电气-201509课件5科技论文的格式公式读法电力系统单词.ppt

Vocabulary 5 Electric Power Systems,1. 电力系统 power system automation Electric power systems refer to the components that transform other types of energy into electrical energy and transmit this energy to a consumer. Modern power systems all have the same basic characteristics: (1) are comprised of three-phase AC systems operating essentially at constant voltage. (2) use synchronous machines for generation of electricity. (3) transmit power over significant distances to consumers spread over a wide area.,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,电力系统自动化,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,输电系统,联络线,输电变电站,小型电厂,发电厂,主干电力系统,次级输电系统和配电系统,配电变电站,三相一级馈电线,单相二级馈电线,A modern electric power system consists of the power station, a set of transformers, the substations, the transmission network, and the switching devices. 2. 电站 电厂 hydro power station / hydropower plant fossil-fired power plant nuclear power plant The power station of a power system consists of a prime mover, such as a turbine driven by water, steam, or combustion gases that operate a system of electric motors and generators.,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,火电厂,水力发电站,核电厂,3. n. 变电所，变电站，分站，分所 At the substations the power is stepped down to the voltage on the distribution lines. distribution substation substation load transfer 4. 主干输电系统 次级输电系统 配电系统 It is common practice to classify the transmission network into the following subsystems: transmission system, subtransmission system, and distribution system. distribution cabinet/box distribution substation,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,配电变电站,变电站负荷转移,配电柜/箱,配电站,n. 母线 n. 母排/线 double bus connection main and transfer busbar n. 馈线，馈电电路 incoming feeder outgoing feeder n. 电缆； v.架设/敷设电缆 underground cable * overhead line/wire * cable trench/duct/channel 电缆沟 pole n. 电线杆 * power transmission tower 输电塔 n. 绝缘子 n. 绝缘 insulator string porcelain insulator,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,双母线接线,单母线带旁路,地下电缆，直埋电缆,架空线,绝缘子串,陶瓷绝缘子,进线,出线,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,faults taking place on the transmission line,3-F fault (LLL fault) or 3-F to ground fault (LLLG fault),double line to ground (LLG) fault,line to line (LL) fault,single line to ground (LG) line,faults in synchronous machines,internal faults within the enerator,abnormal operating and/or abnormal system conditions caused by external faults,stator faults,rotor faults,loss of synchronism,overspeed,motoring,underspeed,loss of excitation,overvoltage,stator overheating,external faults,三相故障或三相接地短路故障,相间短路故障,5. n. 故障,6. n. 触点 n.接触器 N.C. contact normally closed contact N.O. contact normally open contact vacuum contactor 断路器,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,真空接触器,常闭触点,常开触点,circuit breakers,(arc-quenching principles),air switches,oil circuit breakers,minimum-oil circuit breakers,air-blast circuit breakers,the magnetic air circuit breakers,SF6 circuit breakers,vacuum circuit breakers,空气开关,多油断路器,少油断路器,压缩空气断路器,磁吹断断路器,真空断路器,六氟化硫断路器,n. 继电器,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,protective relays,overcurrent relays,undervoltage relays,underfrequency relays,directional relays,thermal relays,phase sequence relays,differential relays,distance relays,pilot relays,过流继电器,欠压继电器,低频继电器,方向继电器,保护继电器,热继电器,相序继电器,差动继电器,距离继电器,控制继电器,relay protection time relay intermediate relay relay coil / contact n. 互锁设备 n. 联动跳闸 trip circuit/coil sequential tripping n. 重合闸 n. 自动重合闸装置 n. 隔离开关 刀闸，刀开关 n.保险（丝），熔断器 v.熔化，熔断 plug-in type fuse drop-out type fuse,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,继电保护,时间继电器,中间继电器,插入式熔断器,跌落式熔断器,跳闸电路/线圈,顺序跳闸,继电器线圈（触点）,7. n.电抗器 shunt reactor 8. 有功功率 无功功率 active power balance reactive power compensation active / reactive load active / reactive loss 9. n.接地 grounding / earthing device grounding capacitance ground connection earth electrode,Electric Power Systems,Vocabulary 5:,无功补偿,对地电容,接地连接,并联电抗器,有功/无功负载,有功/无功损耗,有功功率平衡,接地极,接地装置,翻译技巧（4） Translation Skills (4),翻译技巧（4）：被动句、否定句与复杂长句的翻译,专业英语翻译的过程：,表达阶段,校核阶段,理解阶段,词性转换,用词增省,确定词义,被动句翻译,否定句翻译,复杂长句翻译,1. 被动句的翻译 P107-108,P113,2. 否定句的翻译 P117-118,P121-122,3. 复杂长句的翻译 P48-49,句子翻译技巧,英语科技论文翻译 Translation of English Science Papers,特点： （1）多用一般现在时； （2）多用被动句； （3）修饰成分、并列成分多，常出现复杂长句； 翻译时注意： （1）常用“本文”作主语； （2）英文中的多句，译为中文的一个长句；,2. 英语期刊论文的翻译,1. 英语科技论文结构,教材P156-157,例【引自Electric Power Systems Research 35 (1995)】 Based on deeply research for the intelligent functions of the pressure sensor, the sensors intelligent software with better quality is designed. Some intelligent characteristics, such as automatic gain control, temperature compensation, automatic calibration, digital communication by bus, etc., have been realized, which makes the sensor have higher level of intelligence.,2. 英语期刊论文的翻译,Based on deeply research for the intelligent functions of the pressure sensor, the sensors intelligent software with better quality is designed. 本文在对压力传感器的智能化功能深入研究的基础上，设计了较完善的智能化软件。,2. 英语期刊论文的翻译,具有良好质量的智能化传感器软件被设计了,本文设计了较完善的智能化传感器软件,在对压力传感器的智能化功能深入研究的基础上,Some intelligent characteristics, such as automatic gain control, temperature compensation, automatic calibration, digital communication by bus, etc., have been realized, which makes the sensor have higher level of intelligence. 本文实现了自动增益控制、温度补偿、自动校准、总线数字通讯等多种智能化特性，使传感器具有较高的智能化水平,2. 英语期刊论文的翻译,多种智能化特性得到了实现,自动增益控制、温度补偿、 自动校准、总线数字通讯等,这使得传感器具有较高的 智能化水平,例【引自Electric Power Systems Research 35 (1995)】 Based on deeply research for the intelligent functions of the pressure sensor, the sensors intelligent software with better quality is designed. Some intelligent characteristics, such as automatic gain control, temperature compensation, automatic calibration, digital communication by bus, etc., have been realized, which makes the sensor have higher level of intelligence.,2. 英语期刊论文的翻译,本文在对压力传感器的智能化功能深入研究的基础上，设计了较完善的智能化软件。,本文实现了自动增益控制、温度补偿、自动校准、总线数字通讯等多种智能化特性，使传感器具有较高的智能化水平。,本文在对压力传感器智能化功能深入研究的基础上，设计了较完善的智能化软件，实现了自动增益控制、温度补偿、自动校准、总线数字通讯等多种智能化特性，使传感器具有较高的智能化水平。,符号、公式读法 Pronunciation of Symbols and Mathematical Equations,1. fractions a/b ab/cd 1/n 1/2 3/4 112/303 5 2/5 2. suffices, powers, roots x x x x,3. 公式与符号的英语读法,a over b a times b over c times d one nth / one over n one half/one-half/a half three quarters/three-quarters a one hundred (and) twelve over three hundred (and) three five (and) two-fifths minus negative x x prime x bar x hat/ x wedge,x sub i x super i x to (the) half power/ the square root of x the cube root of x the nth root of x x squared / x (raised) to the power 2 x cubed x to the fourth (power) / x to the power four x to the nth / x to the power n x to the (power) minus n n factorial / factorial n mod x / modulus x / absolute value of x,3. 公式与符号的英语读法,xi xi x1/2 x1/3 x1/n x2 x3 x4 xn xn n! |x|,3. addition, subtraction, multiplication, division x + 1 x 1 x 1 xy x/y 15 1+3+5+ x(y+z) xy+(z-w)/2 xy,3. 公式与符号的英语读法,x plus one x minus one x plus or minus one x times y / x multiplied by y x over y one to five one plus three plus five dot dot dot x times the sum of y plus z / x open parenthesis y plus z close parenthesis one half times open brace x open bracket y plus open parenthesis z minus w close parenthesis close bracket close brace x prime times y double prime/ x prime times y second prime,4. equations x = 5 x y x y x y x y x y 3x + 2x = 5x y = 5x2 + 2x + 4,3. 公式与符号的英语读法,x equals 5 / x is equal to 5 x is equivalent to (or identical with) y x is greater than y x is greater than or equal to y x is less than y x is less than or equal to y Three x plus two x equals five x. y equals minus negative five x squared plus two x plus four.,(x + y)2 (x/y)2,x plus y all squared x over y all squared,5. Logic p q p q,3. 公式与符号的英语读法,there exists for all p implies q / if p, then q p if and only if q / p is equivalent to q / p and q are equivalent,(x + y)2 = x2 + 2xy + y2 (x + y)(x y) = x2 y2,The quantity x plus y squared is x squared plus two xy plus y squared./ Open parenthesis x plus y close parenthesis squared is x squared plus two xy plus y squared. The quantity x plus y times the quantity x minus y equals x squared minus y squa