英语语法包括两大部分.ppt

English Grammar,Chapter One Introduction,I Content of Grammar II Parts of Speech III The Phrase IV Sentence Elements,英语语法包括两大部分： 一部分叫词法 Morphology 另一部分叫句法 Syntax,词(The Word)是语言中能表达一定意义又能自由运用的最小单位 词素(Morpheme)是语言中最小的语意单位，但不能独立使用,名词-the Noun / n. 动词-the Verb / v. 代词-the Pronoun / pron. 数词-the Numeral / num 形容词-the Adjective / adj. / a. 副词 the Adverb /adv. /ad.,冠词-the Article / art. 介词 the preposition / prep. 连词 the Conjunction / conj. 感叹词-the Interjection / interj. / int.,Parts of Speech 实词notional words 虚词form words 小品词the particle 限定词 the determiner,Classification of phrases (1),1 名词短语 Noun Phrase 2 代词短语 Pronoun Phrase 3 动词短语 Verb Phrase 4 形容词短语 Adjective Phrase,Classification of phrases (2),5 副词短语 Adverbial Phrase 6 介词短语 Prepositional Phrase 7 连词短语 Conjunctional Phrase,Classification of phrases (3),8 数词短语 Numeral Phrase 9 分词短语 Participial Phrase 10 动名词短语 Gerundial Phrase 11 不定式短语 Infinitive Phrase,The Sentence,由词或短语构成的能够表达一个比较完整意思的语言单位，叫做句子(The Sentence)。,构成句子的词和短语，根据它们在句中的作用可分为若干句子成分。(Members of the Sentence / Sentence Elements)。,主语The Subject S. 谓语The Predicate / V. 宾语The Object / O. 定语The Attribute / At. (Ad.) 状语The Adverbial / Modifier 补语The Complement / C. 表语The Predicative / P.,Object of the verb Object of the preposition Double Object = Indirect Object + Direct Object Complex Object = Object +Object Complement, Object Complement Eg: make our country richer elect him our monitor let us go home Subject Complement Eg: He was found dead in the morning.,词类与句子成分的关系,1 n. /pron. /num. S. 2 v. V. 3 n. /pron. /num. O. 4 adj. /n. /v. C.,词类与句子成分的关系,5 n. /pron. /adj. /adv. P. 6 adj. /n. /pron. /num. /adv. At. 7 adv. Ad.,An orange is orange. Spring is here and we are busy with spring ploughing. There is a hot s