《定语从句复习》PPT课件.ppt

The Attributive Clause 定语从句复习,天津市杨村一中 袁淑清,定语从句复习,定语从句,The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句,The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句的构成,The man who lives next to us sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. I have found the book which I lost. I visited the school where I studied.,关系代词 +定语从句 关系副词,注意事项: 1.从句的位置: 2.翻译方法: 3.构成：,先行词 之后,“的”,关系词,定语从句后置,The day came at last when I went to college. He, laughs best who laughs last. He is the only one of the teachers who comes from Qingdao. He is one of the teachers who come from Qingdao.,先行词和关系词的关系,A plane is a machine that can fly. The boy who broke the window is called Tom. The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather. The school where I study is far from my home.,the machine = that,the boy =who,the boys =whose,in the school = where,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,关系代词的用法,关系代词在从句中可以：,何时可以省略？,做宾语时可以省略,关系代词的用法,关系副词在从句中可以：,as 关系代词, 在定语从句中做主语、宾语（有时做表语),as引导限定性定语从句：suchas the same as 2. as引导非限定性定语从句：as 具有“正如”之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected; as is known / believed( to all) 3. as 与which引导非限定性定语从句的区别： 1）as 有“正如，正像”之意，which没有。 2）as引导非限定性定语从句可以放在主句之前或之后，which只能放在主句之后。,关系代词的用法练习,1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday. 2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. 4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. 5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot.,The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh.,The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry.,.He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.,The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious.,I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.,关系副词和先行词的关系,I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I dont like the way that you speak.,on the day =when,in the house= where,for the reasons =why,in the way =that,关系副词实际上是介词先行词,1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave.,when /in which,which,where/ in which,which,why/ for which,that/which,几种易混的情况,及物动词,及物动词,及物动词,whose,The teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.,The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.,Join the following pair of sentences.,whose =the students,关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,whose,The house is mine. The window of the house is broken.,Join the following pair of sentences.,The house whose window is broken is mine.,whose=the houses window,The house is mine.,the window of which is broken,of which the window is broken,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful. Kunming, where I live, is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,Please compare:,非限制性定语从句,The town where I live is beautiful. Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.,Teachers who are kind are popular with the students. Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.,Please compare:,插入成分,修饰限定,补充解释,能,不能,能否省略,非限制性定语从句和单句的比较,2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them, that,1.I am reading Harry Potter._ is an interesting book. 2.I am reading Harry Potter, _is an interesting book.,which,It,as 引导的非限制性定语从句,The earth is round._ is known to all. The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which / as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected; as is known / believed( to all),定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 引导的限制性定语从句 (1),This is the same pen as I lost. This is the same pen that I lost.,Please compare:,这本书和我丢的那笔一模一样。,这本书就是我丢的那笔。,as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2),This is such an interesting book _ we all like. This is so interesting a book _ we all like. This is such an interesting book _we all like it. This is so interesting a book _we all like it.,as,that,Please complete the following sentences and compare:,as,that,这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句),这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句),介词+关系代词引导定语从句，如何选择介词？,1. 考虑与定语从句中与谓语动词的搭配。 Eg. The man whom you spoke to was a scientist. 2. 考虑与先行词的搭配。 Eg. He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.,介词+关系代词的情况 1,The man whom you spoke was a scientist. The city which she lives is far away.,to,in,介词+关系代词的情况 2,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,介词+关系代词的情况 3,The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist. The city that/which she lives is far away.,to,in,Are these two sentences right?,可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后,介词+关系代词的情况 4,Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短语中介词不能提前,下面两句中的介词能提前吗?,1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies. 6. There is a tall tree outside, stands our teacher. 7. China has a lot of rivers, the second longest _ is the Yellow River. 8. The tower _ people can have a good view is on the hill. 9. The man _ I spoke on the phone last night is very good at wrestling. 10. He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most _ hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,on which,for which,from which,about which,through which,under which,of which,from which,to whom,of which,介词+关系代词的情况 练习,1.He did all / everything _he could to help me. 2.This is the very thing _ I am after. 3.We talked about the men and the things _ we remembered at school. 4.He is the only man _ can do the work. 5.This is the first thing _ I want to say. 6.He is the finest man _ I have ever worked with. 7.Who is the man _ spoke to you at the gate? 8.Which is the star _ is nearest to the earth?,that , which or who?,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that,that , which ,whose, whom or who?,9.Is there anything else _ you want to say? 10.Any person _ has the money can join the group. 11.He often speaks the role he played in the play, _ made others upset. 12.He opened the door, in front of _ sat a boy. 13.The man to _ I spoke is a famous scientist. 14.The boy _ mother is dead was brought up by his father.,that,that,which,which,whom,whose,1.当先行词是不定代词时,如: All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, everything, 等,只能用that 不能用which做关系代词的情况,2.当先行词被the only, the very, the same, little, few, no, any等修饰时,3.当人和物合做先行词时,4. 当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,5. 在疑问词who、which、what开头的句子中,只能用which 不能用that做关系代词的情况,1.引导非限制性定语从句,2.在介词后面,1. The place _we paid a visit to last week looks beautiful. 2. The place_we stayed for our holiday looks beautiful. 3. The hours _we were looked down upon are gone forever. 4. The hours _we spent together in the holiday is unforgettable. 5. The lady _we helped is thankful. 6. The lady _we worked together with is helpful. 7. The books and scientists _were seen there are welcome. 8. The hill, from the top of _stands a tall tree. 9. The very place_he worked lies right below the hill. 10.The fact_he told me is very surprising.,1.The time and the place_we will hold the meeting has not been decided yet. 2. _is known, the earth turns around the sun. 3. _is known that the earth turns around the sun. 4. _ is known is that the earth turns around the sun. 5.This is the house_my father lived as a boy. 6.This house is the one_my father repaired that day. 7.Is this the house _we lived happily during the holiday? 8.Is the house the one_we visited during the holiday? 9.Is this house_the one where_we spent our childhood? 10.Is this house the one_we paid a visit that day?,Correct the following sentences 1.The book he bought it is worth the price. 2.Tom was one of the boys who was invited to the game. 3.The hours and things were wasted in the job can be got back. 4.There are many boys are playing football on the playground. 5.The lab he once worked was very famous. 6.The way in which they used in the experiment is strange. 7.Such books that they read are useful to our study. 8.That is the reason which they failed in the exam.,9. The woman which was interviewed on CCTV last night was the late US President Nixons daughter 10.The main topic people are often talking about it at present is the construction of the Yangtze Three Gorges Dam 11.God bless this ship and all that sails in her！上帝保佑这条船和所有乘船的人吧！ 12. Franklin D Roosevelt was the only one of the US presidents that were in office for 4 terms 13.The Great Wall is one of the man-made constructions that has been seen from space 14. The speed at that the rocket can escape from the earth is 11.2 kilometres per second火箭的逃逸速度是每秒11.2公里。,15.This is a new type of airplane, which parts are all made at home 16. Anything which exists in the universe has its two sides 17. Whatever Saddam did couldnt change US mind to attack Iraq, that we had expected 18. Recently I have been reading a good book, it was about the relationship between man and nature,定语从句与类似句型的辨析： 1.定语从句与简单句 1)He try to use a new way to solve the problem, _ didnt work. 2)He try to use a new way to solve the problem. _ didnt work. 2. 定语从句与并列句： 1)I have three brothers, none of _is a teacher. 2) I have three brothers, but none of _ is a teacher. 3) I have three brothers; none of _is a teacher. 3. 定语从句与强调句 1) It was October 1st 1949 _ the Peoples Republic Of China was founded. 2)It was on October 1st 1949 _ the Peoples Republic Of China was founded.,which,it,whom,them,them,when,that,4. 定语从句与地点状语从句 1) This kind of plant grows well at the places _ there is enough water. 2) This kind of plant grows well _ there is enough water. 5. 定语从句与结果状语从句 1）I have the same book_ you have. 2) It is so beautiful a place _ everyone wants to visit it. 3) Such people _you described are rare nowadays. 4) She is such a kind girl _ all of us like to make friends with her. 5) Its so big a stone _ no one can lift it.,where,where,as,that,as,that,that,6. 定语从句与宾语从句 1)Do you remember the day_ I met you for the first time? 2) Do you remember _ I met you for the first time? 6) I dont know the reason _ she is crying. 7) I dont know _ she is crying. 7.定语从句与主语从句 1）_ is known to us all, the earth is round 2)_ we know, the earth is round 3)_ is known to us all that the earth is round,when,when,why,why,As,As,It,8. 定语从句与表语从句 1）Is the house _he lived near the hospital? 2）I