实验四面向对象程序设计.doc

实验四 面向对象程序设计实验类型： 验证性 实验课时： 8 指导教师： 陈志勇 时 间： 2015年 10月 21日课 次： 第 3、4节 教学周次： 第 7周 实验分室： 5-4 实验台号： 29 实 验 员： 马征 一、实验目的1.了解并掌握面向对象程序设计的基本思想和方法。2.掌握类的定义及对象的使用方法。3.掌握C#程序中的异常处理。4.理解程序中继承的使用。二、实验内容及要求1.定义长方形rectangle类：属性：长和宽两个属性；方法：无参数构造函数：长和宽的值为0两个参数构造函数：长和宽的值为对应参数值计算周长方法：返回长方形的周长计算面积方法：返回长方形的面积定义test类中，在Main方法实例化两个对象，并输出其周长和面积程序：namespace shiyan4._1 class rectangle public int c, k, s, z; public rectangle() c = 0; k = 0; public rectangle(int c, int k) this.c = c; this.k = k; public int zhouchang(int c, int k) z = (c + k) * 2; return (z); public int mianji(int c, int k) s = c * k; return (s); class test static void Main(string args) Console.WriteLine(请输入长方形的长：); int x = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); Console.WriteLine(请输入长方形的宽：); int y= Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); rectangle a = new rectangle(x, y); Console.WriteLine(长方形的周长为：0, a.zhouchang(x, y); Console.WriteLine(长方形的面积为：0, a.mianji(x, y); Console.Read(); 运行结果： 2（1）设计一个Person1类，包含下列数据：字段：姓名（name)、血型(blood)、体重(weight)、身高(height)。属性：Name和Blood访问姓名（name)、血型(blood)字段方法：显示姓名PrintName（）、显示血型PrintBlood()、显示重量PrintWeight()、显示身高PrintHeight()、增加身高AddHeight()、增加体重AddWeight()、减少体重SubWeight()、显示对象本身Tostring()。构造函数：Person1() Person1(string name,string blood,int weight,int height) 对于姓名的设置要进行验证，字符数不能大于4 ，不能小于2。（2）设计一个Person2类，除了Person1类字段及方法外，增加字段电话telephone,增加方法PrintTelephone(),两个构造函数person2()和Person2(string name,string blood,int weight,int height，int telephone)（3）在主函数中创建Person1类和Person2类的对象，进行测试。程序：namespace shiyan4._2 class person1 public string name, blood; public int weight, height; public person1() name = ; blood = ; weight = 0; height = 0; public person1(string name, string blood, int weight, int height) name = 张三; blood = AB; weight = 68; height = 180; public string Name get return name; public string Blood get return blood; public int Weight get return weight; set weight = value; public int Height get return height; set weight = value; public string printname() return name; public string printblood() return blood; public int printweight() return weight; public int printheight() return height; public int Addweight(int x) return weight + x; public int Subweight(int x) return weight - x; public int Addheight(int x) return height + x; public int Subheight(int x) return height - x; class person2 public string name, blood; public int weight, height, telephone; public person2() name = ; blood = ; weight = 0; height = 0; telephone = 0; public person2(string name, string blood, int weight, int height, int telephone) name = 张三; blood = AB; weight = 68; height = 180; telephone = 56782434; public string Name get return name; public string Blood get return blood; public int Weight get return weight; set weight = value; public int Height get return height; set weight = value; public string Printname() return name; public string Printblood() return blood; public int Printweight() return weight; public int Telephone() return telephone; public int Printheight() return height; public int Addweight(int x) return weight + x; public int Subweight(int x) return weight - x; public int Addheight(int x) return height + x; public int Subheight(int x) return height - x; class test static void Main(string args) string name = 张三; string blood = AB; int weight = 68; int height = 180; person1 m = new person1(); Console.WriteLine(姓名：0, name); Console.WriteLine(血型：0, blood); Console.WriteLine(体重：0, weight); Console.WriteLine(身高：0, height); Console.WriteLine(请输入要增加的身高); int p = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); int h=m.Addheight(p); Console.WriteLine(身高为：0, height + h); Console.WriteLine(请输入要增加的体重); int t = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); int z = m.Addheight(t); Console.WriteLine(体重为：0, weight + z); Console.WriteLine(请输入要减少的体重); int j = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); int n = m.Addheight(j); Console.WriteLine(体重为：0, weight + z - n); Console.Read(); 运行结果：3. 输入以下程序，体会错误处理机制：class Program static void Main(string args) Console.WriteLine(请输入年龄); int i = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); 输入年龄时分别输入”aa”、”1111111111111111111111”看看程序运行会发生什么，注意观察系统信息。输入aa，提示输入格式不正确输入111111111111111111,提示输入的值太大或太小然后运行以下程序，分别输入120、aa、1111111111111111111看看这回程序运行状态。class AgeException : Exception public string reason; public AgeException(int age) if (age 110) reason = 太大了; class Program static void Main(string args) try Console.WriteLine(请输入年龄); int i = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); if (i 110) throw new AgeException(i); catch (AgeException e) Console.WriteLine(e.reason); catch (FormatException e) Console.WriteLine(e.Message); catch (Exception e) Console.WriteLine(e.Message); （1）为什么AgeException的父类定义为Exception，不定义行吗？Exception 是异常类的基类，要继承父类的属性及方法，必须定义。（2）在这个程序中哪个是系统抛出的异常，哪个是代码自己抛出的？AgeException是代码自己抛出的，FormateException是系统抛出的。4. 类的层次关系如图所示：PointCircleRectangleCylinder（1） 点(Point)类具有以下属性：坐标X、坐标Y，且具有以下方法： ToString( ):点的字符串表示形式（2）圆(Circle)类具有以下属性：坐标X、坐标Y、半径Radius，且具有以下方法： Diameter():求直径 CircumFerence():求周长 Area():求圆的面积 ToString():圆的字符串表示形式（3）矩形(Rectangle)类具有以下属性：坐标X、坐标Y、长length、宽width，且具有以下方法： zhouchang():求周长 Area():求矩形的面积 ToString():矩形的字符串表示形式（4）除继承了Circle类的属性和方法外，还应具有：Height:圆柱体高度，Volumn(): 求体积方法:底面积*高，并重载：Area()：求圆柱体表面积:2*底面积+底周长*高（5）编程实现上述类，并定义Test类进行测试。程序：namespace shiyan4 class Point protected double x, y; public Point() x = 0.0; y = 0.0; public Point(double x, double y) this.x = x; this.y = y; public override string ToString() return 点的横坐标为： + x + ,纵坐标为： + y ; public virtual double CircumFerence() return 0.0; public virtual double Area() return 0.0; class Cirle : Point protected double Radius; protected double PI = 3.1415926; protected double diameter, circumFerence, area; public Cirle() x = 0.0; y = 0.0; Radius = 0.0; public Cirle(double Radius) this.Radius = Radius; public double Diameter(double Radius) diameter = this.Radius * 2; return diameter; public override double CircumFerence() circumFerence = 2 * PI * this.Radius; return circumFerence; public virtual double Area(double r) area = PI * r * r; return area; public override string ToString() return 圆的半径为： + this.Radius + n + 圆的直径为： + this.diameter + n + 圆的周长为： + this.circumFerence + n + 圆的面积为： + this.area; class Rectangle : Point protected double length, width, s, c; public Rectangle() x = 0.0; y = 0.0; length = 0.0; width = 0.0; public Rectangle(double length, double width) length = this.length; width = this.width; public double zhouchang(double width, double length) c = 2 * (length + width); return c; public virtual double Area(double width, double length) s = width * length; return s; public override string ToString() return 矩形的周长为： + c + n + 矩形的面积为： + s; class Cylinder : Cirle public double height, volumn, mj; public Cylinder() ; public Cylinder(double Radius, double height) : base(Radius) this.height = height; public double Volumn(double Radius, double height) volumn = PI * Radius * Radius * height; return volumn; public override double Area() mj = 2 * PI * Radius * Radius + 2 * PI * Radius * height; return mj; public override string ToString() return 圆柱体的体积为： + volumn + n + 圆柱体的面积为： + mj; class Text static void Main(string args) double x, y, Radius, zj, zc, mj, jzc, jmj, length, width, height, volumn, zmj; Console.Write(请输入横坐标x：); x = double.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); Console.Write(请输入纵坐标y：); y = double.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); Point p = new Point(x, y); Console.WriteLine(p); Console.Write(请输入圆的半径：); Radius = double.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); Point a = new Point(); Point b = new Point(x, y); Cirle c = new Cirle(Radius); zj = c.Diameter(Radius); Console.WriteLine(该圆的直径为： + zj); zc = c.CircumFerence(); Console.WriteLine(该圆的周长为： + zc); mj = c.Area(Radius); Console.WriteLine(该圆的面积为： + mj); Console.WriteLine(c); Console.Write(请输入矩形的宽：); width = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); Console.Write(请输入矩形的长：); length = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); Rectangle z = new Rectangle(width, length); jzc = z.zhouchang(width, length); jmj = z.Area(width, length); Console.WriteLine(z); Console.Write(请输入圆柱的高：); height = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine(); Cylinder cirle = new Cylinder(Radius, height); volumn = cirle.Volumn(Radius, height); zmj = cirle.Area(); Console.WriteLine(cirle); Console.ReadLine(); 运行结果：5.定义一个学生类，包含学号、姓名、性别等信息，定义一个班级类，在班级类中包含一个可以指定个数的学生类数组，并提供两个索引器，一个是int型参数用于向数组指定下标元素赋值或读取操作，一个是String型参数，用于根据参数在数组中查找指定元素。然后编写一个测试程序进行验证。程序：namespace shiyan4 class student public string name; public string xingbie; public string xuehao; public student() name = 张三; xingbie = 男; xuehao = 0914130528; public student(string name, string xingbie, string xuehao) = name; this.xingbie = xingbie; this.xuehao = xuehao; class banji public student number = new studentsize; static int size = 26; public student thisint index get return numberindex; set numberindex = value; public student thisstring s get int i; for (i = 0; i 26; i+) if ( = s) return numberi; return null; class test static void Main(string args) student a = new student(); student b = new student(李四, 男, 0914130529); student c = new student(王丽, 女, 0914130530); student d = new student(周伟, 男, 0914130531); student f = new student(刘丽, 女, 0914130532); student e = new student(李玲, 女, 0914130533); student g = new student(李伟, 男, 0914130534); banji bj = new banji(); bj0 = b; bj1 = c; bj2 = d; bj3 = e; bj4 = f; bj5 = g; a = bj刘丽; Console.WriteLine(学号：0+n+姓名：1+n+性别：2, a.xuehao, , a.xingbie); Console.Read(); 运行结果：6.定义一个shape抽象类，利用它作为基类派生出Rectangle、Circle等具体形状类，已知具体形状类均具有两个方法GetArea和GetPerim，分别用来求形状的面积和周长。最后编写一个测试程序对产生的类的功能进行验证。可参考如下代码：public abstract class shape public abstract float GetArea(); public abstract float GetPerim(); class Point public float x; public float y; public Point(float x, float y) this.x = x;/当形参名与字段名相同时，需要在字段名前加this.代表当前对象中的成员 this.y = y; class Rectangle : shape public Point lefttop;/代表矩形左上点 public float width; public float height; public Rectangle(float x, float y, float w, float h) lefttop = new Point(x, y); width = w; height = h; public override float GetArea() return width * height; public override float GetPerim() return 2 * width + 2 * height; class Circle : shape private const float pi = 3.1415926f; public Point dot;/代表原点 public float r; public Circle(float x, float y, float r) dot = new Point(x, y); this.r = r; public override float GetArea() return pi * r * r; public override float GetPerim() return 2 * pi * r; class Program static void Main(string args) Rectangle r1 = new Rectangle(0, 0, 10, 20); Console.WriteLine(矩形的左上点的x坐标：0，y坐标：1，面积：2，周长：3, r1.lefttop.x, r1.lefttop.y, r1.GetArea(), r1.GetPerim(); Circle c1 = new Ci