4、发价的撤销(revocability) Until a contract is concluded an offer may be revoked if the revocation reaches the offeree before he has dispatched an acceptance Howerver,an offer cannot be revoked: (a)if it indicates,whether by stating a fixed time for acceptance or otherwise,that it is irrevocable;or (b)if it was reasonable for the offeree to rely on the offer as being irrevocable and the offeree has acted in reliance on the offer,香港甲商行于10月20日来电向上海乙公司发盘出售一批木材。发盘中列明各项交易条件，但未规定有效期限。乙公司于当天收到来电，经研究决定后，于22日上午11时向上海电报局交发对上述发盘表示接受的电报，该电报于22日下午1时送达香港甲商行。此期间，因木材价格上涨，香港甲商行于10月22日上午9时15分向香港电报局交发电报，电文如下：由于木材价格上涨，我商行于10月20日电发盘撤销。甲商行的电报于22日上午11时20分送达乙公司。问：香港甲商行能否撤销其发盘？双方的合同是否成立？,5、发价的终止或失效 An offer, even if it is irrevocable,is terminated when a rejection reaches the offeror 1)be rejected 2)materially alter the terms the offer(counter offer) 3)be withdrawn or revoked by the offeror 4)lapse of time,中国甲公司于5月9日发商务电传至加拿大乙公司，该电传称：“可供白糖1500公吨，每公吨500美元，CFR温哥华，10月装船，不可撤消信用证付款，本月内答复有效”乙公司于6月9日回电：“你方5月9日报盘我接受，除提供通常单据外，需提供卫生检验证明”。甲公司未予答复。 1、甲乙公司之间的合同成立否？ 2、假如乙公司在5月29日回电，合同成立否？,(二)、接受（acceptance） 1、含义 A statement made by or other conduct of the offeree indicating assent to an offer is an acceptance.Silence or inactivity does not in itself amount to acceptance,注意：以行为表示须是积极的作为，不作为不构成承诺。 如甲向乙发出一项要约，并在要约中注明，“未在3日内表示反对，则认为同意我方条件”,2、接受生效的时间 (1)An acceptance of an offer becomes effective at the moment the indication of assent reaches the offeror. (2)The offeree may indicate assent by performing an act,such as the dispatch of the goods or payment of the price,without notice to the offeror,the acceptance is effective at the moment the act is performed “Reaches”place of business or maling address or habitual residence,3、对发价内容作了变更的接受的效力(CISG.19) A reply to an offer which purports to be an acceptance but contains additions,limitations or other modifications is a rejection of the offer and constitutes a counter-offer,(1)additional or different terms which do not materially alter the terms of the offer constitutes an acceptance,unless the offeror,without undue delay ,objects orally to the discrepancy or dispatches a notice (2)materially alter the terms the offerthe price,quality and quantity of the goods,place and time of delivery,extent of one partys liability to the other or the settlement of disputes,我A公司向印度B公司发出传真：“购政府一级天麻200吨，每吨250美元CIF上海，2000年5月1日至10日装船”。B公司回电称：“接受你方条件，2000年6月装船”，。依公约的规定，B公司的回电能否构成接受？,4、逾期接受（late acceptance） (1)A late acceptance is nevertheless effective as an acceptance if without delay the offeror orally so informs the offeree or dispatches a notice to that effect (2) If its transmission had been normal it would have reached the offeror in due time,the late acceptance is effective as an acceptance,unless,without delay,the offeror orally informs the offeree that he considers his offer as having lapsed or dispatches a notice to that effect,（1）逾期承诺原则上无效要约人及时通知有效承诺仍有效，合同成立时间以承诺生效时间为准 （2）期内承诺，期外到达原则上有效要约人及时通知无效承诺无效,甲国A公司于2001年10月2日向乙国B公司以平信的方式发出一拟出售羊毛的要约，该要约载明有效期为10日，要约于10月5日到达B公司。B公司于10月7日将载明承诺的信件以快件方式发出，正常情况两日应当送达，但该快件与10月13日才送达