高考英语析时态语态考点.ppt

,做十年高考试题， 析时态语态考点,重庆二外 左明正,考点I： 动词时态的选择首先要看时间状语，若没有时间状语，则要根据句子所提供的语境来判断动作发生的时间，从而得出正确的判断。,1. With the rapid growth of population, the city _in all directions in the past five years. (2003Anhui） A. spreads B. has spread C. spread D. had spread 2. I arrived late; I _ the road to be so icy. (2004 Beijing spring) wouldnt expect B. havent expected C. hadnt expected D. wasnt expecting,本题可由时间状语in the past five years判断应该用现在完成时态。,本题无明显的时间状语，但上下文语境提示了动作发生时间。arrived late是一过去动作，而之 所以迟到则是因为事先未能预计到道路会结冰，估计不足在先是原因，迟到在后是其结果，所以答案应是过去完成时态。,B,C,一,考点2： 现在完成时。常考内容如下：,1. How can you possibly miss the news? It _ on TV all day long. (2004Beijing spring) A. has been B. had been C. was D. will be 2。John and I friends for eight years. We first got to know each other at a Christmas party. But we _ each other a couple of times before that. (2002spring) A. had been; have seen B have been; have seen C. had been; had seen D have been; had seen,本题巧妙地将现在完成时与过去完成时组合在一题中加以区别。第一空的时间参照点是现在，做朋友迄今已八年，用现在完成时。第二空时间参照点为过去某时（第一次认识的时间）,在此时之前已见过几次面，用过去完成时。,_,_,现在完成时强调一个过去动作或状态对现在的影响而一般过去时只表示动作发生于或状态存在于过去，并不管对现在是否有影响。 答案A对现在的影响是: 你不可能没听到这条消息.,一,3. The coffee is wonderful! It doesnt taste like anything I_before. (NMET2005-2) A. was having B. have C. have ever had D. had ever had 4. Hi, Tracy, you look tired. I am tired. I _the living room all day. (NMET1998) A. painted B. had painted C. have been painting D. have painted,C,C,现在完成时与never, ever, before以及频率副词often等搭配常表示说话人的经历、经验。过去完成时也有类似用法。,本题考查现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别。除少数延续性动词如study, live, teach加上since, for等段时间状语两个时态可互换外，现在完成时强调动作的完成，完成进行时强调动作从过去某时一直不停进行至现在，所以本题答案为C。过去完成时与过去完成进行时的区别相同。,考点3：一般过去时与过去完成时的用法辨析。,1. More than a dozen students in that school _ abroad to study medicine last year. (Shanghai05) A. sent B. were sent C. had sent D. had been sent 2. He _ more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15. (Beijing 2005) A. has learned B. would have learned C. learned D. had learned,B,C,本题不少学生会误选D因为他们以为发生在过去某时i的动作就该用过去完成时, 其实这正是一般过去时的典型用法, 不是过去完成时的用法.,本题是过去完成时的典型用法，进入大学是一过去动作，用一般过去时而已学5000多英语单词则是在进大学之前就已发生的另一过去动作，用过去完成时。用过去完成时必须有两个过去动作，第一个动作或时间用一般过去时或时间状语表示，第二个更早的动作即“过去之过去”，才用过去完成时。,She _her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a better job. (2004Chongqing) A. would change B. has changed C. changed D. was changing 4. We _that John would become a doctor, but he was not good enough at science. A. hope B. had hoped C. hoped D. have hoped,改变发型时间在前，来重庆找工作在后。改变理应用过去完成时，但before, after, until, as soon as 引导的时间状语从句由于连词本身的词义已经把动作的时间关系表达清楚所以从句动词也可用一般过去时替代过去完成时。,C,wish, hope, want, intend, mean, plan, expect等动词的过去完成时常表示未能实现的愿望、希望、意图、打算, 计划, 期盼等，汉语可译成“本来希望、本来打算、本来想、原来的意图是、本来计划、原本期望”等。这些动词的一般过去时+不定式的完成式也可表达同样的意思。,B,考点4: 现在进行时的延伸用法,1. Because the shop _, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. （2004 Zhejiang） A. has closed down B. closed down C. is closing down D. had closed down 2 Youre drinking too much. Only at home. No one_ me but you. (2000spring) A. is seeing B had seen C. sees D. saw,表感觉、思维、情感态度、状态的动词： see, hear, seem, taste, believe, know, guess, realize, think, understand, hate, like, love, want, prefer, need, wish, remember, want, mean, mind, have, belong, exist, deserve等不用进行时态. 但当以上词意义变化时可用进行时： 1. Im now having sports with my friends. 2. Who is seeing you off this afternoon?,现在进行时常用来表示一个计划好或安排好的将来动作,_,3. He is such a man who is always fault with other people. (Anhui 2005) putting B. seeking C. finding D. looking for,本题考查进行时态表说话人情感的用法。进行时与always、forever、contantly等搭配可表示说话人满意、赞扬、不满、抱怨、批评等情感意义。本题表示说话人的不满。,C,考点5: 一般现在时的延伸用法,1. When will you come to see me, Dad? (2003Spring) 1 will go to see you when you _ the training course. A. will have finished B. will finish C. are finishing D. finish 2. As soon as he comes back, Ill tell him when _ and see him. (Beijing 2005) A. you will come B. will you come C. you come D. do you com,D,A,第一题选D因为when引导的是时间状语从句，在条件和时间状语从句中只能用现在时态表将来。第二题选A，因为when从句不是时间状语从句而是宾语从句(名词从句). 注意If从句的类似用法,3. What are you going to do this afternoon ? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film_ quite early, so we to the bookstore after that. Afinished; are going Bfinished; go (2005Chongqing) Cfinishes; are going Dfinishes; go,本题第一空一般现在时表示按照时刻表将要发生的将来动作，第二空现在进行时表计划、安排好的将来.,C,3. Months ago we sailed ten thousand miles across this open sea, which _ the Pacific, and we met no storms. (Liaoning 2005) Awas called Bis called Chad been called Dhas been called,本题考查一般现在时表示客观真理或事实的用法。尽管上下文 都是过去时态但这一片广阔的海域名叫太平洋是不受动作时间影 响的客观事实，所以应使用一般现在时态。,B,考点6. 一般过去时与过去进行时的辨析。,The eyewitness said that the day _ when he saw the UFO passing across the sky. (NMET 2000) A. is breaking B. was breaking C. broke D. was to break 2. Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _it this morning. (NMET2004-2) did B. has done C. was doing D. had done,过去进行时常与一般过去时搭配，过去进行时表示一个长的动作，充当时间背景；一般过去时表示一个短的动作，该动作就发生在过去进行时所提供的时间背景过程中。,本题选B的错误是：现在完成时不能与明确过去时间状语(this morning) 搭配且该答案与题干语境相矛盾。答案A段时间状语与一般过去时搭配表示动作完成，这显然也与题干语境相矛盾。而过去进行时与短时间状语搭配表示动作未完成，正好与题干语境符合，所以答案为C,_,_,3. He was hoping to go abroad but his parents _that they wont support him unless he can borrow money from the bank. (Hubei 2005) Awere deciding Bhave decided Cdecided Dwill decide,B,解本题的关键是正確理解题干意义，was hoping在本句中并不表示过去进行，而是等于hopes. 在英语中hope, wonder, think 的过去进行时常用来表示说话人现在的希望，请求或想法等，比用一般现在时的语气更委婉、客气。,考点 7. 将来时态的各种形式,1. You have left the light on. Oh, so I have. _and turn it off. (NMET 2000) Ill go B. Ive gone C. Im going D. Im going to go 2. Did you tell Julia about the result? Oh, no, I forgot. I_ her now. (NMET2005-3) will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call,A,B,本题考点与上题基本一致。A错误是因为时间状语now与将来进行时相矛盾，D则表示的是计划好的将来，只有B符合题意。,本题考查will与be going to的区别. be going to表示事先已有的意图或打算，而临时的打算或决定只能用 will.,3. In a room above the store, where a party _, some workers were busily setting the table. （Hunan2006） A. was to be held B. has been held C. will be held D. is being held,A,本题考查be+动词不定式表将来这种形式，be+动词不定式常用来表示一个计划好或安排好的将来动作，其过去时（was/were+动词不定式）则表示一个计划好或安排好的过去将来动作. 根据题干语境，派对的举行应是一过去将来动作，故C应排除，正确答案为A,i,考点8： 把握是否用被动语态的判断方法,1. A new cinema_ here. They hope to finish it next month. (2001spring) A will be built B. is built C. has been built D. is being built 2. Why did you leave that position? I _ a better position at IBM. (Beijing 2005) A. offer B. offered C. am offered D. was offered,及物动词后面如无宾语常提示我们该句应该用被动语态，再根据下文时间状语next year确定用被动语态的现在进行时。,offer是双宾语动词，双宾语动词后如只有一个宾语也常提示应用被动语态。再根据题干语境，答案应是