《英语科陕西卷》PPT课件.ppt

,2010年高考英语 二轮复课备考建议 杜桥中学 王娅莉,You are welcome! music,英语课堂笑话,小明：May I go to the toilet? 老师：Go ahead. 小明就坐了下来。 小明：May I go to the toilet? 老师：Go ahead. 小明又坐了下来。 同桌：你不是要上厕所吗？怎么不去？ 小明：你没听老师说去你个头啊？,英 语 老 师 形 象,词汇量：3500多单词 300短语 四会词语：2000多单词,构词法,简单句 并列句 复合句,词类,冠词和名词（ 2093个）,动词（ 818个）,代词和数词,介词和连词,形容词和 副词,非谓语动词,动词时态,情态动词,定语从句 名词性从句 状语从句,高 中 英 语,语言知识,语言运用,100110 wpm 短对话，长对话，短文,教材 /空中英语 2030 mpd,疯狂英语 希望英语,1.书虫（50本） 21世纪报Teens 2.每天三篇300字左右的高考阅读训练,1.课外阅读量 TW: 300,000,2. 5060 wpm (300w/ 8m),虚拟语气,100120 w 记叙文 应用文 议论文等,背诵经典句型；每周一篇习作,听力,口语,阅读,写作,词法,句法,系动词,助动词,实义动词,动词语态,高考要求,方法指南,高考要求,方法指南,方法指南,方法指南,高考要求,强调,主谓一致,倒装,省略,词类,分类,重点、难点,名词、冠词,形容词、副词,代词,介词、数词,动词时态语态,分类,重点、难点,解题关键,动词时态,动词语态,1.根据语境，找时间点或时间段 2.紧扣概念进行选择,1.根据句意辨别词义 2.主语与动词构成的主被动关系,情态动词和虚拟语气,分类,重点、难点,解题关键,3. 固定句式,1. should +动词原形,2. if 引导的虚拟条件句,理解句义,结合记忆,理解句义,记忆,3.情态动词+have done,情态动词,虚拟语气,2.表示对现在和过去的推测,1.固定搭配考查: can but 的用法 cant help but ,cant help 的用法,形式,作用,非谓语动词,重点、难点,解题关键,返回目录,准确理解语意捕捉关键词 结合基础知识解题,简单句,简单句 并列句,分类,重点、难点,解题关键,并列句,语法一致 原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则,分类记忆规则联系语意解题,主 谓 一 致,重点难点,解题方法,分类,返回目录,强调句句型 （重难点）,句中加语气词 等词汇来强调,强 调,助动词do +V 助动词do的形式随 主语和时态而变化,特殊疑问句式 特殊疑问词be+ it + that ?,一般疑问句式（be动词放句首）,反意疑问句式( 必须和主句一致 ),强调句用在名词性从句中,surely, really, certainly, definitely, utter, sheer, such, so等,倒装句,a.强调句子的主语时，要与强调句的谓语动 词一致。 b.表语一般不能用这一句型进行强调 c. 条件、让步状语从句不能强调 d.强调because引导的原因状语从句，但强调的原因状语不能用as，since来引导 e.可强调so that引导的目的状语从句，但不能强调so that引导的结果状语从句 f. 对由until引起的短语或从句，要注意否定前移,注 意,陈述句句式 It is/was that/who,名词性从句,状语从句,定语从句,主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句,同位语从句,as引导,9种 时间、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、方式、比较、地点状语从句,复 合 句,关系词,介词+关系词,介词+which/whom,介词+where/whose +n.,复合介词短语+which,介词+which=关系副词,as与which引导非限制性定语从句 区别,suchas/ the same as,限制性与非限制性,关系副词,关系代词,陈述语序,引导词,从属接连词that/whether,在句中不成分作 连接代词 what/who/whom/whose/which/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever 在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语 连接副词 when/where/why/how/whenever/wherever/however在句中作状语,分类,主从复合句,分类,重点、难点,解题关键,状语从句,名词性从句,定语从句,细读题干,划分句子成分,不缺成分用that，”是否”用whether，缺什么成分补什么成分+语意,记忆,翻译,返回目录,2010年陕西卷的试卷结构(部分调整）,题序 题型 题量 赋分 时间（分钟） I 语言知识 及应用 第一节：语音 第二节：补全对话 第三节：单选 第四节：完形填空 5 5 15 20 5 5 15 30 30 II 阅读 第一节：阅读理解 第二节：信息匹配 15 5 30 10 40 IV 写作 第一节：单词拼写 第二节：短文改错 第三节：基础写作 10 10 1 10 15 30 50 总计 85+1 150 120,二轮复习 面对和研究的三个层次的课题,内容准备（what） 方法应对 (how) 考查原因 (why)-可考性,二轮复习师生任务,梳理提炼点拨（教师） 吸纳整理运用（学生）,二轮复习做什么？,将基础知识梳理成结构模块 把握高考各题型的特点和规律 确定应试方法，形成应试技巧,二轮复习用什么,高考考纲 考试说明 新课程标准 高考试题 自己的教学积累,二轮复习不忘什么？,高考的要求、范围、重点、难点 高考题型结构 高考热点、常考点及其常用的考查方式 自己学生的实际 中档题为主,几个误区,盲目过资料，不突出重点 资源与分值分配，不科学合理 定位不准，不针对学生 过分综合，不直击高考 语法条理不明，词汇重点不清 任务布置多，不注重落实 疲惫于题海，不舍得删减 考后只讲答案，不引导总结 组织形式单一，不激发兴趣,2010年陕西卷结构,第一部分、英语知识运用(4) 第二部分、阅读理解(2) 第三部分、写作(3),第一部分、英语知识运用,语音知识 15=5分 情景对话 15=5分 语法和词汇知识 115=15分 完形填空 1.520=30分,语言知识考试要求,要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题(见附录1附录5)，要求词汇量为3500左右。 陕西省从普通高中英语课程标准（实验）中精选了2800单词，作为高考命题的词汇范围。,语 音 知 识,命题范围：陕西卷2800个单词 考查形式：单词全音标识别 考查重点：元音（长、短音） 重读音节 词尾发音 高考语音项目表 48个国际音标 元音字母发音规则,2010年高考语音样题,例：China A. tain B. tain: C. tain D. tain: 1.boss A. bus B. bz C. buz D. bs 元音、辅音 2.finish A. fini B. fini C. finitD.finid 辅音 3. download 元音 A.,daunlaud B.,dunlaudC.,daunlud D.,dunlud 4.capital A. keipitl B. kpitl C. k:pitl D.kpitl 元音 5.comfortable 重音位置 A.kmftbl B.kmftbl C.kmftbl D.kmftbl,辅音字母组合,wh tw ck th ng nk sh ch dg ts ds tr dr tion sion 辅音连缀,元音字母组合,ai/ay air al au/aw ea ear ee eer ei/ey eu/ew ie oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow our ui等。 此外，还有：oul(could,would)、ier(fierce)、eir(their)等不常用的元音组。 常见元辅音字母（组合）发音规则 元音字母A的发音规则 成节音 r音节,音标例举,abandon bndn blank blk conclusion knklu:n eventually iventjuli guarantee ,grnti: mixture mikst urge :d widespread waidspred,情 景 对 话,通读整个对话。 瞻前顾后。 特别注意空后信息。 不受汉语负面影响。 准确理解近似选项。 2010年高考英语情景对话样题,单项选择,1、加强词汇复习教学，培养词汇应用能力。在短语、句子和文章中记忆重点单词的典型用法。 words in Book 6 新课程短语 2010陕西卷考试说明特有词汇 高中英语新课程标准词汇表 高考必背全表,2.不轻视语法教学 *研究真题及其语法考查，针对性语法教学。 *规律的总结，难点的突破 *注重语法在具体的语境中的应用 *精点效练，举一反三。 *做单选题理解句意是关键。 不可机械套用语法规则，或受思维定势干扰。,如2008年高考辽宁卷的单项选择27题： He was busy writing a story, only _ once in a while to smoke a cigarette A. to stop B. stopping C. to have stopped D. having stopped 正确答案是B项, 但很多高分段的学生因only to do定势干扰而错选了A项。,再比如2008年福建卷： You have no idea how she finished the relay race _ her foot wounded so much. A. for B. when C. with D. while 本题考查with 结构, 正确答案为C, 但很多考生误选了A。只考虑 meaning 还不够, for连接并列句, 前面常有逗号隔开, 而且wounded 前必须有was表示受伤。,24 个语法项目,1、名词（4） 2、代词（6） 3、数词（2） 4、介词和介词短语 5、连词 6、形容词 7、副词 8、冠词 9、动词（5） 10、时态（10） 11、被动语态 12、非谓语动词（3） 13、构词法（4） 14、句子种类（4） 15、句子成分（7） 16、简单句的基本句型(5) 17、主谓一致 18、并列复合句 19、主从复合句（5） 20、间接引语 * 21、省略* 22、倒装* 23、强调 * 24、虚拟语气* 语法专项整理思路 语法项目表,24个语法项目,1.名词 (1)可数名词及其单复数 (2)不可数名词 (3)专用名词 (4)名词所有格,2.代词 (1) 人称代词 (2) 物主代词 (3) 反身代词 (4) 指示代词 (5) 不定代词 (6) 疑问代词,3.数词 (1)基数词 (2)序数词 4.介词和介词短语 5.连词 6.形容词(比较级和最高级) 7.副词(比较级和最高级) 8.冠词,9.动词 (1)动词的基本形式 (2)系动词 (3)及物和不及物动词 (4)助动词 (5)情态动词,10.时态 (1)一般现在时 do/does (2)一般过去时 did (3)一般将来时 will do (4)过去将来时 would do (5)现在进行时 am/is/are doing (6)过去进行时 was/were doing (7)将来进行时 will be doing (8)现在完成时 have/has done (9)过去完成时 had done (10)现在完成进行时 have been doing,11.被动语态 12.非谓语动词 (1)动词不定式 (2)动词的-ing形式 (3)动词的-ed形式 13.构词法 (1)合成法 (2)派生法 (3)转化法 (4)缩写和简写,14.句子种类 (1)陈述句 (2)疑问句 (3)祈使句 (4)感叹句,15.句子成分,(1) 主语 (2) 谓语 (3) 表语 (4) 宾语 (5) 定语 (6) 状语 (7) 补语,16.简单句的基本句型,1.主谓 2.主谓宾 3.主系表 4.主谓双宾 5.主谓宾补,17.主谓一致 18.并列复合句 19.主从复合句 (1)主语从句 (2)宾语从句 (3)表语从句 (4)状语从句 (5)定语从句,20.间接引语 21.省略 22.倒装 23.强调 24.虚拟语气,3.教学生知考点、认考点、抓重点 单项选择高考考点 *动词是高考的热点：时态、语态、动词（短语）辨析、doing、done、to do、情态动词等。 *要特别关注历届高考试题中出现率较高的语法项目：状语从句、定语从句、名词性从句、倒装语序、冠词、代词、形容词副词的等级、日常交际用语等。 *课标新增语法项目：现在完成进行时、将来进行时、间接引语、强调句、虚拟语气等。,2009四川卷,many times, he finally understood it. A.Told B.Telling C.Having told D.Having been told 根据选项Telling、Having told和Having been told可知本题考查非谓语动词. 答案：D,2009年陕西卷,Dr. Smith, together with his wife and daughters, visit Beijing this summer. A. is going to B. are going to C. was going to D. were going to 从选项is going to 和was going to 可知此题考查时态，从is going to 和are going to 可知还考查了主谓一致。 答案：A,4.针对性地突破易错点 火眼识别关键词、辨清结构,Gun control is a subject Americans have argued for a long time. A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which 答案：C,How much _ she looked without her glasses!（09陕西） A. well B. good C. best D. better 答案：D 29. Edward, you play so well. But I _ you played the piano.（09宁海） A. didnt know B. hadnt known C. dont know D. havent known 答案：A,Though we dont know what was discussed, yet we can feel the topic . (08陕西) had changed B. will change C. was changed D. has been changed 答案：D,You speak very good French! Thanks. I _ French in Sichuan University for four years. A. studied B. study C. was studying D. had studied (09四川) 答案：A, Has your father returned from Africa yet? Yes, but he _ here for only three days before his company sent him to Australia. (07辽宁) A. was B. has been C. will be D. would be 答案：A,Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law. （08江西） A. where B. when C. who D. which cases在定语从句中作状语，抽象地点 答案：A,All the neighbor admire this family _ the parents are treating their child like a friend.（08安徽） A. why B. where C. which D. that this family 在定语从句中作状语，抽象地点 答案：B,Animals suffered at the hands of Man _ they were destroyed by people to make way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. （08江西） A. in which B. for which C. so that D. in that 答案：D (in that=because表原因),The way he did it was different _ we were used to. (05江西) A. in which B. in what C. from what D. from which what引导宾语从句，在从句中做宾语 答案：C,The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough. （05山东） A. where B. how C. what D. which What在for 的宾语从句（介宾）中作主语 答案：C,5.重要句型 必记重要句型,This is the first time we a film in the cinema together as a family. （09陕西） see B. had seen C. saw D. have seen 答案：D,His sister left home in 1998, and _ since. (09宁海) had not been heard of B. has not been heard of C. had not heard of D. has not heard of 答案：B,Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? Yes, since she _ the Chinese Society. （08宁夏） has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined 答案：D,6.长难句特别练,the police thought he was the most likely one, since they had no exact proof about it, they could not arrest him.（09湖南） A. Although B. As long as C. If only D. As soon as （还原法）答案：A,The Somali robbers frequent attacks on the sea urged the United Nations to _ all nations to take immediate action.(09福建) A. fight for B. apply for C. call on D. wait on （缩句法）答案：C,7.延伸试题、举一反三,以prepare为例： 1.Compared to other women, she is lucky. 2.Comparing them, youll find that. 3.Compare them, and youll find she is lucky. 4.We are busy comparing and 5.It is interesting to compare and 6.We compared them and made the conclusion.,延伸试题、举一反三,As is known to all, knowledge is power. What is known to all is that knowledge is power. It is known to all that knowledge is power. It is knowledge is power that is known to all. Knowledge, as is known to all, is power. Knowledge is power, as/which is known to all.,完 形 填 空,完形填空,词语辨析能力 语法结构分析能力 语篇理解能力 逻辑推理能力 文化背景透析能力 作者意图剖析能力 生活常识综合运用能力,完形填空题特点,题材：亲情故事， 励志文章类 首句常不设空，均约10词一空 考查以实词(v.,n.,adj.,adv,pron.)为主，虚词(conj.,prep.)为辅。 突出语篇、强调运用,设空与答案信息,1. 前制性设空 : 答题信息在空白前 2. 后置性设空： 答题信息在空白后 3. 语篇性设空： 答案题信息在空白前、后 （难度递增）,完形设空分类,1 句子层次 2 句组层次 3 语篇层次 （难度递增）,完形考点,1.实词 2.虚词 3.词组 4.近义词选择 5.近形词选择 6.惯用法选择,选择原则,完形必须服从完义， 单句必须服从段落， 段落必须服从全文， 局部必须服从全局。,完形四步,重视首句，预测全文。 跳空通读，把握情节。 瞻前顾后，灵活答题。 复核全文，调整答案。,完形答题技巧,跳读法抓动词 关联法析逻辑 择优法 排除法 复现法原词复现 同义词， 近义词复现 反义词复现 不同词性或词形的词语复现 定语从句复现 注释性复现,完形训练方法,1.限时做题， 当场讲评 2.发挥学生的主动性，让学生讲 3.对有争议的问题讨论澄清 4.让学生总结错误类型，反思做题思路 5.长难句特别指导 6.熟读高考典型完形文章,特别提醒,切忌揪住选项汉语意思不放，应重语篇上下文语境，选择此情此景最佳词 尽可能多的了解英语国家的文化，避免脱离文化的想当然 想方设法接近作者的思想，融入文章中与作者产生共鸣 你的答案要使文章成为一个完整、有意义的故事,从08江西卷看高考完形,词语辨析 carry bring take fetch 语法结构分析You wont,will you? There will always be,seem to do 语篇理解 expect, experienced laborers, a very exciting world, anybody left, be set against his head, be well placed, studying physics, leave my shirt collar dirty 逻辑推理 but 文化背景透析 in this technological era, 作者意图剖析 replace, agreed, 生活常识综合运用 leading down to the sea, unloading, on his shoulder, print out 08江西完形,第二部分、阅读理解,*阅读理解 215=30分 *信息匹配 25=10分,阅 读 理 解,考核目标与要求,要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能： (1)理解主旨和要义; (2)理解文中具体信息; (3)根据上下文推断生词的词义; (4)作出判断和推理; (5)理解文章的基本结构; (6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度。,09年陕西卷阅读理解能力考核分布表,(1)理解主旨大意 略读文章、领会大意的能力,第一段 段首句 字里行间 最后一句,标题 主题句 概括性 *正三角形 针对性 *倒三角形 醒目性 *圆形 *菱形 *正方形,(2)理解文中具体信息,准确寻求所需信息的能力 有时比较直接 有时较为间接原文句子的同义项,(3)根据上下文推断生词 理解文章的基础,词义随语境而不同 依上下文推断 灵活变化的词义,利用标点符号 利用辅助性词汇 反义词 前后句 个人阅历 例子 构词法,(4)简单判断和推理 逻辑推理能力,作者未提到的事实 某事发生的可能性,细节推断 因果推断 人物性格、态度、观点推断 预测想象推断 写作意图推断,(5)理解文章的基本结构 把握文脉的能力,主题段 主题句 段间衔接,(6)作者的意图、观点和态度,领会隐含信息的能力 传递信息？ 愉悦读者？ 讲授道理？,结构和主题,时间顺序 首段、末段 总分顺序 首段 分总顺序 末段 空间顺序 介绍某物 对比 共同点、差异,阅读的24题材,个人情况 家庭朋友与周围的人 周围的环境 日常活动 学校生活 兴趣与爱好 个人情感 人际关系 计划与愿望 节假日活动 购物 饮食 健康 天气 文娱与体育 旅游与交通 语言学习 自然 世界与环境 科普知识与现代技术 热点话题 历史地理 社会 文化艺术,阅读体裁,记叙文 说明文 议论文 应用文,提高阅读速度,音读法 指读法 视读法,* 抓关键动词 * 抓高频词 * 重首段 * 首句、尾句 * 段落交集处 * 转折词后 *利用注释、大写,阅 读 七 忌 七 记,钻牛角尖 掺杂个人观点 题干阅读草率 选项理解片面 文易不深思 文难轻言弃 忽视英语文化,推理合正常逻辑 忠于原文 划题干关键词 抓选项关键词 文易注意深层理解 文难题易抓句干 融入文章融进文化,阅读题设问法,(1)理解主旨和要义 The main idea of the passage is_ . The conclusion we can get from the story is _ . Which of the following is the best title？ The main purpose of the story is to tell us _ .,(2)理解文中具体信息,According to the passage，who / what / which / when / where / while / how / how many / how much / how long / how soon / how often？ According to the passage，which of the following is true / NOT true？ According to the passage，which of the following is NOT mentioned？ All of the following are true EXCEPT _ .,(3)根据上下文推断生词的词义,The word “.”refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _ . The word “.”is most likely to mean _. What do you think the expression “.”stands for？ By saying“.”we mean _ . “.”as used in the passage can best be defined as _ .,(4)作出判断和推理,It can be inferred / concluded that _ . Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage？ In which of the following publication would this passage most likely be printed？ The passage implies，but doesnt directly state that _ . The writer suggests that _ . Whats the authors attitude toward _ ？ The writer probably feels that_ . The author uses the examples of.to show that _ .,推理判断题:可以根据文章的脉络、语气、事实细节、 逻辑等做出简单的推理判断。 全文推断 It can be inferred from the text that _. 段落推断 We learn from paragraph 1 that_ . 单句推断 What can we infer from the sentence “” 事例推断 From the second example we can infer that the parents of 来源推断 The two letters most probably appear in a _. 文脉推断 What do you think the author is most likely to suggest if he continues to write? 对象推断 The intended readers of the passage are_,(5)理解文章的基本结构,指代问法 是考查考生对文章中指示代词对前文或后文的 指代的判断能力 The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to _. 组织结构法 是考查考生对文章的结构与组织形式的判断能力 How is the text organized?,文章结构分析法 Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. （-=Paragraph 1-4）,(6)理解作者的意图、观点和态度,作者意图或态度 What is the authors opinion about the sudden change in teenage children? 文章意图 What is the purpose of the passage?,2008江西卷A篇,Despite the fact that it has never been seen，almost everyone is familiar with the legendary unicorn(独角兽). Descriptions of unicorns have been found dating from ancient times. The great philosopher Aristotle theorized that there were two types of unicorn- the so-called Indian Ass and the Oryx, a kind of antelope. Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family, town council or university as their special sign. Even Scotland is represented by a unicorn.,According to the legend, anyone attempting to catch a unicorn had to be extremely cautious as it has a reputation for being very fierce. A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers, in order to catch this magnificent beast without being hurt by its horn, was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged. Hopefully, the creature could then be captured when its horn was stuck in the tree.,When hollowed out and used as a drinking-cup, the unicorns horn was said to have the power to offer protection against person. It was believed that nobody could be harmed-by drinking the contents of a unicorns horn. Right up until the French Revolution in 1789, the French court was said to have used cups made of “unicorn” horn in order to protect the king. In addition, the horn was said to have medicinal value, so much so that it could be sold for more than ten times the price of the same weight of gold. What, then, was “unicorn” horn? We know at times the rhino(犀牛) was confused with this legendary creature. A drinking-cup supposedly made of “unicorn” horn was discovered to be made of the horn of a rhino.,56. Which of the following is TRUE of the unicorn? A. It was not historically recorded B. Its horn was first used in France C. It was similar to the Indian Ass and the Oryx D. It could be the symbol of a university 57. To catch a unicorn, the unicorn-trappers had to try all of the following EXCEPT _. A. tempting the unicorn to attack B. making use of the tree as a protection C. hiding quickly behind the unicorn D. having the unicorn horn stuck in the tree 58. The last paragraph is mainly about _. A. the properties of the unicorn horn B. the users of the unicorn horn C. the price of the unicorn horn D. the comparison between the unicorn horn and the rhino horn 59. In the last paragraph, the word “unicorn ” is in quotation marks (引号)because _. A. the cup is designed only for a royal family B. the unicorn does not exist in reality C. the unicorn is the rarest animal in the world D. the medicinal value of the horn is appreciated,答案解析,本文为一篇说明文，主要介绍了传说中的独角兽，如何捕捉，以及独角兽角的用途等。 56. D 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句不难得出答案。注意理解logo的意思为“作为标志的语句，标识语”。这是超纲但又是现在流行常用的词汇，需要注意积累。 57. C 细节理解题。从第三段第二句 .to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged.可知猎人先在独角兽前面引诱，然后迅速闪到其身后，待其角插在树里面，实际上就是利用树作为保护。 58. A 主旨大意题。从最后一段不难得知主要讲述的是独角兽角的各种用途。 59. B 推理判断题。从最后一段最后一句可知，这种角实际上是犀牛角。,2008江西卷D,Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value. The concept dates back to 1623 when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed. IP rights protect the artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another. For example, if somebody generated an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights. If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/ she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use. Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing. But today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who creative music, art and literature.,In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the Internet. Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a mu