被动语态用法详解第二课时.ppt

被动语态用法详解,(二) 被动语态的时态、人称和数的变化 主要体现在be的变化上，其形式与系动词be的变化形式完全一样。以 give 为例，列表如下： 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 一般过去将来时： 现在进行时： 过去进行时： 现在完成时： 情态动词,am / is / are + given was / were + given shall / will + be given should / would + be given am / is / are + being + given was / were + being + given have / has + been + given must/can/could/may + be + given,He washes clothes every day.,主,谓,宾(受动者),Clothes,are washed,by,him,every day.,变为被动语态,Oral practice-主动句改被动句,1. Change each sentence into passive voice: A car knocked him down yesterday. These two kids plant trees every year 3)We should protect the earth 4)Well put on the play next Sunday,He was knocked down by a car yesterday,Trees are planted by these two kids every year.,The earth should be protected by us.,The play will be put on next Sunday.,1. He cleans the meeting-room every day. The meeting room is cleaned every day. 2. They sold that kind of shoes in this shop last week. That kind of shoes was sold in this shop last week. 3.They will finish all the work in a week. All the work will be finished in a week. 4.They have built three new stations in the city so far. Three new stations have been built in the city so far. 5. You should follow your parents advice. Your parentsadvice should be followed.,单宾语肯定句：,6. He doesnt show the stamps to me. The stamps arent shown to me. 7.People dont grow rice in the west of Japan. Rice isnt grown in the west of Japan. 8.He didnt buy anything there before he left. Nothing was bought there before he left. 9.They cant mend the bike in that shop. The bike cant be mended in that shop. 10.They havent found the lost cat. The lost cat hasnt been found.,否定句：,11.Does Kate sometimes break glasses? Are glasses sometimes broken by Kate? 12.Do you always send a letter to Mr Hu? Is a letter always sent to Mr Hu? 13Can you mend this radio here? Can this radio be mended here? 14.What does the teacher often tell the boys to do? What are the boys often told to do by the teacher? 15.How many desks have they bought this term? How many desks have been bought this term？,疑问句：,Pay attention to the changes,带复合宾语(宾补）的被动语态结构,make/let/ have see/hear/watch/notice sb. do sth. sb. be made / let / had be seen / heard / watched / noticed to do sth.,如动词为 make, see, hear, watch ,let, notice, have等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。如： I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree.,25.The boss made the workers work all day. The workers were made to work all day 26.We saw the boys enter the house. The boys were seen to enter the house.,宾语补足语为不带to的不定式：,(2) see sb. doing sth. sb. be seen doing sth.,I saw him playing football at that moment.,He was seen playing football at that moment.,see/hear / watch /notice.,Pay attention to the changes,2,带双宾语的被动语态结构,Bob sent Kate a letter last year.,=Kate was sent a letter by Bob last year.,=A letter was sent to Kate by Bob last year.,She told Jim a story.,tell/ask/bring/write/give/send /show/teach/pass sb. sth sth. be told/asked/brought/given/sent/shown/taught/passed to sb.,=Jim was told a story by her.,=A story was told to Jim by her.,Mum made me a new dress.,I was made a new dress by Mum. A new dress was made for me by Mum.,make/buy/ draw/sing be made/bought/ drawn/sang,sth. for sb.,21.I bought my daughter a new watch. A new watch was bought for my daughter. My daughter was bought a new watch. 22.Father will make me a kite this Sunday. A kite will be made for me by father this Sunday. I will be made a kite by father this Sunday. 23.I have shown them the photos. The photos have been shown to them. They have been shown the photos. 24.The Youth gave me some suggestions in the letter. Some suggestions were given to me by the youth worker in the letter . I was given some suggestons by the youth worker in the letter.,双宾语：,We should take care of the old people . The old people should be taken care of.,3. 被动语态中，要保持短语动词的完整性，动词后的介词或副词切不可遗漏,16.You should listen to the teacher carefully. The teacher should be listened to carefully. 17.May I look after the baby at home? May the baby be looked after at home? 18. Have they handed in their exercise-books? Have their exercise-books been handed in? 19. We will take good care of her baby. Her baby will be taken good care of by us. 20.You had better throw the rubbish into the dustbin. The rubbish had better be thrown into the dustbin.,谓语动词为介词短语：,下列情况主动句不能改为被动句： 第一，感官系动词一般用主动形式表示被动意义，如：feel，look, seem, taste, sound, 等。 (1) Do you like the material? Yes, it feels very soft. 误：It is felt very soft. (2)The food tastes delicious. 误：The food is tasted delicious. (3)The pop music sounds beautiful. 误：The pop music is sounded beautiful.,第二，一些不及物动词短语没有被动语态，如：take place, come out, belong to, break down, come true 等。如： The fire broke out in the capital building. 误：The fire was broke out in the capital building. 第三，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, 等。 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen. 误：The sun had already been risen.,第四. 有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，表示主语内在品质或性能，是不及物动词，用主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook, wear 等。如： (1)The cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。 (2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销。 对比： The books sell well. (主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句) The meat didnt cook well. (主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句),1.不定式在某些形容词后作状语,且和句子的主语(或宾语)构成动宾关系时,用主动式表被动义。,difficult,easy,hard,fit,pleasant,good, comfortable, safe,The fish is not fit _(eat) We find English is hard _ (learn) The article is difficult _ (understand).,to eat,to learn,to understand,2.不定式作后置定语,与被修饰的名词构成动宾关系,又和该句主语(或宾语)构成主谓关系时,用主动式表被动义。,I have a lot of homework _(do) Ill give him some books _ (read),to do,to read,表示状态特征的连系动词+adj./n.,用主动式表被动义。,3 表示“开始、结束、运动”的动词用主动式表被动义。 (begin,open,start,stop,end,finish,shut, move,run,.) The shop opens at 6 am. every day,表示主语的属性特征的动词+副词well/ badly/easily/smoothly,用主动式表被动义,4. 作“需要”讲的need/require后接动名词作宾语时，用主动式表被动义；当然也可接不定式的被动式作宾语。 Your jacket needs washing/ to be washed,5. 以who为主语开头的疑问句，变被动时，用by whom放在句首： Who wrote the story? 误：Who was the story written? 正：By whom was the story written? Who(Whom) was the story written by?,6. 在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如： 据说 It is said that 据报导 It is reported that 据推测 It is supposed that 众所周知 It is well known that 有人建议 It is suggested that 1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.,The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold This kind of cloth _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed,B,C,Exercises,Quiz 1,Quiz 1 1. The steel _ cold A. is felt B. was feeling C. feels D. is being felt 2. His plan _ good A. has sounded B. is sounding C. is sounded D. sounds,C,D,Quiz 2,Quiz 2 The shop _ at 6 am. every day A. opens B. opened C. is opened D. is opening Work _ at 7 pm. today A. ends B. ended C. was ended D. had ended,A,B,The pen _ smoothly A. was wrote B. writes C. has writing D. is written This coat _ easily A. has washed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed,Quiz 3,B,C,Your jacket needs _(wash) The house requires _ (repair),Quiz 4,washing,repairing,The fish is not fit _(eat) We find English difficult _ (learn),Quiz 5,to eat,to learn,I have much homework _ (do) Ill give the boy some books _(read),Quiz 6,to do,to read,Correcting mistake,2.Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any: 1)Two boys hurt while playing a ball 2)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted?,will last,were hurt,4)A car was broken down last night 5)The large building that is now built will be a hospital,is now being built,broke down,6)Class is begun at 7:30 every day 7)His plan is sounded good 8)Your coat needs being washed,begins,sounds,to be washed / washing,9The teacher couldnt make him _ attention to because the students were so noisy. pay paid to pay to be paid,B,Fill in the blanks.,Shopkeeper: Good morning. What can I do for you? Millie: Good morning. Id like to buy a computer. Shopkeeper: Weve got many kinds of personal computers. This green one _ (call) KiWi, and it _(design) especially for students. Millie: Where _ it _ (make)? Shopkeeper: It _ (make) in Shenzhen. Millie: _ it _ (use) widely. Shopkeeper: Of course, very widely in Beijing. Millie: Ok. Ill think about it.,is called,is designed,is,made,is made,Is,used,Millie: Hi, Simon. I cant open my new e-dictionary On my computer. Can you help me? Simon: Yes, of course. Did you close all the windows? Millie: Yes, all the windows _. Simon: Then restart the computer. Millie: It _. Simon: Did you check the settings? Millie: Yes, the settings _. Simon: Did you connect the keyboard to the computer properly? Millie: Yes, the keyboard _. Simon: Did you double-click on the “auto-run” icon after you put in the CD-ROM?,were closed,was restarted,were checked,was connected to the computer properly,Millie: Yes. The icon _,but it still isnt working. Simon: Thats really strange. Let me come and have a look later today. Millie: Thanks a lot, Simon. Simon: Youre welcome.,was double-clicked on,Princess Laura was given a magic wand, but it only works,Princess Laura was caught by an evil witch.,The princesss hair was cut short b