高一（上）必修一 Unit 5 Reading.ppt

Unit 5 Nelson Mandela a modern hero Reading,必修一,Most great people are also famous people, but famous people may not be great people. A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to help others. Read the information about these six men. Discuss if they were/are great men. Give reasons.,Pre-reading,William Tyndale believed that the Bible should be able to be read by everyone. He wrote the Bible in English. He died for his ideas but his work was later used in the Bible.,Norman Bethune was a Canadian and also a communist. He had a very strong feeling against injustice. He fought against the German Nazis and Japanese invaders during World War II, and saved many Chinese soldiers. He died helping the Chinese army as a doctor.,Sun Yat-sen founded the first Republic in China in 1911 after many years fighting. He strongly believed in the three principles: nationalism; peoples rights; peoples livelihood.,Mahatma Gandhi gave up a rich life for his ideas and fought for his country to be free from the UK in a peaceful way.,Nelson Mandela fought for the black people and was in prison for thirty years. He helped the black people to get the same rights as white people.,Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon. He was a pilot in the American Air Force and later joined the astronaut programme. He was chosen to be the first man to walk on the moon.,Which of them do you think are great persons? Famous persons? Whats the difference between famous person and great person?,A famous person may be well-known but if he hasnt gone through struggles and difficulties for their noble cause, he or she cant be called a great person. A great person is one who has followed his/her ideas and sacrificed something so that they could be realized.,ELIAS STORY,Reading,Elias Story,Elias: a poor black worker in South Africa. The text tells us about his life and what he did with Nelson Mandela to fight for black people.,How many parts can the text be divided into? Give the general idea of each part.,Part 2 (para 3-5) The change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela did.,Part 1 (para 1-2),The life of Elias before he met Nelson Mandela.,Fast reading,The life of Elias,he was born,he began school,he left school,he met Nelson Mandela,he helped Mandela blow up some government buildings,Paragraph 1:,1. How old was Elias when he first met Mandela? 2. What was Mandela at that time? 3.What did Mandela do to help black people?,He was twelve.,He was a lawyer.,He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.,Paragraph 2:,1. When did Elias begin school? 2. Why did Elias have to leave school? 3. Why didnt Elias have a passbook?,He began school at six.,Because his family couldnt continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare.,Because he wasnt born there.,Paragraph 3:,How did Mandela help Elias?,Mandela told Elias how to get the correct papers so he could stay in Johannesburg.,Paragraph 4:,What was the situation of black people at that time?,They couldnt vote or choose their leaders. They couldnt get the jobs they wanted. They were sent to live in the poorest parts of South Africa.,Paragraph 5:,Because he wanted to realize their dream of making black and white people equal.,Why did Elias support violence when he did not agree with it?,Elias went to see Nelson Mandela when he was in trouble. 2. Elias left school because the school was too far from his home. 3. Nelson Mandela helped him keep his job. 4. Elias met Nelson Mandela at school.,T,F,True or False,T,F,Careful Reading,5. Elias was unable to read or write because he was lazy. 6. Nelson was a black lawyer. 7. Nelson thought violence was a good way to help black people. 8. Nelson believed that black people were being treated as well as white people in South Africa.,F,F,F,T,9. Elias trusted Nelson Mandela and he joined the ANC Youth League. 10. Elias was willing to blow up government buildings. 11. Nelson Mandela thought violence was a good way to help black people.,T,F,F,12. The government were happy with Nelson and the ANC. 13. Totally, Elias was happy blowing up government buildings.,F,F,What disadvantages did Elias have in finding a job? He was a black person, poor education; no permit to live in Johannesburg.,More intensive questions :,2. According to the text, what was the situation for black people in South Africa? Black people had no _. They couldnt get _ they wanted. They were sent to the _ areas where _ could grow food.,vote,jobs,poorest,no one,3. Why did Elias visit Nelson Mandela?,Because he needed legal help. He was not allowed to work without a passbook.,4. What did Mandela do to help black people?,Mandela helped black people by offering guidance to them on legal problem.,6. How did he support Mandela?,He joined _. He helped Mandela _ some government buildings.,the ANC Youth League,blow up,5. Why did Elias support Nelson Mandela?,Mandela told him _ the correct papers so that he could keep his job.,how to get,Elias felt angry about the unfair situation black people faced. He tells us in the story that black people could not choose where to live, his job or his homeland outside the city.,7. What was Elias attitude towards the unfair situation black people faced? How do you know?,Nelson Mandela turned to violence because he felt there was no other way of changing this unfair situation.,8. Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?,9. Is it fair to treat others badly for things they cannot change, like the color of skin or eyes or the race one belongs to? Give a reason. No, because there is nothing one can do to change or improve the situation. 10. What do we call it when some people are badly treated because of their race and others not?,Racialism.,1940: Elias was born. 1942: Elias was a two years old baby. 1944: Elias was four years old. 1946: Elias began school.,Time zone: please find out what happened in Elias life in the following years?,1948: Elias left school. 1950: Nelson Mandela opened his law firm. 1952: Elias was 12 and met Mandela. 1954: Elias was fourteen and encouraged by Mandela.,Keys to excises 4 on page 35.,Over the last thirty years, many laws have been passed. These laws have taken away our rights. They have stopped us from developing a better life. Now we have very few of these rights left.,2. We were pushed into a very difficult situation where we had two choices. One is to give up our rights and accept all the unfair laws, the other is to fight against the government for our rights. We decided to fight against the laws. At first, we fought the law in a peaceful way, when this was not allowedwe had no choice but to use violence because the government were violent to us.,1. The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life. 我第一次遇见纳尔逊曼德拉时, 正是 我一生中非常困难的时期。 1)period 期间, 时期, 学校的一节课, 周期 Lets finish this period and have a break. a period of rotation 自转周期,Language Points,2) the time when when 引导定语从句 This was a time when you had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg. Do you still remember the time when we first met? the time 可用于引导时间状语从句, 这时一般不加when。 I recognized him the time I saw him.,2. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. advice n. advise v. a piece of advice 一条建议 give sb. advice on关于给某人建议 1) advise sb. on sth. 就给某人出主意 I have advised you on that subject.,2) advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人干 Our monitor advises me to practice more spoken English. 3) advise that +(should) do I advise that you (should) not eat fruit that isnt ripe.,3. and I worried about whether I would become out of work. 1) worry vi. 担心, 忧虑 be worried about=worry about /over She worries about her health. = She is worried about her health. worry that He worried that he would fail the exam. 他担心考试不及格。,It worries me that she spends so much time playing computer games. 她花费这么多时间打游戏使我担心。 不要发愁。Dont worry yourself.,worry vt. 使担心/烦恼/焦急,worry sb. that 使某人担心 worry sb/oneself 使某人/自己担心,Whats worrying you ?,Im worried _ her driving the car tonight on the wet road. A. of B. about C. on D. at His dangerous driving always _ me. A. worry about B. worries about C. worried about D. worries,B,D,2) out of work 失业 (做表语或后置定语) Jim has been out of work for months. The number of people out of work reached 300. His mother has been out of work for half a year. in work 有工作 Is her husband in work? out of 意为“在之外”，“向外”; 表示失去，没有，用完；不再处于某种 状况。反义词为into或in。,out of breath out of patience out of petrol out of use out of order out of control out of danger out of sight out of fashion out of date out of repair out of sight, out of mind.,上气不接下气 不耐烦 汽油用完了 没用了 出故障了 失控了 脱离危险了 看不见了 不时兴 过时 无法修葺 眼不见, 心不烦,4. The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all. 过去三十年里出现了大量的法律来剥夺 我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，直到今 天我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。,see 在此句意为“见证，目睹”; (在某段时期)发生(某情况), 经历, 经受; 为某事发生之时, 主语为时间。 The last few months has seen more and more traffic accidents. The city has seen many changes.,S subject 主语 P predicate 谓语 O object 宾语 Att attribute 定语 Adv adverbial 状语 Com complement 补语 Pre predicative 表语 C clause 从句,Short forms 缩略语,We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.,Difficult sentences analysis,S.,Att C.,P.,O.,我们到了一个完全没有权利的阶段。,5. vote (1) n. 投票, 选票 I gave my vote to Mr. Wang. 我投王先生的票。 The matter will be decided by vote. 此事将投票决定。 (2) v. 投票; 选举 vote for sb/sth 投票支持 vote against sb./sth 投票反对 vote on sb./sth 针对进行投票表决 As we cant agree on this matter, lets vote on it. 由于我们对此事没能达成一致，让我们投票 表决吧。,6. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people 他们在城里的住宅区都是由白人决定的。,they had to live in 作定语饰the parts of town。 被困在楼里的人们 the people trapped in the building = the people who were trapped in the building,过去分词作定语修饰people,定语从句作定语修饰people,7. We were put in a position in which we had either to accept we were less important, or fight the government. 我们被置于这样一个境地：要么我们被迫接受 低人一等的现实，要么跟政府作斗争。 1) in which引导定语从句，相当于where， 但意义更准确。如： After three hours ride, we came to the house in which he was born. 乘车3个小时后我们来到了他出生的那所房子。 Think of a place to which we can go for dinner. 想一个我们可以去吃饭的地方。,2) accept “接受”，指的是主观上接受了。 receive “收到”，指客观收到但不一定接受。,我接受了他的邀请去参加晚会。 I accepted his invitation to the party 我收到了他的邀请，但我没有接受。 I received his invitation, but I didnt accept.,3) either. or.,(两者之中)或(之一),You may stay either in a hotel or in a private house. I want to visit either Paris or London. Either you or I am wrong. Either of the boys likes singing. Either boy likes singing.,8. attack n./v. make an attack on/against/upon 攻击 /袭击/ 抨击 under attack 遭到袭击 / 抨击 a heart attack 心脏病突发 He made an attack on the governments actions. The governments actions were under attack. The death of the actor is due to a heart attack. The enemy attacked us at night.,9. only then did we decide to answer violence with violence. 只是在那时我们才决定以暴力对付暴力。 only then 此处引起倒装句, 当only修饰状语 位于句首时, 句子采用部分倒装的结构。 Only by practicing a few hours every day will you be able to master English. You can leave only when he comes. = _ _ he comes _ you leave.,Only when can,只有在那时候, 我才知道自己错了。 Only then did I realize that I was wrong 只有用这种办法你才能解决这个问题。 Only in this way can you solve the problem. 只有当他回来时我们才能知道秘密。 Only when he came back did we know the secret,注意1: 主句倒装从句不倒装。 注意2: Only主语在句首时, 不用倒装 Only he knows the answer.,注意: 如果only所强调的为状语从句, 该状语从句不倒装, 只对主句进行倒装。 e.g. Only then did I realize the important of English. Only when a child grows up does he understand his parents intentions. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.,10. As a matter of fact, I do not like violencebut in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings. 事实上我不喜欢暴力但在1963年 我帮他炸了一些政府大楼。 1) as a matter of fact = in fact As a matter of fact, I dont know the truth.,No I dont work. _, Ive never had a job. -Have you always lived here? -_(= The truth is) Ive only lived here for the last three years.,In fact,As a matter of fact,2) blow (sb. / sth.) up (destroy) 使充气, 爆炸, 炸毁 They threatened to _ the plane if their demands were not met. He drove over a landmine and his jeep _.,blow up,blown up,11. But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. 但是, 我乐于帮忙, 因为我知道, 这是为了 帮助实现我们的黑人和白人平等的梦想。 equal adj. 相等的; 平等的 equally adv. Everyone is equal under the law. 法律面前人人平等。,be equal to 等于, 相当于；能胜任 One li is equal to half a kilometre. 一华里等于半公里。 Im not equal to the job. Women demand e_ pay for equal work. All men are born e_. Im not e_ to the position. (=Im not fit for the