极速无词阅读技巧.ppt

Process the information,useful infromation,useless infromation,信息庞大：脑袋乱； 篇幅太长：做题慢 持续四六篇：疲劳战,如何区分信息主次,1、第一段话的第一句和最后一句是重点 2、中文注释处是重点 3、转折词后是重点 but, however, yet, on the contrary. 4、题干中涉及单词处是重点 5、根据题干直奔文章中主要内容 6、文章中不懂得信息：过,常见错误,1，完美主义，逐句阅读文章：要求perfect。逐字逐句的阅读翻译文章 2，选择恐惧：当出现不会的单词，就会有一种选择恐惧，很多同学就靠蒙，遵循三长一短选最短，三短一长选最长的原则。 3，不知所云（混沌做题）：不知道文章究竟说了什么，更不知道他问的是什么,刑警题型,根据特征，在人群中抓出通缉犯 根据标签，在文群中抓出答案句,考查核心能力,能否迅速找到处理加工有效信息的能力 （删除无效信息） 1，主旨和中心 2，某处重要特殊信息 3，基本框架和行文逻辑 4，对题目定位提取筛选加工的能力,解题步骤,1，先看题后读原文 2，确定题干或者选项重点词 3，回顾题干和选项重点词 4，快速寻找信息句 5，对照选项找答案,题目的分类,1.概括/主旨题 2.细节理解题 3.猜词题 4.推断题,Reading Comprehension,1. Main idea:,比重大、难度大,文章主旨找首段 段落主旨找首句 排除细节性信息,Where does the passage come from？ Whats the passage mainly about？ Main idea title, purpose, want to tell us. type of writing,典型例题1,This passage is mainly about _。 A. energy-saving tips B. fuel-saving tips C. do-it-yourself tips D. environment-protecting tips,The global energy crisis is approaching. What can we do? Here are some steps you can take。 Cooling puts the greatest stress on your summer energy bill and the power grid(电网). Just as a tune-up for your car can improve your gas mileage, a yearly tune-up of your heating and cooling system can improve efficiency and comfort. Clean or replaces filters monthly or as needed。 Drive the car that gets better gas mileage whenever possible if you own more than one vehicle. If you drive 12,500 miles a year, switching 10 percent of your trips from a car that gets 20 miles per gallon to one that gets 30 mpg will save you more than 65 per year。 Carpool. The average U.S. commuter(乘车上班族) could save about 260 a year by sharing cars twice a week with two people in a car that gets 20.1 mpgassuming the three passengers share the cost of gas. (2008安徽卷),概括（主旨）题答题技巧,针对主旨大意类题目，应采用快速阅读(Skimming)浏览全文。在阅读时，应特别注意文章的开头、结尾及段落的段首句和段尾句，因为他们往往名包含文章的中心议题。,2. details Questions: Options:,1. information abstraction抽取标签,2. information scanning扫描定位,3. information matching 信息配对 铁证断案,细节理解题在高考阅读理解题中占有相当大的比例。细节题可分为两种类型：一种是答案几乎可以直接出短文中获得，正确答案和原文中含相关信息的句子也几乎相同；另一种细节题要复杂一些，有时在原文中找不到同正确选项相近的词，正确答案可能是原文某一事实的结果、原因、前提等。 细节理解题的特点是：要选择的答案一定要在短文中找到相关的词、短语、句子或段落。选择的依据必须是短文本身提供的信息，而绝不是根据自己的主观假设或推测或是自己的观点来决定。在阅读过程中对一些涉及到5W/1H等常考的细节内容做适当标记，以便于解题时迅速、准确的查找。,细节题常见的几种命题方式： Which of the following statements is true/not true? The statement made by the author is based on the evidence/example/fact that_ Which of the following statements is NOT mentioned in the text? The author states all of the following EXCEPT_,典型例题2 Which of the following is TRUE of the unicorn? A. It was not historically recorded B. Its horn was first used in France C. It was similar to the Indian Ass and the Oryx D. It could be the symbol of a university,Despite the fact that it has never been seen almost everyone is familiar with the legendary unicorn(独角兽). Descriptions of unicorns have been found dating from ancient times. The great philosopher Aristotle theorized that there were two types of unicorn- the so-called Indian Ass and the Oryx, a kind of antelope. Unicorns are often used in the logo of a noble family, town council or university as their special sign. Even Scotland is represented by a unicorn。 According to the legend, anyone attempting to catch a unicorn had to be extremely cautious as it has a reputation for being very fierce. A clever trick suggested by unicorn-trappers, in order to catch this magnificent beast without being hurt by its horn, was for the hunter to stand in front of a tree and then to move quickly behind it as the unicorn charged. Hopefully, the creature could then be captured when its horn was stuck in the tree。 (2008江西卷）,猜题类常见的命题方式： Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the word? The wordcould best be replaced by? In theparagraph, the wordmeans(refers to) According to the passage,probably means The authors uses the wordto mean The wordis most likely to mean。,3猜测题的做题技巧 1、猜测词义时更多用到的方法是：结合上下文的意义、线索、内在逻辑关系。 2、一般情况下，上下文所提示的意义与所考词汇通常是同义、反义或针对性解释的关系，可直接确定词义。 3、根据上下文意义很难作出判断的，就考虑用句法和内在逻辑方法去判断，符合句法和内在逻辑的可能为正确答案，反之则排除。,典型例题3,The underlined word “gulf” in Para.3 most probably means _。 A. interest B. distance C. difference D. separation,Parents and kids today dress alike, listen to the same music, and are friends. Is this a good thing? Sometimes, when Mr. Ballmer and his 16-year-old daughter, Elizabeth, listen to rock music together and talk about interests both enjoy, such as pop culture, he remembers his more distant relationship with his parents when he was a teenager。 “I would never have said to my mom, Hey, the new Weezer album is really great. How do you like it?” says Ballmer. “There was just a complete gap in taste。” Music was not the only gulf. From clothing and hairstyles to activities and expectations, earlier generations of parents and children often appeared to move in separate orbits。 (2008广东卷),4、推断题答题技巧,推理判断题是指在理解原文字面意义的基础上，通过对语篇逻辑关系的分析和细节的暗示，作出一定的判断和推理，从而得出文章的深层意义及隐含意义的过程。 推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话，也可能是某几句话，要求考生在遵循原文意义的基础上，对文章字面信息进行分析、挖掘、逻辑推理，揭示其深层含义。常出现的推理题有逻辑推理，知识推理等。这类考题中常出现的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate, conclude, learn from, probably,等。,推断题常见命题方式,From paragraph one we can infer that_ What can be inferred from the passage? We can infer from the text that? What can we learn from? We can conclude from the passage that_ The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that_ The author implies that_ This passage would most likely be found in_ The authors attitude towardis_?,典型例题4,The passage is most probably taken from _。 A. a short-story collection B. a popular science magazine C. a research paper D. a personal diary,Michael Fish may soon be replaced as a weather forecaster by something truly fishierthe shark(鲨鱼)。 Research by a British biology student suggests that sharks could be used to predict storms。 Lauren Smith, 24, is close to completing her study on sharks ability to sense pressure。 If her studies prove the theory, scientists may be able to monitor the behaviour of sharks to predict bad weather。 It has been discovered that a