高考英语《语法填空》复习方案二轮权威课件(广东省专用)：专题五记叙文型语法填空.ppt

返回目录,考情分析,【考纲解读】 语法填空是考查“词法与句法知识”的项目。词法部分侧重考查动词时态及语态、非谓语动词、情态动词、冠词、代词、并列连词、形容词与副词、介词等； 句法部分侧重考查定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、虚拟语气、强调句型、倒装、省略句等。试题本着“突出语境、重在运用、符合表达、体现能力”的原则，强调语法知识在具体语境中的运用，因此掌握一定的文化背景、揣摩说话人的意图成了解决语法填空的关键。,返回目录,考情分析,【命题透视】 以下是广东省近3年高考自主命题语法填空题考点分布情况：,返回目录,题型探究, 探究一 语法型 语法填空主要对所学的语法知识进行考查，既可能是对语法概念理解和运用上的考查，也可能是对语法结构的考查。基本特点就是“先语境后语法”。几乎所有的考题都提供了一个微型语境，让考生根据讲话人所处的语言环境来选择答案。体现了高考试题“活用语法”的命题特点。要求考生对语言的把握要准确、透彻，解题过程中要领会语境中的内涵，因为这种类型题的答案往往隐藏在语境中。,返回目录,题型探究,例1 After school we went to the reading room to do some reading, only to be told that it _ Awas decorated Bhad decorated Chad been decorating Dwas being decorated,解析 D 考查动词的时态与语态。reading room和decorate之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。B和C是主动形式，故排除。题空处暗含一个时间状语：我们去阅览室的那段时间。表示过去某段时间正在进行的被动动作，应用过去进行时的被动语态。,返回目录,题型探究, 探究二 习惯搭配型 习惯搭配题是对中学所学的词或词组的习惯用法和搭配进行考查。在历届高考试题中，既有对一些固定的、不能改变的习惯用语或搭配的考查，也有对一些搭配灵活、可变的词或词组的考查。做这类试题时，应注意固定搭配的结构问题，弄清习惯用语或固定搭配的结构。在答题时，考生要清楚所考的习惯用语或搭配是由哪几个词构成的，每个词的作用以及它们的位置关系等。许多习惯用法和固定搭配所表达的意义是固定不变的，所以只要记住其结构，答题就容易了。,返回目录,题型探究,例2 Li Lei will come to understand your efforts sooner or later. Its just a matter of _ Aluck Bvalue Ctime Dfact,解析 C 考查名词辨析。句意：李雷迟早会理解你付出的努力的。这只是个时间问题。根据句意选C。a matter of是习惯搭配，意为“一个的问题”。,返回目录,题型探究, 探究三 句式结构型 一般来说，英语句式按结构划分，可分为简单句、并列句和复合句； 按语气划分，可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。此外，还有一些特殊句式，如省略句、强调句、there be 句型和独立结构等。要求熟练区分各种句式结构和句式特点。,返回目录,题型探究,例3 Before you quit your job, _ how your family would feel about your decision. Aconsider Bconsidering Cto consider Dconsidered,解析 A 考查特殊句式。虽然干扰项多为非谓语动词，但本句是祈使句，故应用动词原形。,返回目录,应试点睛,1要仔细阅读题干，抓住关键词，捕捉句中隐含信息。题干中的关键词或关键符号具有提示信息的作用，一旦抓住了它，就能掌握选择的依据。几乎每年的高考题在题干设计上都有所创新，所以考生在考试之前应该有相应的心理准备。,返回目录,应试点睛,例4 Theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share. Atradition Bbalance Cconcern Drelationship,解析 A 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们办公室有一个传统，那就是在某一个人过生日时，那个人就带一个蛋糕到办公室和大家一起分享。tradition传统； balance平衡； concern关心； relationship关系。根据句意可知选A。,返回目录,应试点睛,2灵活采用还原法(把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题干变换为陈述句，再选择就容易多了)、归类法(根据句意，把选项分组归类，缩小范围，提高做题的速度和确保准确性)、推理法(根据前后文进行逻辑推理，在四个选项都可填入的情况下，要认真阅读全句，仔细体会其语境，进行综合判断)、排除法(对于难度较大的题要逐个试填，最后，选取最符合语境的选项)等做题方法。,返回目录,应试点睛,例5 I _ sooner but I didnt know that they were waiting for me. Ahad come Bwas coming Cwould come Dwould have come,解析 D 似乎本题与虚拟语气不沾边，但是我们把“but I didnt know that they were waiting for me.”变化一下就成了“if I had known that they were waiting for me.”这样我们就知道，本空是虚拟语气的主句，与过去事实相反。,返回目录,应试点睛,3. 多从交际的角度，即上下文的情景考虑问题，不要单一地局限于某项语法理论。近年来，高考题重视考查学生的语言实践能力，将语法语言知识放置于一定的语言环境中进行考查，这是近年来高考英语改革的一个方向。所以考生在做题的过程中应该树立全局观、整体观，不能顾此失彼，只注意语法知识的正确性而忽略了语境使用中的合理性。,返回目录,应试点睛,例6 If you _ smoke, please go outside. Acan Bshould Cmust Dmay,解析 C 句意：如果你非要吸烟，请到外面去。考查情态动词的用法。can能够；should应该；must非要，偏要；may可以。根据语境可知选C。,返回目录,应试点睛,4. 高考中的单选考点分布相对稳定、集中。英语的时态、语态、非谓语动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、冠词、情态动词出现的频率较高，尤其要引起重视的是动词、动词短语、各种习惯表达法及交际用法。,返回目录,应试点睛,例7 The exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon. Aput down Bput off Cput up Dput away,解析 C 句意：考试结果会在周五的下午被张贴出来。本题考查动词短语用法辨析。A项意为“放下，镇压”，B项意为“推迟，阻止”，C项意为“张贴，举起，建造”，D项意为“收好，储存”。故选C。,返回目录,应试点睛,5. 对于含插入成分的句子，要抓住主干，排除冗余信息。,返回目录,应试点睛,例8 It sounds like something is wrong with the cars engine._， wed better take it to the garage immediately. AOtherwise BIf not CBut for that DIf so,解析 D 句意：听起来好像车的发动机出了问题。如果那样的话，我们最好立即把它送到修理厂。本题考查省略。otherwise在其他方面，否则；if not如果不这样的话，否则； but for that要不是那样的话； if so如果那样的话。根据句意应选D。,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,专 题 导 读,典 例 导 练,新 题 预 测,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,记叙文体裁主要是记人、叙事、写景、状物一类的文章，是常见的文体，在语法填空篇章中，其语言特点有：(1)以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。合理使用丰富多彩的谓语动词时态，文章中所叙述的动作具有层次感和立体感。(2)广泛使用动态动词。这些动词的存在使文章充满“动感”，而这种让往事历历在目的“动感”正是优秀的记叙文所要追求的效果。,返回目录,专 题 导 读,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,典 例 导 练,2013广东卷改编 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在相应位置上。 One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly, he 16._ (find)that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son，“Go to the village and buy some salt，but pay a fair price for it: neither too much 17._ too little.” His son looked surprised.“I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much，Father，but if I can pay less, 18._ not save a bit of money？”,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,典 例 导 练,“That would be a very 19._(reason)thing to do in a big city，but it could destroy a small village like ours，”Nick said. Nicks guests, 20._ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied，“The only reason a man would sell salt 21._ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 22._ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,典 例 导 练,“But such a small thing couldnt 23._ (possible) destroy a village.” “In the beginning, there was only 24._ very small amount of unfairness in the world，but everyone added a little，always 25._ (think) that it was only small and not very important，and look where we have ended up today.”,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,典 例 导 练,【要点综述】 文章通过一个故事向我们揭示了一个道 理：世上的不公平本来没这么明显，正是由于众人的 一点一滴的改变才使得这些不公愈演愈烈。 16found 考查动词的时态。文章讲述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时，也可结合后面从句的时态(过去完成时)来判断。 17nor 考查连词。neithernor为固定搭配。a fair price表示“钱既不能太多，也不能太少”。 18why “why not动词原形”意思是：为什么不？ 19reasonable 考查词形变化。作定语，修饰后面的名词thing，用形容词形式。reasonable 合理的。,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,典 例 导 练,20who 考查关系代词。代替指人的先行词，引导一个非限制性定语从句，用who。 21at 考查介词。at a lower price为固定用法，意思是：以较低的价格。 22for respect for sth意思是：对的尊重。 23possibly 考查词形变换。修饰谓语动词destroy，作状语，用副词形式。 24a 考查冠词的用法。an amount of 意思是：许多，大量。amount 前面有very修饰，用不定冠词a。 25thinking 考查非谓语动词。作谓语动词add的伴随状语，表示主动，用v.ing形式。,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,新 题 预 测,I am a junior in high school. There is a lady at my school 1._ job is to hand out call slips(索书单) and prevent students from leaving the campus 2._ permission. Before today I had never seen her smile. The other day my friends and I were eating in the cafeteria and I saw her walking around. When she came 3._ (close) to us, I could see that she was crying. She pulled out a tissue and quickly wiped her eyes. I thought to myself that this lady was so underappreciated and needed 4._ (recognize) for all her hard work. So I wrote a note telling her that the students appreciated,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,新 题 预 测,everything she did and 5._ her contribution to our school made a difference in all of our lives. I signed it with “Some thankful students” and slipped it into 6._ envelope. Then I realized I didnt even know her name. I asked all of my professors but 7._ knew her name. I finally went to ask the lady at student services and 8._ (tell) that her name is Kathy. I bought her a bouquet of 9._ (colour) sunflowers and tapped the envelope to it. I brought the flowers to the school and left 10._ in her office. She came into my third period shortly afterwards to deliver a call slip, and there it was a smile on her face!,返回目录,专题五 记叙文型语法填空,新 题 预 测,1whose 2.without 3.closer 4.recognizing/to be recognized 5that 6.an 7.nobody 8.was told 9.colourful 10them,返回目录,备用习题,(一) Elevenyearold Angela was stricken with a disease involving her nervous system. The doctors did not hold out much hope of her ever recovering 1._ this illness. They predicted shed spend the rest of her life in a wheelchair. 2._ Angela firmly believed that she was definitely going to be walking again someday. The doctors were charmed by her 3._ (defeatable) spirit. They taught her about imagingabout seeing herself 4._ (walk)Angela would work as hard as possible in physical therapy(治疗), lying there faithfully doing her imaging, visualizing herself moving, moving, moving!,返回目录,备用习题,One day, 5._ she was straining all her might to imagine her legs moving again, 6._ seemed as though a miracle happened: the bed moved! She screamed out, “Look, what I 7._ (do)! Look! Look! I can do it! I moved! I moved！” Of course, 8._ this very moment everyone else in the hospital was screaming, too. It was the San Francisco earthquake. But dont tell 9._ to Angela. She was 10._(convince) that she did it. And now only a few years later, she was back in school on her own two feet. No walking sticks, no wheelchair.,返回目录,【要点综述】 靠轮椅行走的安吉拉，连医生对她的康复都不抱希望，但她始终没有放弃，一次地震让她觉得是她自己的腿动了，并对此坚信不疑，几年后她真的靠自己的双脚重新走进了学校。 1from recover from an illness意为“从疾病中恢复过来”。 2But 与前句是转折关系。 3undefeatable 在名词前作定语，要用形容词；由语境可知，此处应表示“不败的”，故填undefeatable。句意：医生为她永不言败的精神所折服。 4walking see sb doing sth看见某人在做某事。,备用习题,返回目录,5as as表示“正当时”。 6it 句式搭配：it seems as if/as though仿佛是。 7am doing 8at at this very moment意为“就在此刻”。 9that/it 代替前文说的地震这回事。 10convinced 用形容词形式。be convinced of/that 深信，坚信。,备用习题,返回目录,备用习题,(二) One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 1._ (late) that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 2._ the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 3._ (sit) at the front. He 4._ (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 5._ (mental) disabled. Behind him were other people to 6._he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 7._ walked away and sat near me, looking