英语五大基本句型上课课件.ppt

五大基本句型,句型一：主语+不及物动词,这类句型的特点：谓语动词可以表达完整意思。后面可以接副词，介词短语，状语，状语从句等。 e.g. The rain stopped. The old man walks in the park. The machine works smoothly. They stopped to take a short rest . He is crying. They talked for 5 hours. Time flies.,句型二：主语+系动词+表语,此类句子的谓语动词不能单独表达完整意思，必须加上表明主语身份或状态的表语，才能使句子表达完整意思。 e.g. My sister is a nurse . I feel quite hungry . 表达状态的连系动词：be; look; seem; appear; smell; taste; sound; keep; remain;stay 表达转变或结果的系动词：become;get; grow; turn; go; come; prove,This is my book. The food smells good. He seems happy. Everyhing looks different. The weather became hotter. Her fave turned red.,句型三：主语+及物动词+宾语,特点：谓语动词都有实际意义，都是主语发出的动作。但是没有完整意义，必须加上一个宾语作为动作承受者。 e.g. We are learning English. Who knows the answer? He cooks dinner everyday. Danny likes basketball shoes very much.,句型三：主语+及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语,特点：谓语动词需要有两个宾语才能完整表达句子的意思。 e.g. Her mother bought her a skirt. Give me the book, please. 通常是间接宾语（人）在前，直接宾语（物）在后，有时直接宾语和间接宾语可以对调，这时间接宾语前应加上适当的介词。 e.g. Her mother bought a skirt for her . Give the book to me , please .,直接宾语与间接宾语对调时，间接宾语前加介词to的动词有： give(给), tell(告诉) , lend(借给) , sell(卖), teach(教) , send(寄给), write(写给), show(出示) , return(还给), bring(带给), pass(递给), leave(留给), offer(提供), hand(交给) 间接宾语前加介词for的动词有： buy(买), choose(选择), get (弄到), make(做), order(订购), sing (唱歌), do (做), play(演奏),此句型变为被动语态时，可分为两种情况。 Her mother bought her a skirt . a. She was bought a skirt by her mother . b. A skirt was bought for her by her mother.,句型五：主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,及物动词本身需要一个宾语外，还需要一个名词，形容词，副词, 动词不定式，分词来补充说明宾语，才能表达一个完整的意念。 The news made us sad. The teacher asked me to answer the question . I found the man stealing the money . I found my money stolen .,现在分词为宾语补足语时，宾语与现在分词之间是主动关系；过去分词为宾语补足语时,宾语与过去分词之间是被动关系。 He kept the car waiting at the gate. I havent heard a song sung in English. I found my key stolen. 在let(让)，make(使得)，have（请，让，使得），see(看)，hear(听到)，watch(观看)，feel(感觉到)，listen to (倾听)，look at (看到)，notice(注意到)等动词后的宾语补足语如果为不定式，则省掉”to”,但变为被动语态时， 则要带”to” e.g. We hear her sing next door. She is heard to sing next door .