高一定语从句讲解.ppt

The Attributive Clause,定语从句,一个美丽的女孩 a beautiful girl,（形容词作前置定语）,一个穿白色衣服的女孩,a girl in white,（介词短语作后置定语）,一个正唱歌的女孩,a girl is singing,who,（定语从句，a girl为先行词）,定语是句子成分之一，可以由单词、短语或从句担当，对名（代）词修饰和限制。名（代）词称为中心词。 形容词作定语一般前置，短语和从句作定语要后置，翻译成“的”。另外名词、数词、非谓语动词（短语）、介词短语也可以担当定语。,Li Ming is a boy.,Li Ming is a good boy .,Li Ming is a good boy .,形容词作定语,介词短语作定语,在复合句中，修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。,good,with glasses,who is wearing glasses,句子作定语,Complex sentence 复合句：,由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作 某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。,主句,+,定语从句,一个主谓结构是句子 的主要部分（主句）,另一个或一个以上的主谓结构 只在句子中作某个成分（定语）,The students (who do not study hard )will not pass the exam.,主句主语,从句主语,从句谓语结构,主句谓语结构,Attributive clause:,限制性定语从句 restrictive,非限制性定语从句non-restrictive,是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。,和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。,I was the only person who was invited. in my office,Jenny, with whom I played table tennis yesterday, lives in my next room.,The man who came here yesterday has come again.,That is Mr. Wang, whose daughter teaches English at a middle school.,注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.,在句子中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。这种从句由关系代词 或关系副词引导，并作句子成分。 定语从句还叫做嵌入句， 因形容词定语，所以又称之为形容词性从句。,Attributive clause:,定语从句的位置：通常在先行词（在主句中）后。,定 语 从 句 的 引 导 词,关系 代词,关系 副词,指人,指物,who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)， that(主语、宾语), whose(定语),that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语) whose(定语),where (地点状语),when (时间状语),why (原因状语),the handsome (英俊) the tall the strong the clever the sick,boy,The boy is Tom.,The boy is handsome.,The boy who is tall is Tom.,The boy who is strong is Tom.,The boy who is clever is Tom.,The boy who is sick is Tom.,The boy is handsome is Tom.,The boy is Tom.,who,关系代词,先 行 词,apple,the red the green the small the big,The apple which is green is yours.,The apple which is small is mine.,The apple which is big is yours.,mine,yours,The apple is red.,The apple is mine.,The apple is red is mine.,which,先 行 词,关系代词, The boy is Tom. The boy is smiling.,The boy who is smiling is Tom. (主语),The boy is Tom. The boy has a round face.,The boy who has a round face is Tom.,The boy is Tom. He sits in front of me.,The man who sits in front of me is Tom.,1.前看先行词, 辩清人或物 2.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。,如何选择关系代词? who ,whom, whose, which, that,关系代词： which , who, whom, that, whose,1. who指人,作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,The man who I talked with is our teacher.,A person who steals things is called a thief.,2. whom,1) The man (whom) you met just now is my farther.,2) The teacher (whom) you are waiting for is coming.,指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略。,关系代词,3. which 指物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略),Whats that animal which looks like a big mouse?,A week later Mary received the camera (which) she had ordered.,Is this the library (which) you borrow books from?,关系代词,He is the man (that) I told you about.,4. that 指人/物，作主语或宾语 (作宾语可省略）,A plane is a machine that can fly.,关系代词,3) This is the book whose cover is blue.,4. whose,1) Miss Flower is the teacher whose house caught fire last week.,2) This is the boy whose composition the teacher talked of .,(of which the),在从句中只作定语,指人或物。表从属关系，“的”若指物,可与of which the互换。,（定语/指人或物）,Which baby is Jack?,穿红裤子的baby是Jack。,The baby is Jack.,The baby is Jack.,whose trousers are red,who is wearing red trousers,Jack,Which house is mine?,房顶是棕色的房子是我的。,The house is mine.,whose roof is brown,My house,The house _ we live in is very old. Those are the shoes _ I lost last week. That is the man _ found my handbag. Lucy cant eat food _ has chocolate in it. The car _ my uncle bought last month is very beautiful.,which/ that,which/ that,who/ that,which/ that,which/ that,6. The village _ Guo Peng lives in is very far away. 7. The boy _ is wearing the black jacket is very clever. 8. I hate people _ talk much but do little. 9. The detective found the thieves _ robbed(抢劫) the Bank of Hawaii. 10. My aunt works in a university _ has over five thousand students.,which/ that,who/ that,who/ that,who/ that,which/ that,5.He told her the reason_ why he is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why,Attributive clause:,定 语 从 句 的 引 导 词,关系 代词,关系 副词,指人,指物,who(主语、宾语)，whom(宾语)， that(主语、宾语), whose(定语),that(主语、宾语),which(主语、宾语) whose(定语),where (地点状语),when (时间状语),why (原因状语),.关系副词 when, where, why引导定从,time,place,reason,修饰时间,修饰地点,修饰原因,1.when = + at/in/on which 作时间状语: She will never forget the day. She was married on that day.,She will never forget the day when (=on which) she was married.,It was the year. The World War I broke out in the year.,It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.,She arrived when /at which it was raining heavily. 她12点到达，那时正在下大雨。,2.where = in/at + which 作地点状语,I want to know the place. I was born there.,I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.,The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.,3.why 作原因状语, 其先行词常常是the reason.,That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.,I know the reason why he said it.,why = for which,如何选用定语从句的关系词,1.找出定语从句的先行词 2.把先行词带回到定语从句中去，看其在定语从句中做什么语法成分（主语，宾语，定语或状语） 3.若先行词在从句中做主语、宾语或定语则选择关系代词，若在从句中做状语，则选择关系副词。,Exercise,1.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. which B. when C. that D. on that 2.Is that the reason _ you help him. A. which B. what C. why D. for that,3. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B. where C. what D. that,4.Is this the farm _you visited last week?,that/which,5. Is this the place _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why,6.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B. where C. what D. that 7.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why,when, where, why 与that, which 的区分,）Ill never forget the day _ we first met in the park. ）Ill never forget the time _ I spent with you. ）Ill never forget the time _ was spent with you. ）This is the museum _I visited last year .,when,which/that,which/that,which/that,when, where, why 与that, which 的区分,This is the reason _ ( = for which ) I didnt come here. The reason _ she gave was not true.,why,which/that,关系代词在定从中做宾语,2.“介词+关系代词 ”引导定语从句,见导与练P59,(which/ that),who/ that,whose,which/ that,who, that, whom, which, whose,I have a friend _ likes listening to the classical music. Yesterday Emily was wearing the new dress _ I gave her. The man _ leg broke in a match used to be a good football player. Kate is reading a book _ is too difficult for her.,The family _ Im staying with lives in town. I know the student _ article was published. My parents live in a house _ is more than 100 years old. Luckily none of the people _ I know were killed in the earthquake.,(which/ that),whose,which/ t