《以并列结构作主语》PPT课件.ppt

以并列结构作主语的主谓一致,并列结构作主语主要指主语由并列的名词或名词短语构成，此时主要有如下几种状况：,1.and及bothand类,一般来说，两个单数主语用and连接起来，表示两个不同的人或物，动词用复数；但如果两个并列的单数主语在意义上指同一个人、同一事物或同一概念，动词须用单数。,e.g.,Her teacher and her friend are in the sitting-room. 她的老师和她的朋友都在客厅。 A smile and handshake show welcome. 微笑和握手表示欢迎。 Bread and butter is health food. 涂有黄油的面包是一种有益健康的食物。 The poet and writer has produced many works. 这个诗人兼作家写出了很多作品。 Truth and honesty is the best policy. 真诚为上策。,Attention：, and所连接的表示同一概念的短语有： a horse and cart 马车 a knife and fork 餐叉 a cup and saucer 茶盘 a watch and chain 手表 bread and butter 涂油黄油的面包,Attention：, the poet and the writer则表示“诗人和画家”两个 人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式； 而the poet and writer则表示”诗人兼作家“，作主语 时，谓语动词用单数。,Attention：, 有些带连词and的省略结构形似单数，而意义为复数，随后的动词用复数 Good and bad taste are inculcated by example. (good taste and bad taste) What I say and think are no business of yours. (what I say and what I think),Attention：, 有些由and连接的并列主语，其单复数意义不很明确，只能根据上下文判定。 His younger brother and the subsequent editor of his collected papers was/were with him at his death-bed. Your fairness and impartiality has/have been much appreciated.,2.eachand each及everyand every类,结构everyand every,eachand each, noand no或many aand作主语时，动词用单数。,e.g.,Every man and (every) woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. Each boy and each girl has been invited to the tea-party. Many a man and woman in this community finds himself of herself in need.,3.notbut, not onlybut also, or, eitheror, neithernor类,在由notbut, not onlybut also, or, eitheror, neithernor等连接的并列主语中，谓语动词应该和接近它的主语相一致。 在非正式英语中，也可用复数。,e.g.,Tom or you are to blame. Was he or you able to persuade her? Not you but I am to blame for the mistake. Not only I but also my parents are fond of travelling around. Neither you nor I am fit for the work. Are neither you nor I fit for the work?,4. 主语+as much as等,当主语后面跟有由as much as, rather than, more than, no less than等引导的从属结构时，随后的形式依主语本身的单复数而定。,e.g.,Some of the workers as much as the manager were responsible for the loss. His brother rather than his parents is to blame. My wife, more than anyone else in the family, is anxious to go there again. Man, no less than the lower forms of life, is the product of the evolutionary process.,5.主语+as well as等,当主语后面跟有由as well as, in addition to, with, along with, together with, except等引导的词组时，其后的动词形式取决于主语本身的形式。 在非正式语体中，也可根据“意义一致”或“就近原则”决定随后动词的形式,e.g.,The manager with some workers was working during the holidays. The father, as well as his sons, is going to enroll. Bill, together with his sisters, was hurt in the accident. The truck along with a