英国文学史期末复习重点总结.ppt

English Literature,Review,Types of questions,. Choose from the given choices the correct one. (2X15=30) . Define the following terms. (10X3=30) . III. Answer one of the following questions. (20X1=20) . Write no less than 100 words on one of the following topics in English. (20 X1=20),What weve learned?,The Anglo-Saxon Period The Anglo-Norman Period The 14th century The Renaissance The 17th century The 18th century The 19th century The 20th century,Beowulf Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,Geoffrey Chaucer,William Shakespeare,4 Johns: John Milton & John Bunyan,Neo-classicism; Realistic Novel; Sentimentalism，Pre-romanticism,Romanticism; Critical Realism,Stream of Consciousness,Anglo-Saxon 449-1066,Three pagan Angles, Saxons, and Jutes, from Denmark and northern Germany came around 450-600 AD Englands natinal epic: The song of Beowulf Alliteration is a device with certain accented words in a line beginning with the same consonant sound. p3,Anglo-Norman Period,1066, The Norman Conquest the battle of Hastings William, Duke of Normandy win P17-18 Metrical Romance: the culmination of the Arthurian romances Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,Geoffrey Chaucer,The Middle Class Author “Father of English poetry”: Chaucer introduced from France the rhymed stanzas-heroic couplet. heroic couplet: is a rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter. Forerunner of English Renaissance and humanism The founder of English realism/ The first realistic writer first to be buried in the Poets Corner of Westminster Abbey The Canterbury Tales p43-45,English Renaissance,Poet: Thomas Wyatt, Edmund Spenser Thomas Wyatt was the first to introduce the sonnet into English literature. Edmund Spenser: (epic) The Fairy Queen Essayist: Francis Bacon Playwright: Christopher Marlowe William Shakespeare Christopher Marlowe is the greatest o the pioneers of English drama. He makes blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.f P67-68,(1520s-1620s) P67,The Renaissance and humanism,was an intellectual movement. It sprang from first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. Two features are striking. The one is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature of the Greek and Latin. Another feature is the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Humanism is the key-note of the Renaissance.,Blank verse is a verse with unrhymed (rhymeless) iambic pentameter. Sonnet is a fourteen-line poem in iambic pentameter with a carefully patterned rhyme scheme.,William Shakespeare,Great comedies: ? Great tragedies: ? p71-72 Sonnet 18 p118,Great comedies: A Midsummer Nights Dream The Merchant of Venice As You Like It Twelfth Night Portias characteristics Shylocks characteristics Theme,Hamlet,Great tragedies: Hamlet Othello King Lear The Tragedy of Macbeth The image of Hamlet The Melancholy of Hamlet,The 17th century,The Period of Revolution： the Glorious Revolution in 1688 P130-131 Metaphysical poet: John Donne; John Milton John Bunyan John Dryden,John Donne and the Metaphysical Poets,Metaphysical School: They are a school of poets at the beginning of the 17th century, with John Donne as the founder. Their works are generally characterized by mysticism and obscurity in content and fantasticality and conceit in form. They are known for their excessive use of philosophy and deliberate show-off of their cleverness and learning.,John Dryden (1631-1700),A poet, playwright and critic The Poet Laureate/ The Laureate He established the heroic couplet as one of the principal English verse forms The forerunner of the English classicism.,Paradise Lost 失乐园 Paradise Regain复乐园 Samson Agonistes力士参孙 Its all based on the story of the Old Testament of the Bible a long epic in 12 books, written in blank verse,John Miltons works,Paradise Lost 失乐园 a long epic in 12 books, written in blank verse Image of Satan Theme,Bunyan The Pilgrims Progress a religious allegory The journey of a man named Christan,The 18th Century : The Age of Enlightenment,the age of reason the age of prose,The Enlightenment,The Enlightenment is a progressive intellectual movement that celebrates reason, equality, science and human ability to perfect themselves and their society.,Literature of the 18th century,It is an age of prose rather than poetry. p166 Literal trends: Neoclassicism: The novel: Sentimentalism: pre-romanticism:,Addison，Steele，Pope,Defoe, Fielding, Smollet, Richardson, Swift,Goldsmith, Sterne, Gray,Blake, Burns,Pope: authority in matters of literary art; made heroic couplet popular in poem writing; master of satire and heroic couplet p167,1. Neo-Classicism,Classicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balance, and order. - control literary creation by fixed law and rules (order, logic, restrained emotions and accuracy) Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally opposed to Romanticism, which is concerned with emotions and personal themes.,2. The 18th century novel p167-168,Daniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe Henry Fielding (real founder) Tom Jones Samuel Richardson: Pamela Jonathan Swift (a master of satire) Gullivers Travels Play: Richard Brinsley Sheridan The school for scandal,The significance (theme) of the novel Robinson Crusoe,Jonathan Swift,works: The Battle of the Books 书的战争 The Tale of a Tub 木桶的故事 Gullivers Travels 格列佛游记 Lilliput Brobdingnag The flying island of Laputa Houyhnhnms,3. Sentimentalism; Pre-romanticism P169,Gothic novel - flourished in the last decades - mystery and terror “novel of horrors” Pre-romanticism (poem) - William Blake - Robert Burns,English Romanticism,begins in 1798 with the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridges The Lyrical Ballads ends in 1832 with Walter Scotts death. The French Revolution and the English Industrial Revolution exert great influence on English Romanticism.,P1-2,Romantic Literature p4,Poetry: Lake poets Romantic poets (Satanic School) essays Charles Lamb novel: Walt Scott Jane Austen,conservative,revolutionary,Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey,Byron, Shelley, and Keats,27 Historical novels,Hazlitt, De Quincey, Hunt p132,General Features of Romanticism,1. An emphasis on subjectivism (feeling, imagination, intuition) 2. A love for nature 3. A belief in individuality and freedom 4. The glorification of the commonplace 5. An interest in the past, the unusual, the unfamiliar, the mysterious, the supernatural(imagination) 6. A feeling of loneliness (dissatisfaction with the reality) Romanticism is a revolt against authority and tradition.,Jane Austen (1775-1817),Pride and Prejudice (1796) Northanger Abbey (1798) 诺桑觉寺 Sense and Sensibility (1811)理智与情感 Emma (1815) 爱玛 Mansfield Park 曼斯菲尔德公园 Persuasion 好事多磨 Different kinds of attitude towards marriage,The 19th century,Victorian period (1832-1902) Chartism p151 Critical Realist Charles Dickens William Makepeace Thackeray Charlotte Bronte Elizabeth Gaskell George Eliot poets: Tennyson, Browning, Swinburne p155 Thomas Hardy,Critical realism,1. Criticize 2. Sympathy 3. humor and satire 4. weakness,William Makepeace Thackeray,1811-1863 A satirical portrayal of the upper strata of society P191 Vanity Fair 名利场,George Eliot p.211,Adam Bede 亚当比德 The Mill on the Floss 弗洛斯河上的磨坊 Silas Marner 织工马南传,Charlotte Bronte,The Professor 教授 Jane Eyre 简爱 Shirley 雪丽 Villette 维洛特,Emily Bronte,1818-1848 Her only novel: Wuthering Heights,The 20th Century,Thomas Hardy D. H. Lawrence Playwrights: Oscar Wilde, “art for arts sake” p374-376 G. B. Shaw Stream of Consciousness novelist: Virginia Woolf James Joyce,The local-colored works are known as “novels of character and environment.” 1891: Tess of the DUrbervilles 德伯家的苔丝 1896: