撰写临床SCI论文实例剖析10Oct2015.ppt

1985-1990, 同济医科大学（华中科技大）附属协和医院 1990-1995, 爱尔兰都柏林大学三一学院 St. James Hospital 1995-2000, 澳大利亚悉尼大学 Nepean Hospital 2000-2006, 香港大学玛丽医院 2006-2014, 诺华制药美国,夏华向 Harry Hua-Xiang Xia,2012-至今, Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 主编 2014-至今, 北京首都医科大学附属友谊医院、青岛大学附属青岛市市立医院、广东药学院附属第一医院 客座教授,1,1988年-2015年发表论文,中文著作 1本 中文论文 23篇 论著 8篇 综述/编者按 15篇,英文论文 156篇 论著 125篇 第一（并列第一）作者 60篇 通讯作者 17篇 综述/编者按 23篇 第一作者 18篇 信稿 8篇 第一作者 1篇 著作章节 10 节 第一作者 6节,2,范学工，夏华向. 幽门螺杆菌感染-基础和临床. 第1版. 湖南: 湖南科学技术出版社 1997 (第一次印刷) ; 1998 (第二次印刷),3,医学论文撰写 基础技能及实例剖析 夏华向 美捷登 生物科技有限公司 主编 青岛大学青岛市立医院 客座教授 青岛大学青岛市立医院SCI论文撰写与国家自然科学基金申请培训班 2015年10月10日 青岛,4,撰写与发表论文的五个基本层次及要素,一、创意、新颖、创新、重要性 Creativity, Novelty, Innovation and Significance/Implications 二、生物医学知识、学术标准及专业指南 Biomedical Knowledge, Academic Standards and Specialty Guidelines 更新的生物医学知识：理论和技术 更新的学术标准及本专业进展：指南、共识、诊断标准、医护标准Guidelines, Consensus, Standards of Care 三、撰写科技论文规范与技巧 Guidelines and Techniques for Scientific Writing 撰写论文的技巧：全文、部分、段落的结构布局以及句子、短语以及单词选择及运用,5,撰写与发表论文的五个基本层次及要素,四、语言：句法、语法及拼写 Syntax, Grammar and Spelling 语句：结构是否完整, 表达是否清晰、明了，具一致性、逻辑性 动词时态：过去、现在、现在完成、将来（虚拟）等 拼写 五、格式、文体 Formats and styles 一般要求 各杂志具体要求,6,实例简介:研究背景、设计及结果 (5 min) 论文讲解及技能训练 Q&A (10 min),讲解时间安排,第一层次讲解：创意、新颖、创新、重要性 (5 min) 第二到第五层次： 前言 (15 min) 方法 (15 min) 结果及图表 (15 min) 讨论 (20 min) 致谢 (5 min) 参考文献 (5 min) 文稿格式 (5 min) 文题及短标题 (10 min) 署名 (5 min) 摘要 (10 min) 回复信 (5 min),7,原文题 英文：Levofloxacin-based Triple and Sequential Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: a Multicenter, Randomized and Controlled Trial in Chinese Population. 中文 ：基于左氧氟沙星的三联及序贯疗法根除幽门螺杆菌：一项在中国人群的多中心随机对照研究 为什么选择MJ5206? 研究类型：典型临床试验研究Clinical Trial 胃肠感染性疾病/指征：幽门螺杆菌感染 H. pylori infection 通讯作者张国新教授授权,实例简介，MJ5206,8,语言 中文为主，必要时，英文 原文标记及评论 红色背景及评论：生物医学知识、学术标准及专业指南问题 红色字体及评论：撰写科技论文规范与技巧问题 黄色背景：简单语言及格式问题 绿色背景：恰当或正确的描述 同类问题，一般只标记一次 技能训练 论文中蓝色背景相应部分有关的写作知识及例句及有奖问答 互动交流：提问及讨论 鼓励就正在剖析内容提问、解答、讨论 无绝对正确答案,讲解方式,幽门螺杆菌Helicobacter pylori Unidentified curved bacilli -Campylobacter pyloridis -Campylobacter pylori 幽门螺杆菌感染率 Up to 50% in developed countries Up to 90% in developing countries; about 60% in Chinese population 幽门螺杆菌感染与胃肠疾病 急慢性胃炎acute and chronic gastritis 消化性溃疡病peptic ulcer disease 胃癌gastric cancer,实例论文的课题研究背景,10,Nobel Prize in Medicine in 2005,Barry J. Marshall and J. Robin Warren for their discovery of “the bacterium Helicobacter pylori and its role in Gastritis and Peptic Ulcer Disease” Announcement on October 3, 2005,11,临床诊断 Invasive: Biopsy-based methods - culture, pathology and rapid urease test Non-invasive: Serology, 13C- or 14C- urea breath test 治疗 First-line: Triple or quadruple therapy Second-line: quadruple, or sequential therapy,实例论文的课题研究背景,12,本项研究背景及目的 Decreasing efficacy of currently recommended first-line triple and quadruped therapies with increasing drug-resistance rates No head-to head comparison between levofloxacin-containing sequential therapy and standard sequential therapy as the first-line treatment To compare efficacy and adverse events of levofloxacin-containing triple and sequential therapies vs. standard sequential therapy,实例论文简介,13,研究设计及方法,实例论文简介,14,结果 参考文献： Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, OMorain C, et al. Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report. Gut. 2007 Jun; 56(6): 772-81. Malfertheiner P, Megraud F, OMorain CA, et al. Management of Helicobacter pylori infection-the Maastricht IV/ Florence Consensus Report. Gut. 2012 May;61(5):646-64. 刘文忠，谢勇，成虹等，第四次全国幽门螺杆菌感染处理共识报告.胃肠病学. 2012, 17(10): 618-25.,实例论文简介,15,What is unmet needs No effective treatment consistently achieving eradication rate of 85% What is unknown or unclear Levofloxacin sequential therapy as first line treatment What are the clinical significance/implications Eradication of H. pylori infection What is to be verified or added to the scientific literature Novel therapy- Levofloxacin sequential therapy,第一层次分析：创意、新颖、创新、 重要性,16,Selecting and Finalizing Data Results Materials and Methods Introduction Discussion Title References Abstract Other Sections,General Order of Writing,17,The topic to be covered and the rationale Introduction of the major players Known and especially unknown or unresolved issues The hypothesis leading to the study The aim(s) of the study,Introduction：What and how to write,18,Introduction: How to write,Background of the relevant research area Currently known knowledge and information Unknown, unanswered, unmet issues Specific question(s) Aims of the study seek answer(s) for the specific question(s),19,Known and unknown,Questions,Tips for Introduction,20,DO NOT overly or poorly state the research area DO NOT discuss the results in Introduction section Properly define the abbreviations Cite relevant & updated references State the hypothesis and study aims directly,Analysis: Introduction,MJ5206: Levofloxacin-based Triple and Sequential Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: a Multicenter, Randomized and Controlled Trial in Chinese Population,Training for Introduction,22,斜体应用,生物（动物、植物、微生物等）种（Species） 动 Ailuropoda melanoleuca vs. Ailuropoda 大猫熊属 植 Astragalus mongholicus vs. Astragalus 黄芪属 微 Helicobacter pylori vs. Helicobacter 螺（旋）杆菌属 核酸内切酶 EcoRI, EcoRII, BamHI, HindIII, TapI, NotI, etc.,23,斜体应用,拉丁词或短语 etc. (et cetera), et al.(et alii or et alibi ), i.e. (id est- in effect), e.g. (exempli gratia - example given), vs. (versus), ad libitum, ad hoc , post hoc, in vivo, in vitro, ad interim, prn (pro re nata), vice versa, per se, status quo, en masse 基因(mRNA) bcl-2 gene, bcl-2 mRNA vs. Bcl-2 protein 统计参数 U-test, t-test, P (or p) value,24,如某相关专业术语在文中出现两次或以上，就应在第一次出现时定义 (Definition)缩写。否则，不用缩写。 一旦定义，必须在文中持续使用(Consistent use) 摘要和正文均需定义 无需定义的缩写： DNA, RNA, H2O, 等 在第一次写出Helicobacter pylori 全文后， 可直接持续用 H. pylori,缩写用法,25,Exercise 1,A. Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium. Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of gastritis and PUD (peptic ulcer disease). B. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium. H. pylori infection is a major cause of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD). C. Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium. H. pylori infection is a major cause of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD).,26,Exercise 1,A. Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium. Helicobacter pylori infection is a major cause of gastritis and PUD (peptic ulcer disease). B. Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a Gram-negative bacterium. H. pylori infection is a major cause of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD). C. Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterium. H. pylori infection is a major cause of gastritis and peptic ulcer disease (PUD).,27,中文字体,SimSun 新宋体 Size 10.5 Symbols: , , ( ), (degree Celsius) Fl, fi, One character,28,权威标准、指南或共识,MELD: Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Rome III Criteria: New Standard for Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders PASI75: A 75% reduction in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) score IADPSG criteria: The International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) new criteria for diagnosis and classification of diabetes in pregnancy based on the association of maternal glycemia with perinatal outcomes reported in the Hyperglycemia and Adverse Pregnancy Outcome (HAPO) study. WOMAC: The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Arthritis Index Maastricht Consensus IV: Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection Primary outcomes for transplantation: graft loss (censored for death), acute rejection, and steroid resistant rejection.,29,However, although (though), despite, in spite of,It has been generally accepted that H. pylori infection is causally associated with the development of gastric carcinoma. However, only a small proportion of patients with H. pylori infection develop gastric carcinoma. Although only a small proportion of patients with H. pylori infection develop gastric carcinoma, the impact of H. pylori infection cannot be ignored. H. pylori can survive in the human stomach although the stomach secrets gastric acid. H. pylori can survive in the human stomach despite (in spite of) gastric acid secreted in the stomach.,30,And, as well as, or,Dont start a sentence with “And”, “As well as” or “Or”. Use “and” when A and B are important at the same or similar level. Both H. pylori infection and hepatitis B virus infection in blood were detected. Use “as well as” when B is less important than A. H. pylori infection, as well as hepatitis B virus infection, in blood was detected. Use “or” when A and B are not overlapped H. pylori infection or hepatitis B virus infection in blood was detected.,31,Exercise 2,A. Clinical efficacy as well as adverse effects of a levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, and a modified levofloxacin-containing sequential therapy were investigated. B. Both clinical efficacy and adverse effects of a levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, and a modified levofloxacin-containing sequential therapy was investigated. C. Clinical efficacy as well as adverse effects of a levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, and a modified levofloxacin-containing sequential therapy was investigated.,Exercise 2,A. Clinical efficacy as well as adverse effects of a levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, and a modified levofloxacin-containing sequential therapy were investigated. B. Both clinical efficacy and adverse effects of a levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, and a modified levofloxacin-containing sequential therapy was investigated. C. Clinical efficacy as well as adverse effects of a levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, and a modified levofloxacin-containing sequential therapy was investigated.,33,可能性 Can, could, may, might, be likely to, probably, possibly, perhaps, maybe,Exercise 3 Discussion - Order the possibility A. H. pylori can survive in the mouse stomach. B. H. pylori may survive in the mouse stomach. C. H. pylori could survive in the mouse stomach. D. H. pylori might survive in the mouse stomach. E. H. pylori would survive in the mouse stomach. F. H. pylori is more/most likely to survive in the mouse stomach. G. H. pylori is likely to survive in the mouse stomach. H. H. pylori is less/least likely or unlikely to survive in the mouse stomach. I. H. pylori is probably associated with heart disease. J. H. pylori is possibly associated with heart disease. K. Perhaps H. pylori is associated with heart disease. L. Maybe H. pylori is associated with heart disease.,34,根据 based on vs. on the basis of 事实上 actually/in fact vs. as a matter of fact,The rapid urease test is created based on the fact that H. pylori produces a large amount of urease. The rapid urease test is created on the basis of the fact that H. pylori produces a large amount of urease.,Exercise 4,35,根据 based on vs. on the basis of 事实上 actually/in fact vs. as a matter of fact,As a matter of fact, H. pylori produces a large amount of urease. Actually/In fact, H. pylori produces a large amount of urease.,Exercise 5,36,Also, too,Dont use “too” in a scientific article when it means “also” “Also” is normally not used in the end of the sentence,37,Unknown, unclear, uncertain, controversial, to be elucidated, to be confirmed, lacking,Whether H. pylori eradication can decrease the risk of cancer remains unknown. Whether Helicobacter pylori eradication alters gastric mucosal phospholipid contents and their fatty acid composition remains unclear. Whether Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with diabetes mellitus and its associated gastrointestinal symptoms remains uncertain. Whether Helicobacter pylori infection is associated with diabetes mellitus and its associated gastrointestinal symptoms remains controversial. How Helicobacter pylori infection leads to the development of gastric carcinoma has not been fully elucidated. Whether this triple regimen achieves the same clinical efficacy needs to be confirmed in Chinese patients.,38,Research, investigation, study(ies), experiment(s), report(s),Marshall, the Nobel laureate, continues his research on H. pylori and runs the H. pylori Research Laboratory at the University of Western Australia. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the effects of H. pylori infection and its eradication among different age groups and in relation to obesity. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine the clinical efficacy of a levofloxacin-containing triple therapy, and a modified levofloxacin-containing sequential therapy. The in vitro experiment was performed in triplicate. Wang et al. presented a case report.,39,Exercise 6,In a research by Wang et al., drug A was more effective than drug B in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In an investigation by Wang et al., drug A was more effective than drug B in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. In a study by Wang et al., drug A was more effective than drug B in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.,Exercise 6,A. In a research by Wang et al., drug A was more effective than drug B in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. B. In an investigation by Wang et al., drug A was more effective than drug B in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. C. In a study by Wang et al., drug A was more effective than drug B in the treatment of diabetes mellitus.,41,Explore, investigate, determine, evaluate, assess, identify, compare, validate, verify, confirm,Exercise 7 Discussion Which of the following studies would generate high-quality results? The aim of the present study was to explore (investigate/ determine) the association between H. pylori infection and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The aim of the present study was to evaluate (assess/ determine) the efficacy and safety of a novel triple regimen in adults with H. pylori infection. The aim of the present study was to identify (determine) the risk factors in H pylori-induced gastric carcinogenesis. The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a novel triple therapy with a standard triple therapy in adults with H. pylori infection. The aim of the present study was to validate/verify/confirm the efficacy and safety of a novel triple therapy in Chinese adults with H. pylori infection.,42,Materials and Methods,Specific Sufficient details that allow others to repeat the experiments Consistent with the Results section,43,Tips,Tips for Materials and Methods,All methods used to generate the data presented in results DO NOT show any results in this section Citations for protocols used previously Patients inclusion and exclusion criteria Strains and ages of animals, doses used, treatment routes and durations, and other details that would allow the reader to repeat the experiments Sample size calculation for clinical studies, especially for clinical trials Methods used to analyze data Ethic issues,44,Analysis: Materials & Methods,MJ5206: Levofloxacin-based Triple and Sequential Therapy for Helicobacter pylori Eradication: a Multicenter, Randomized and Controlled Trial in Chinese Population,Tips,Training for Materials and Methods,46,Your manuscript was received; however, the editorial board finds that, while it contains interesting results, it cannot be accepted for the publication in Nature due to a large number of high-quality manuscripts submitted to the journal.,Exercise 8 What is the difference?,接收和接受不分 Receive vs. accept,47,Consent form,Prospective clinical studies Witten informed Justification required if only for verbal informed consent form Ethics approval for extraordinary circumstances,48,Ethic considerations,The Institutional Review Board/The Ethics Committee/ Ethical Review Board formally designated to approve, monitor, and review biomedical and behavioral research involving humans All (prospective and retrospective) clinical studies using human materials need approval. Animal Ethics Committee/The Laboratory Animal Ethics Committee/ Committee for Ethics in Animal Experimentation (CEAE) All animal experiments need approval,49,Exercise 9,A. Each patient provided written informed consent, and the trial was approved by a local ethics committee. B. Each patient provided verbal consent, and the trial was approved by the Institutional Review Board of XXX University. C. Each patient provided written informed consent, and the trial was approved by the Institutional Review Board of XXX University.,Exercise 9,A. Each patient provided written informed consent, and the trial was approved by a local ethics committee. B. Each patient provided verbal consent, and the trial was approved by the Institutional Review Board of XXX University. C. Each patient provided written informed consent, and the trial was approved by the Institutional Review Board of XXX University.,51,Its, youre, wont, cant, couldnt, havent, dont, didnt, etc.,Contractions are not used in formal writing Avoid using contractions in a scientific article A. The present study showed that H. pylori infection wasnt associated with diabetes mellitus. B. The present study showed that H. pylori infection was not associated with diabetes mellitus.,Exercise 10,52,原因 Because, because of, due to, as, since, for, thanks to, owing to,“Because”, “because of”, “due to” are commonly used H. pylori can survive in the human gastric mucosa because it produces a large amount of urease. H. pylori can survive in the human gastric mucosa because of/due to its potent urease activity. “as”, and “since” are also commonly used, but weaker in expression. H. pylori can survive in the human gastric mucosa as/since it produces a large amount of urease. “thanks to”, and “owing to” are used for special circumstances Thanks to/owing to its potent urease activity, H. pylori can survive in the human gastric mucosa. Avoid using “for”,53,Commonly used statistical analysis methods,54,多余用词,Research results The research results of the present study are consistent with previous observations. The results of the present study are consistent with previous observations No 10, Jiefang Road No 10, Jiefang Road, Wuhan, Hubei, China 30033 10 Jiefang Road, Wuhan,